4 research outputs found
Continuous Loading of a Conservative Trap from an Atomic Beam
We demonstrate the fast accumulation of Cr atoms in a conservative potential
from a magnetically guided atomic beam. Without laser cooling on a cycling
transition, a single dissipative step realized by optical pumping allows to
load atoms at a rate of 2*10^7 1/s in the trap. Within less than 100 ms we
reach the collisionally dense regime, from which we directly produce a
Bose-Einstein condensate with subsequent evaporative cooling. This constitutes
a new approach to degeneracy where, provided a slow beam of particles can be
produced by some means, Bose-Einstein condensation can be reached for species
without a cycling transition.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Evaporation limited loading of an atom trap
Recently, we have experimentally demonstrated a continuous loading mechanism
for an optical dipole trap from a guided atomic beam [1]. The observed
evolution of the number of atoms and temperature in the trap are consequences
of the unusual trap geometry. In the present paper, we develop a model based on
a set of rate equations to describe the loading dynamics of such a mechanism.
We consider the collision statistics in the non-uniform trap potential that
leads to twodimensional evaporation. The comparison between the resulting
computations and experimental data allows to identify the dominant loss process
and suggests ways to enhance the achievable steady-state atom number.
Concerning subsequent evaporative cooling, we find that the possibility of
controlling axial and radial confinement independently allows faster
evaporation ramps compared to single beam optical dipole traps.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure
Management of Locally Advanced or Metastatic Combined Hepatocellular Cholangiocarcinoma
Combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC) is a rare primary liver malignancy that comprises features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CC). Due to the rarity of this tumor, the treatment of choice has not yet been defined. For resectable disease, liver resection is the mainstay treatment. However, most patients relapse or display advanced disease and were not surgical candidates. Although the majority of patients are either primarily or secondarily treated in palliative intent, no guideline recommendations or prospective trial reports exist to allow reliable evaluation of debated treatment options. We review different locoregional or medical treatment options for advanced combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC) in the neoadjuvant, adjuvant, or palliative setting and discuss the possibility of predictive biomarker-guided therapeutic options
Management of Locally Advanced or Metastatic Combined Hepatocellular Cholangiocarcinoma
Combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC) is a rare primary liver malignancy that comprises features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CC). Due to the rarity of this tumor, the treatment of choice has not yet been defined. For resectable disease, liver resection is the mainstay treatment. However, most patients relapse or display advanced disease and were not surgical candidates. Although the majority of patients are either primarily or secondarily treated in palliative intent, no guideline recommendations or prospective trial reports exist to allow reliable evaluation of debated treatment options. We review different locoregional or medical treatment options for advanced combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC) in the neoadjuvant, adjuvant, or palliative setting and discuss the possibility of predictive biomarker-guided therapeutic options