Temperature-Dependent Sex Determination in Caretta Caretta on Two Georgia Barrier Islands

Loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, are threatened throughout their range. The Northern subpopulation nests along the coast of Georgia and northward and is less studied than the Southern subpopulation which nests in Florida. This study was conducted on Wassaw and Blackbeard Island NWRs, georgia from 2000-2003. It was determined that, for the variables mentioned, the current management practice of nest relocation was not affetcing the nests and/or hatchlings. A look at many biological parameters of C. caretta showed that many measurements, such as egg size and clutch size, had a relatively wide range whereas hatchling length had a narrow range. Nest temperature data revealed seasonal patterns of sex ratios that should be produced on these two islands. Males should be predominantly produced early in the nesting season, a female-biased sex ratio should be produced during the mid-season, and a mixed sex ration should be produced late in the season

Speaking for You: Positions of Montana Ranching Organizations on Beef Market Concentration

Beef market concentration continues to be a highly contentious issue; especially in the culture-­‐rich ranching industry of Montana. The agriculture industry, specifically the beef sector, has experienced a tremendous amount of integration and consolidation over the past 50 years. This amount of industry restructuring has crafted a beef backgrounding and processing sector with the highest rates of concentration ever witnessed, with a Concentration Ratio (CR4) reaching nearly 82%. This research aims to qualitatively investigate ranching organizational positions, on the topic of beef market concentration and potential impacts this has had on the organization and their members who are located and work in Montana. Attention from multi-­‐disciplinary organizations and industry leaders are contributing to the conversation of food production and consumption. Organizational positions lend insight to constituent concerns and the political and economic landscape of the day. Research findings suggest that the negative impacts of beef market concentration not only impact those who engage in the beef production chain, but are negatively impacting the beef industry as a whole. Challenges of beef market concentration, highlighted by Ranchers-­‐Cattlemens Action Legal Fund United States of America (R-­‐CALF USA), Western Organization of Resource Councils (WORC), Montana Farmers Union (MFU), Northern Plains Resource Council (NPRC), and the Montana Cattlemens Association (MCA), focus on exercise of meatpacker market power and elimination of market opportunities among small and mid-­‐scale beef producers, feedlot operators, and processors. Benefits of beef market concentration, expressed by the Montana Stockgrowers Association (MSA), Montana Cattlewomen (MCW), Montana Beef Council (MBC) and Montana Farm Bureau (MFB), include market opportunities and improved quality and safety standards through vertical integration, and improved efficiency decreasing overall negative environmental impacts

ERRORLESS ESTABLISHMENT OF A RIGHT-LEFT DISCRIMINATION IN RETARDATES

This study was concerned with the task of determining necessary steps for establishing an errorless method of discrimination training in a right-left problem. It was designed to establish a terminal motor response of the S placing the correct hand on a blank stimulus board in response to an auditory stimulus of Left or Right. To achieve this terminal response in a group of institutionalized retardates, stimuli of a previously learned color discrimination (pink and blue) were presented immediately following the corresponding auditory stimulus of Left or Right during each of the initial discrimination trials. To preclude or greatly diminish errors during the establishment of this discrimination, fading techniques were used to move the Ss from a discrimination controlled by visual (color) stimuli to one controlled by auditory stimuli ( Left or Right ). Results indicated the designed program, i.e. fading procedures, to be effective for precluding or diminishing errors to less than 10% for five of the nine Ss and for maintaining a correct response level of 70% or above for all Ss throughout procedures of fading. For three Ss who experienced difficulty, i .e. the correct response level fell below 90% at some point in fading, remedial manipulations of the visual and/or auditory stimuli were incorporated. The remedial procedures used for these Ss proved effective and the resultant data revealed possible considerations for redesigning the program. Remedial techniques were employed if Ss did not meet the response criterion while: 1) Generalizing from one set of stimulus components (experimental) to another (testing), 2) Fading from visual to auditory stimuli, 3) Discriminating initial differences between both visual and auditory stimuli, 4) Differentiating the motor response corresponding to the presented auditory and visual stimuli, and 5) Discriminating the reinforcing stimuli as discriminating stimuli for correct responses. The design of the present study was one which attempted to measure behavior before learning began and after a program had been completed, in addition to demonstrating that behavior can be successful while change is being implemented. This was an analytic task set by E in attempt to establish observable functional relations between S\u27s behavior (the dependent variable) and the program as originally designed (the independent variable). The individual analysis of behavior has as its primary concern the initiation of effective procedures. Therefore, this thesis dealt with a detailed analysis of the methodology involved in learning a right-left discrimination

Jeunes musulmans et citoyenneté culturelle : retour sur des expériences de recherche en Afrique de l’Ouest francophone

La question des jeunes est un élément essentiel pour comprendre les dynamiques de l’espace public et les pratiques citoyennes qui émergent dans l’Afrique d’aujourd’hui. Leur importance tient non seulement à leur poids démographique imposant, mais aussi à leur transformation, souvent dramatique, en tant qu’acteurs sociaux dans l’espace public africain au cours des années 1990. Cette transformation encourage la création de nouvelles formes de légitimité et de nouveaux espaces d’expression individuelle ou collective, et correspond à une mutation radicale de l’idée de citoyenneté, qui fait appel à de nouvelles ressources et qui remodèle les dynamiques nationales d’inclusion et d’exclusion. Ainsi, la constitution de nouveaux espaces d’expression encourage une conception moins restrictive de la participation citoyenne dans la mesure où les jeunes veulent faire entendre leur opinion et participer ouvertement aux divers débats de société. En lien avec les concepts de « citoyenneté culturelle » et de « contre-nation », nous nous proposons dans cet article d’examiner le rôle des jeunes dans le contexte de réaffirmation de l’identité islamique qui a marqué l’Afrique de l’Ouest francophone à partir des années 1980 et plus encore dans les années 1990, particulièrement dans les grands centres urbains du Sénégal, du Mali, du Burkina Faso et de la Côte d’Ivoire. Nous nous penchons plus spécifiquement sur la question du rapport entre jeunes (comme catégorie sociale), religion et espace public

Banana

This publication guide to eating, selecting, cooking, and storing bananas

Grapefruit

This publication guide to eating, selecting, cooking, and storing grapefruit

Les jeunes et la marginalisation à Montréal : la culture hip-hop francophone et les enjeux de l’intégration

La culture hip-hop est apparue au Québec dans les années 1980. À Montréal en particulier, différents groupes ethniques et culturels se sont approprié le rap et l’emploient comme un mode d’expression de leurs réalités quotidiennes, le transformant ainsi en un référent identitaire. Nous proposons que la culture hip-hop offre un espace d’intégration et d’adaptation à des jeunes de diverses origines ethniques et culturelles, souvent marginalisés au sein de la culture québécoise dominante. Loin d’être un instrument de résistance et de contestation mondialisé, adapté et manipulé sur le plan local, le rap québécois nous apparaît comme une stratégie d’intégration mise en place par de jeunes artistes qui visent ainsi à rendre leur culture davantage visible au sein de la société majoritaire, tant au niveau public que médiatique.Hip hop culture appeared and flourished in Quebec during the 1980’s. A variety of ethnic and cultural groups in Montreal have appropriated rap music as a vehicle for expressing the realities of their daily lives, and as such, hip hop has become a central reference point in the construction of identity. In this article we explain how hip hop culture offers a space where youth of diverse ethnic and cultural backgrounds, who are often marginalized from the dominant Québécois culture, can integrate and adapt to their environment. Rather than analyzing hip hop as a form of global contestation and resistance customized to a local setting, we interpret Québécois rap as a strategy for integration whereby young artists work to make their culture more visible in the public sphere and within the framework of media institutions of the larger society

Fluoroquinolones and Risk for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Canada

Fluoroquinolones were associated with MRSA colonization and infection