35 research outputs found

    Influence of Environment and Mitochondrial Heritage on the Ecological Characteristics of Fish in a Hybrid Zone

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    Ecological characteristics (growth, morphology, reproduction) arise from the interaction between environmental factors and genetics. Genetic analysis of individuals' life history traits might be used to improve our understanding of mechanisms that form and maintain a hybrid zone.A fish hybrid zone was used to characterize the process of natural selection. Data were collected during two reproductive periods (2001 and 2002) and 1117 individuals (nase, Chondrostama nasus nasus, sofie C. toxostoma toxostoma and hybrids) were sampled. Reproductive dates of the two parental species overlapped at sympatric sites. The nase had an earlier reproductive period than the sofie; males had longer reproductive periods for both species. Hybridisation between female nase and male sofie was the most likely. Hybrids had a reproductive period similar to the inherited parental mitochondrial type. Growth and reproductive information from different environments has been synthesised following a bayesian approach of the von Bertalanffy model. Hybrid life history traits appear to link with maternal heritage. Hybrid size from the age of two and size at first maturity appeared to be closer to the size of the maternal origin species (nase or sofie). Median growth rates for hybrids were similar and intermediate between those of the parental species. We observed variable life history traits for hybrids and pure forms in the different parts of the hybrid zone. Geometrical analysis of the hybrid fish shape gave evidence of two main morphologies with a link to maternal heritage.Selective mating seemed to be the underlying process which, with mitochondrial heritage, could explain the evolution of the studied hybrid zone. More generally, we showed the importance of studies on hybrid zones and specifically the study of individuals' ecological characteristics, to improve our understanding of speciation

    Study of a cyprinid's hybrid zone over space and time

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    Etude de l’hybridation introgressive entre Chondrostoma t. toxostoma et Chondrostoma n. nasus (TĂ©lĂ©ostĂ©en, Cyprinidae) en utilisant une approche multiple

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    International audienceÉtude de l'hybridation introgressive entre Chondrostoma t. toxostoma et Chondrostoma n. nasus (tÉlÉostÉen, Cyprinidae) en utilisant une approChe multiple par Caroline COSTEDOAT (1), Nicolas PECH (1), RĂ©mi CHAPPAZ (1), Marie Dominique SALDUCCI (1), Puy LIM (2) & AndrĂ© GILLES (1) rÉsumÉ.-L'introduction d'espĂšces envahissantes et la destruction d'habitats naturels sont les principales causes de l'extinction des tĂ©lĂ©ostĂ©ens durant le siĂšcle dernier. L'introduction d'espĂšces peut reprĂ©senter un danger pour la survie des espĂšces endĂ©miques, tant au niveau Ă©cologique (compĂ©tition, prĂ©dation,
) que sur le plan gĂ©nĂ©tique, notamment suite aux phĂ©nomĂšnes d'hybridation et d'introgression qui ne font qu'exacerber la situation. C'est le cas de l'espĂšce endĂ©mique Chondrostoma t. toxostoma qui s'hybride avec l'espĂšce Chondrostoma n. nasus (introduite en 1860). Pour en Ă©tudier les consĂ©quences gĂ©nĂ©tiques, nous avons utilisĂ© sept populations de C. t. toxostoma, six populations de C. n. nasus et deux zones hybrides, reprĂ©sentant 568 spĂ©cimens. Nous avons utilisĂ© quatre caractĂšres mĂ©ristiques, 18 loci enzymatiques et 500 pb du gĂšne mitochondrial cytochrome b. Nous dĂ©montrons l'absence de barriĂšre reproductive entre les deux espĂšces de chondrostomes, la capacitĂ© introgressive de leur gĂ©nome tant au niveau mitochondrial que nuclĂ©aire et la survie des individus hybrides. La combinaison de ces trois diffĂ©rents marqueurs constitue un outil puissant dans la dĂ©tection des diffĂ©rents niveaux d'hybridation. Cette Ă©tude est la premiĂšre Ă  tenir compte de l'hybridation afin de protĂ©ger et de conserver l'espĂšce endĂ©mique Chondrostoma t. toxostoma. abstraCt.-Study of introgressive hybridization between Chondrostoma t. toxostoma and Chondrostoma n. nasus (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) using multiple approaches
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