77 research outputs found
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Consonance Network Simulations of Arousal Phenomena in Cognitive Dissonance
The consonance constraint satisfaction model, recently used to simulate the major paradigms of cognitive dissonance theory, is extended to deal with emotional arousal phenomena in dissonance. The impact of arousing drugs is implemented in the simulations by a scalar that modulates the intensity of unit activations representing the relevant cognitions and the connection weights representing their implications. The simulations show that even exotic dissonance phenomena can be explained in terms of the relatively commn process of constraint satisfaction
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Independence from Whom? Interdependence with Whom? Cultural Perspectives on Ingroups Versus Outgroups
DIETARY VITAMIN A AND RISK OF CANCER IN THE WESTERN ELECTRIC STUDY
Intake of dietary provitamin A (carotene) was inversely related to the 19-year incidence of lung cancer in a prospective epidemiological study of 1954 middle-aged men. The relative risks of lung cancer in the first (lowest) to fourth quartiles of the distribution of carotene intake were respectively, 7[middle dot]0, 5[middle dot] 5, 3.0, and 1.0 for all men in the study, and 8[middle dot] 1, 5.6, 3.9, and 1.0 for men who had smoked cigarettes for 30 or more years. Intake of preformed vitamin A (retinol) and intake of other nutrients were not significantly related to the risk of lung cancer. Neither carotene nor retinol intake was significantly related to the risk of other carcinomas grouped together, although for men in whom epidermoid carcinomas of the head and neck subsequently developed, carotene intake tended to be below average. These results support the hypothesis that dietary beta-carotene decreases the risk of lung cancer. However, cigarette smoking also increases the risk of serious diseases other than lung cancer, and there is no evidence that dietary carotenoids affect these other risks in any way.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/24193/1/0000452.pd
Management of intra-abdominal infections : recommendations by the WSES 2016 consensus conference
This paper reports on the consensus conference on the management of intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) which was held on July 23, 2016, in Dublin, Ireland, as a part of the annual World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) meeting. This document covers all aspects of the management of IAIs. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation recommendation is used, and this document represents the executive summary of the consensus conference findings.Peer reviewe
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