Taxonomy of the order Bunyavirales : second update 2018

In October 2018, the order Bunyavirales was amended by inclusion of the family Arenaviridae, abolishment of three families, creation of three new families, 19 new genera, and 14 new species, and renaming of three genera and 22 species. This article presents the updated taxonomy of the order Bunyavirales as now accepted by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV).Non peer reviewe

Taxonomy of the family Arenaviridae and the order Bunyavirales : update 2018

In 2018, the family Arenaviridae was expanded by inclusion of 1 new genus and 5 novel species. At the same time, the recently established order Bunyavirales was expanded by 3 species. This article presents the updated taxonomy of the family Arenaviridae and the order Bunyavirales as now accepted by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) and summarizes additional taxonomic proposals that may affect the order in the near future.Peer reviewe

Taxonomy of the order Bunyavirales : update 2019

In February 2019, following the annual taxon ratification vote, the order Bunyavirales was amended by creation of two new families, four new subfamilies, 11 new genera and 77 new species, merging of two species, and deletion of one species. This article presents the updated taxonomy of the order Bunyavirales now accepted by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV).Peer reviewe

Eating, drinking and wellbeing

The aim of the present chapter is to present a conceptual framework for examining associations between eating, drinking, and well-being. The approach is exemplified by considering two topics which have received considerable attention, namely, the effects of consumption of breakfast and ingestion of caffeine. It is argued that other aspects of diet can be considered in a similar way once the volume of research reaches appropriate levels. The first feature of the current approach to well-being is that it is multifactorial. Research on diet and health has confirmed the view that there is more to health than the absence of disease. Being able to function efficiently, both mentally and physically, is an important part of well-being. Similarly, the absence of negative affective states (negative mood, stress, anxiety, and depression) and the presence of positive emotions (positive affect, happiness, and life satisfaction) have long been recognized as key features of well-being. Previous research has investigated the relationship between diet and well-being, with some topics such as the effect of a healthy diet (e.g., consumption of breakfast, fruit and vegetables, and oily fish) or a bad diet (e.g., junk food) being widely studied. Other aspects of eating and drinking require further attention (e.g., eating super-foods such as broccoli; effects of BMI; emotional eating; and consumption of foods which change the gut microbiome – prebiotics and probiotics). There are three major problems with most of the previous research. First, the different dietary topics are often studied in isolation, which clearly misrepresents the real-life situation. Secondly, well-being is influenced by other established predictors (psychosocial factors such as stress, social support, personality and coping styles; health-related behaviors such as exercise; and sleep), and these are rarely controlled for. Thirdly, most of the research involves cross-sectional studies. What is now needed are multivariate, longitudinal studies of eating, drinking, and well-being. Such research will elucidate underlying biological mechanisms and develop practical approaches of preventing and managing negative effects and maximizing positive one

Taxonomy of the family Arenaviridae and the order Bunyavirales: update 2018

In 2018, the family Arenaviridae was expanded by inclusion of 1 new genus and 5 novel species. At the same time, the recently established order Bunyavirales was expanded by 3 species. This article presents the updated taxonomy of the family Arenaviridae and the order Bunyavirales as now accepted by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) and summarizes additional taxonomic proposals that may affect the order in the near future.status: publishe