Periodontal disease and some adverse perinatal outcomes in a cohort of low risk pregnant women

Objective: To evaluate the association of periodontal disease (PD) in pregnancy with some adverse perinatal outcomes. Method: This cohort study included 327 pregnant women divided in groups with or without PD. Indexes of plaque and gingival bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level and gingival recession were evaluated at one periodontal examination below 32 weeks of gestation. The rates of preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW), small for gestational age (SGA) neonates and prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM) were evaluated using Risk Ratios (95%CI) and Population Attributable Risk Fractions. Results: PD was associated with a higher risk of PTB (RRadj. 3.47 95% CI 1.62-7.43), LBW (RRadj. 2.93 95% CI 1.36-6.34) and PROM (RRadj. 2.48 95% CI 1.35-4.56), but not with SGA neonates (RR 2.38 95% CI 0.93 - 6.10). Conclusions: PD was a risk factor for PT, LBW and PROM among Brazilian low risk pregnant women

Cold atoms in space: community workshop summary and proposed road-map

We summarise the discussions at a virtual Community Workshop on Cold Atoms in Space concerning the status of cold atom technologies, the prospective scientific and societal opportunities offered by their deployment in space, and the developments needed before cold atoms could be operated in space. The cold atom technologies discussed include atomic clocks, quantum gravimeters and accelerometers, and atom interferometers. Prospective applications include metrology, geodesy and measurement of terrestrial mass change due to, e.g., climate change, and fundamental science experiments such as tests of the equivalence principle, searches for dark matter, measurements of gravitational waves and tests of quantum mechanics. We review the current status of cold atom technologies and outline the requirements for their space qualification, including the development paths and the corresponding technical milestones, and identifying possible pathfinder missions to pave the way for missions to exploit the full potential of cold atoms in space. Finally, we present a first draft of a possible road-map for achieving these goals, that we propose for discussion by the interested cold atom, Earth Observation, fundamental physics and other prospective scientific user communities, together with the European Space Agency (ESA) and national space and research funding agencies

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Cold atoms in space: community workshop summary and proposed road-map

We summarise the discussions at a virtual Community Workshop on Cold Atoms in Space concerning the status of cold atom technologies, the prospective scientific and societal opportunities offered by their deployment in space, and the developments needed before cold atoms could be operated in space. The cold atom technologies discussed include atomic clocks, quantum gravimeters and accelerometers, and atom interferometers. Prospective applications include metrology, geodesy and measurement of terrestrial mass change due to, e.g., climate change, and fundamental science experiments such as tests of the equivalence principle, searches for dark matter, measurements of gravitational waves and tests of quantum mechanics. We review the current status of cold atom technologies and outline the requirements for their space qualification, including the development paths and the corresponding technical milestones, and identifying possible pathfinder missions to pave the way for missions to exploit the full potential of cold atoms in space. Finally, we present a first draft of a possible road-map for achieving these goals, that we propose for discussion by the interested cold atom, Earth Observation, fundamental physics and other prospective scientific user communities, together with the European Space Agency (ESA) and national space and research funding agencies.publishedVersio

Cold atoms in space: community workshop summary and proposed road-map

We summarise the discussions at a virtual Community Workshop on Cold Atoms in Space concerning the status of cold atom technologies, the prospective scientific and societal opportunities offered by their deployment in space, and the developments needed before cold atoms could be operated in space. The cold atom technologies discussed include atomic clocks, quantum gravimeters and accelerometers, and atom interferometers. Prospective applications include metrology, geodesy and measurement of terrestrial mass change due to, e.g., climate change, and fundamental science experiments such as tests of the equivalence principle, searches for dark matter, measurements of gravitational waves and tests of quantum mechanics. We review the current status of cold atom technologies and outline the requirements for their space qualification, including the development paths and the corresponding technical milestones, and identifying possible pathfinder missions to pave the way for missions to exploit the full potential of cold atoms in space. Finally, we present a first draft of a possible road-map for achieving these goals, that we propose for discussion by the interested cold atom, Earth Observation, fundamental physics and other prospective scientific user communities, together with the European Space Agency (ESA) and national space and research funding agencies

Terrestrial very-long-baseline atom interferometry: Workshop summary

This document presents a summary of the 2023 Terrestrial Very-Long-Baseline Atom Interferometry Workshop hosted by CERN. The workshop brought together experts from around the world to discuss the exciting developments in large-scale atom interferometer (AI) prototypes and their potential for detecting ultralight dark matter and gravitational waves. The primary objective of the workshop was to lay the groundwork for an international TVLBAI proto-collaboration. This collaboration aims to unite researchers from different institutions to strategize and secure funding for terrestrial large-scale AI projects. The ultimate goal is to create a roadmap detailing the design and technology choices for one or more kilometer--scale detectors, which will be operational in the mid-2030s. The key sections of this report present the physics case and technical challenges, together with a comprehensive overview of the discussions at the workshop together with the main conclusions

Periodontal disease and adverse perinatal outcomes in a pregnant women cohort

Orientadores: Antonio Wilson Sallum, Jose Guilherme CecattiDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a prevalência de doença periodontal em uma amostra de gestantes de baixo risco gestacional, os fatores a ela associados, e sua correlação com a ocorrência de resultados perinatais adversos, como parto pré-termo, recém-nascido de baixo peso, recém-nascido pequeno para a idade gestacional e amniorrexe prematura. Trata-se de um estudo de coorte com 334 gestantes fazendo acompanhamento pré-natal no Hospital das Clínicas da UNICAMP, que aceitaram participar voluntariamente e tiveram um único exame periodontal realizado no dia da consulta pré-natal. Os dados foram coletados da anamnese, do exame clínico periodontal e de informações relativas à gestação, parto e puerpério. Os parâmetros clínicos periodontais foram: índice de placa, índice de sangramento gengival à sondagem, profundidade de sondagem, nível de inserção clínica periodontal e retração gengival. As gestantes foram divididas em dois grupos: as com periodontite moderada a grave (P2-P4), e as sem doença ou com doença periodontal leve (P0-P1), pela classificação do índice WS. Avaliaram-se também a idade, paridade, raça, escolaridade, estado civil, hábitos alimentares, índice de massa corpórea (IMC), número de consultas de pré-natal, fumo, uso de bebidas e drogas, uso de medicação, vaginose bacteriana e doenças sistêmicas. Inicialmente foi utilizada uma abordagem analítica de corte transversal para a identificação de fatores associados à ocorrência de doença periodontal na gestação. Depois utilizou-se uma abordagem de estudo de coorte propriamente dito, estimando-se o risco de ocorrência dos resultados perinatais desfavoráveis (parto pré-termo, recém-nascido de baixo peso, recém-nascido pequeno para a idade gestacional e amniorrexe prematura, variáveis dependentes principais do estudo) em função da condição periodontal. Foram analisadas as distribuições de freqüência das variáveis independentes pelas categorias de doença periodontal, estimando-se a Razão de Prevalência e seu IC95% para abordagem transversal. Foi então realizada a análise uni e multivariada para a estimativa do risco de ocorrência das variáveis perinatais desfavoráveis na abordagem de coorte, calculando-se a Razão de Risco e seu IC95% para cada uma delas. Foi estabelecido o nível de significância de 5%. A prevalência de periodontite moderada a grave nas 334 gestantes foi de 47%, e se associou significativamente com a idade gestacional mais avançada ao exame periodontal (17-24 semanas: RP 1,40, IC95% 1,01-1,94; e 25-32 semanas: RP 1,52, IC95% 1,10-2,08), com a idade materna entre 25 e 29 anos (RP 1,65, IC95% 1,02-2,68), com a obesidade (RP 1,38, IC95% 1,04-1,82) e com a presença de sangramento gengival (ORajustado 2,01 - IC95% 1,41-2,88). Foram coletados os dados do parto de 327 gestantes e, entre elas, a doença periodontal esteve associada a um maior risco de ocorrência de parto pré-termo (RR 3,47 IC95% 1,62-7,43), de RN de baixo peso (RR 2,93 IC95% 1,36-6,34) e de amniorrexe prematura (RR 2,48 IC95% 1,35-4,56) na análise multivariada. A prevalência de doença periodontal entre gestantes de baixo risco gestacional é alta e associada com a maior idade gestacional, obesidade e sangramento gengival. A doença periodontal foi um fator de risco para a ocorrência de parto pré-termo, RN de baixo peso e de amniorrexe prematuraAbstract: This study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence of periodontal disease in a sample population of low-risk pregnant women, the factors associated with it and its correlation with the occurrence of adverse perinatal outcomes, including preterm births, low birth weigth, small for gestational age babies and premature rupture of the membranes. This cohort study included 334 pregnant women under prenatal care at the Hospital das Clinicas of the University of Campinas, Brazil, who voluntarily accepted to participate and had one single periodontal examination performed in the same day of a prenatal visit. Data was collected from anamnesis, periodontal clinical exam, and from information regarding pregnancy, delivery and postpartum. The clinical periodontal parameters were: plaque index, bleeding on probing index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level and gingival recession. Pregnant women were divided into two groups: those with moderate-to-severe periodontitis (P2-P4) and those with no disease or only mild disease (P0-P1), according to the WS classification index. Age, parity, race/color, years of schooling, marital status, number of prenatal visits, dietary habits, BMI (body mass index), smoking habits, use of alcohol and drugs, use of medication and presence of systemic diseases d bacterial vaginosis were also evaluated. Initially a cross sectional analytic approach was used for identifying factors associated with the occurrence of periodontal disease during pregnancy. After that, a real cohort approach was used, with the estimate of the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes (preterm birth, low birth weight, small for gestational age baby and premature rupture of membranes, the main dependent variables of this study) according to the condition of periodontal disease. Distribution of independent variables within the two groups was analyzed by calculating prevalence ratios and their respective 95% confidence intervals for the cross sectional approach. Uni and multivariate analysis for the estimation of the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes were performed for the cohort approach. The Risk Ratior and its 95%CI were estimated for each outcome. The significance level assumed was 5%. The prevalence of moderate to severe periodontitis in 334 pregnant women was 47%, and it was significantly associated with more advanced gestational age at periodontal examination (17-24 weeks: PR 1.40, 95%CI 1.01-1.94; and 25-32 weeks: PR 1.52, 95%CI 1.10 ¿ 2.08), with maternal age between 25 - 29 years (PR 1.65, 95%CI 1.02 ¿ 2.68), with obesity (PR 1.38, 95%CI 1.04 ¿ 1.82) and with the presence of gingival bleeding (ORadjusted 2.01, 95%CI 1.41 ¿ 2.88). The data of 327 deliveries were collected and, among them, the periodontal disease was associated to a higher risk of preterm birth (RR 3.47 95%CI 1.62-7.43), of low birth weight (RR 2.93 95%CI 1.36-6.34) and of premature rupture of membranes (RR 2.48 95%CI 1.35-4.56) in the multivariate analysis. The prevalence of periodontal disease among low-risk pregnant women is high and it is associated with more advanced gestational age, obesity and gingival bleeding. Periodontal disease was a risk factor for the occurrence of preterm birth, low birth weight and premature rupture of membranesMestradoPeriodontiaMestre em Clínica Odontológic

Periodontal disease and some adverse perinatal outcomes in a cohort of low risk pregnant women

Abstract Objective To evaluate the association of periodontal disease (PD) in pregnancy with some adverse perinatal outcomes. Method This cohort study included 327 pregnant women divided in groups with or without PD. Indexes of plaque and gingival bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level and gingival recession were evaluated at one periodontal examination below 32 weeks of gestation. The rates of preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW), small for gestational age (SGA) neonates and prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM) were evaluated using Risk Ratios (95%CI) and Population Attributable Risk Fractions. Results PD was associated with a higher risk of PTB (RRadj. 3.47 95%CI 1.62-7.43), LBW (RRadj. 2.93 95%CI 1.36-6.34) and PROM (RRadj. 2.48 95%CI 1.35-4.56), but not with SGA neonates (RR 2.38 95%CI 0.93 - 6.10). Conclusions PD was a risk factor for PT, LBW and PROM among Brazilian low risk pregnant women.</p