Rock powder as a tool in the production of arugula seedlings in substrates

The interaction between rock powder and substrates in arugula and the amount to be used of this remineralizer are not elucidated. Thus, the objective of the study was to investigate whether substrates associated with rock powder interfere with the phytometric morphology of seedlings and to understand the effect of remineralizer proportions, added to commercial substrate, on the development of arugula seedlings. We performed two experiments. In experiment I, the treatments were three substrates in the absence and presence of rock powder (30% of the container volume), designed in randomized blocks, with three replications. In experiment II, the treatments were six rock powder proportions (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% of the container volume), designed in randomized blocks, with three replications. In experiment I, the seedlings produced in the substrate Horta 2® had better phytometric quality. In experiment II, shoot fresh mass and seedling root volume increased until the addition of 15% rock powder to the Horta 2® substrate and decreased with proportions of 20% and 25%. It is concluded that substrates with greater water retention enhance the quality of seedlings. Increasing the proportion of this remineralizer up to 15% of the container volume improves aerial biomass and root volume of arugula seedlings.La interacción entre el polvo de roca y los sustratos en la rúcula y la cantidad a utilizar de este remineralizador no están dilucidadas. Así, el objetivo del estudio fue investigar si los sustratos asociados a polvo de roca interfieren en la morfología fitométrica de las plántulas y comprender el efecto de las proporciones de remineralizante, añadidas en sustrato comercial, sobre el desarrollo de plántulas de rúcula. Realizamos dos experimentos. En el experimento I, los tratamientos fueron tres sustratos en ausencia y presencia de polvo de roca (30% del volumen del contenedor), diseñados en bloques al azar, con tres repeticiones. En el experimento II, los tratamientos fueron seis proporciones de polvo de roca (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% y 25% del volumen del recipiente), diseñados en bloques al azar, con tres repeticiones. En el experimento I, las plántulas producidas en el sustrato Horta 2® tuvieron mejor calidad fitométrica. En el experimento II, la masa fresca de brotes y el volumen de raíces de las plántulas aumentaron hasta la adición de un 15% de polvo de roca al sustrato Horta 2® y disminuyeron con proporciones de 20% y 25%. Se concluye que los sustratos con mayor retención de agua mejoran la calidad de las plántulas. Aumentar la proporción de este remineralizador hasta un 15% del volumen del contenedor mejora la biomasa aérea y el volumen de raíces de las plántulas de rúcula.The interaction between rock powder and substrates in arugula and the amount to be used of this remineralizer are not elucidated. Thus, the objective of the study was to investigate whether substrates associated with rock powder interfere with the phytometric morphology of seedlings and to understand the effect of remineralizer proportions, added to commercial substrate, on the development of arugula seedlings. We performed two experiments. In experiment I, the treatments were three substrates in the absence and presence of rock powder (30% of the container volume), designed in randomized blocks, with three replications. In experiment II, the treatments were six rock powder proportions (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% of the container volume), designed in randomized blocks, with three replications. In experiment I, the seedlings produced in the substrate Horta 2® had better phytometric quality. In experiment II, shoot fresh mass and seedling root volume increased until the addition of 15% rock powder to the Horta 2® substrate and decreased with proportions of 20% and 25%. There is no interactive effect between substrates and rock powder in the production of arugula seedlings in containers. Substrates with greater water retention enhance the quality of arugula seedlings because they improve their phytometric morphology. Proportions of rock powder added to the Horta 2® substrate interfere with the shoot and root system morphology of the seedlings. The increase in the proportion of this remineralizer up to 15% of the container volume, added to the growth medium, improves the aerial biomass and the root volume of arugula seedlings, ‘Donatella’ cultivar

Efeitos do treinamento muscular inspiratório no controle autonômico: revisão sistemática

The autonomic nervous system dysfunction has an important role on the physiopathology of some diseases. A possible option to improve the autonomic control is the inspiratory muscle training (IMT). The aim of this study was to systematically review the available literature about the effects of this training modality on autonomic control. A search was performed for controlled and randomized clinical trials on database MEDLINE, PEDro, SciELO and LILACS by two independent reviewers, who also evaluated the methodologic quality (PEDro scale). 181 articles were found and, after elegibility criteria analysis, four studies were included. The included studies showed good methodological quality and assessed the effect of IMT on the autonomic control of participants with risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The autonomic control was evaluated by heart rate variability (HRV) analysis and by noradrenaline plasma levels. The IMT improved autonomic control in 3 studies, reducing the sympathetic nervous system (noradrenaline plasma levels; LF nu – HRV) and increasing the vagal nervous system (HF un – HRV). It is concluded that IMT may be a therapeutic alternative to improve the autonomic control.A disfunção do sistema nervoso autônomo tem papel importante na fisiopatologia de diversas doenças. Uma possível maneira de melhorar o controle autonômico é o treinamento muscular inspiratório (TMI), sendo o objetivo deste estudo revisar sistematicamente a literatura disponível sobre os efeitos desta modalidade. Dois revisores buscaram ensaios clínicos controlados e randomizados nas bases de dados MEDLINE, PEDro, SciELO e LILACS, avaliando também sua qualidade metodológica (escala de PEDro). Foram encontrados 181 artigos e, após verificar os critérios de elegibilidade, foram incluídos quatro pesquisas que avaliaram o efeito do TMI sobre o controle autonômico de participantes com fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares, por meio da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) e dos níveis plasmáticos de noradrenalina. O TMI melhorou o controle autonômico em três estudos, reduzindo a atividade nervosa simpática (níveis plasmáticos de noradrenalina; LF u.n. - VFC) e aumentando a atividade nervosa vagal (HF u.n. - VFC). Conclui-se que o TMI parece ser uma alternativa terapêutica para melhorar o controle autonômico

Los efectos del entrenamiento muscular inspiratorio en el control autonómico: la revisión sistemática

The autonomic nervous system dysfunction has an important role on the physiopathology of some diseases. A possible option to improve the autonomic control is the inspiratory muscle training (IMT). The aim of this study was to systematically review the available literature about the effects of this training modality on autonomic control. A search was performed for controlled and randomized clinical trials on database MEDLINE, PEDro, SciELO and LILACS by two independent reviewers, who also evaluated the methodologic quality (PEDro scale). 181 articles were found and, after elegibility criteria analysis, four studies were included. The included studies showed good methodological quality and assessed the effect of IMT on the autonomic control of participants with risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The autonomic control was evaluated by heart rate variability (HRV) analysis and by noradrenaline plasma levels. The IMT improved autonomic control in 3 studies, reducing the sympathetic nervous system (noradrenaline plasma levels; LF nu – HRV) and increasing the vagal nervous system (HF un – HRV). It is concluded that IMT may be a therapeutic alternative to improve the autonomic control. Keywords | Breathing Exercises; Exercise; Autonomic Nervous System; PhysiopathologyLa disfunción del sistema nervioso autonómico tiene el papel importante en la fisiopatología de diversas enfermedades. Una posible manera de mejorar el control autonómico es el entrenamiento muscular inspiratorio (TMI), siendo el objetivo del presente estudio revisar sistemáticamente la literatura disponible sobre los efectos de esta modalidad de entrenamiento sobre la función autonómica. Ha sido realizada la búsqueda por ensayos clínicos controlados y aleatorizados en las bases de datos MEDLINE, PEDro, SciELO y LILACS por dos revisores independientes, que también han evaluado la cualidad metodológica (escala de PEDro). Han sido encontrados 181 artículos y, después de certificar los criterios de elegibilidad, han sido incluidos cuatro estudios. Los estudios que han sido incluidos han presentado buena cualidad metodológica y han evaluado el efecto del TMI sobre el control autonómico de los participantes con factores de riesgo para las enfermedades cardiovasculares. El control autonómico ha sido evaluado por el análisis de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca (VFC) y por medio de los niveles plasmáticos de noradrenalina. El TMI ha mejorado el control autonómico en tres estudios, reduciendo la actividad nerviosa simpática (los niveles plasmáticos de noradrenalina; LF u.n. – VFC) e incrementando la actividad nerviosa vagal (HF u.n. – VFC). Se concluye que el TMI parece ser alternativa terapéutica para mejorar el control autonómico.A disfunção do sistema nervoso autônomo tem papel importante na fisiopatologia de diversas doenças. Uma possível maneira de melhorar o controle autonômico é o treinamento muscular inspiratório (TMI), sendo o objetivo deste estudo revisar sistematicamente a literatura disponível sobre os efeitos desta modalidade. Dois revisores buscaram ensaios clínicos controlados e randomizados nas bases de dados MEDLINE, PEDro, SciELO e LILACS, avaliando também sua qualidade metodológica (escala de PEDro). Foram encontrados 181 artigos e, após verificar os critérios de elegibilidade, foram incluídos quatro pesquisas que avaliaram o efeito do TMI sobre o controle autonômico de participantes com fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares, por meio da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) e dos níveis plasmáticos de noradrenalina. O TMI melhorou o controle autonômico em três estudos, reduzindo a atividade nervosa simpática (níveis plasmáticos de noradrenalina; LF u.n. – VFC) e aumentando a atividade nervosa vagal (HF u.n. – VFC). Conclui-se que o TMI parece ser uma alternativa terapêutica para melhorar o controle autonômico

Desempenho profissional ou doméstico das pacientes em quimioterapia para câncer de mama

OBJETIVOS: Analisar os aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos, desempenho profissional e doméstico nas pacientes com câncer de mama em tratamento quimioterápico. MÉTODOS: O estudo foi transversal, com 52 mulheres entrevistadas, divididas em dois grupos: afastadas e não afastadas das atividades profissionais e domésticas, durante o tratamento com quimioterapia para câncer de mama. As pacientes foram provenientes de dois hospitais, um situado no município de Santo André e o outro no município de São Bernardo do Campo. Ambos são hospitais públicos de referência, que atendem a população de Santo André, São Bernardo do Campo, São Caetano do Sul, Diadema e Mauá, que são municípios vizinhos, pertencentes ao Estado de São Paulo, próximos da capital. Utilizou-se o questionário WPAI-GH (Work Productitity and Actitity Impairment) para avaliar a atividade profissional e/ou doméstica das pacientes. RESULTADOS: As pacientes tinham idade média de 55,7 anos (dp=13,8), a maior parte de etnia branca (88,5%), casada (55,8%), assalariada (65,3%) e a maioria se afastou das atividades (51,0%), com estadiamento da doença mais avançado (pOBJECTIVES: Evaluate patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy with respect to their epidemiologic and clinical variables as well as performance at work or at home. METHODS: this was a cross-sectional study including 52 women interviewed during breast cancer chemotherapy, stratified in two groups: those who continued to work and do household tasks, and did not continue to work or do household tasks. Patients were from two public hospitals in the State of São Paulo, one in Santo Andre and the other in São Bernardo do Campo. The WPAI - GH (Work Productivity and Activity Impairment) questionnaire was used to evaluate work and household performance of professionals or housewives, respectively. RESULTS: Mean age of the patients was 55.7 (SD=13.8), most were Caucasian (88.5%), married (55.8%), employed (65.3%) and the majority had to stop working because of treatment (51.0%), at more advanced stage (p<0.05), fatigue and nausea (p<0.05). Mean WPAI - GH was 67.04 (|SD = 5.62) for patients who stopped working and 49.17 (SD = 6.89) for those who continued to work (Mann-Whitney U test: p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Chemotherapy leads to a decrease in performance of a sizable fraction of women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. A more advanced stage of neoplasia was positively associated with withdrawal from these activities probably due to side effects such as fatigue and nausea

Premaxillary - maxillary suture: topographical and temporal aspects of its presence

Objetivo: Estudar e compreender aspectos topográficos e temporais do osso pré-maxilar e da sutura pré-maxilar - maxilar, por serem elementos anatômicos fundamentais pouquíssimos explorados clinicamente. Material e métodos: Foram avaliados 1138 crânios secos humanos, sendo que 116 (10,19%) dos espécimes eram crianças, e 1067 (89,81%) adultos. Os crânios foram fotografados e determinada a porcentagem de abertura da sutura pré-maxilar - maxilar. Posteriormente os dados foram tabulados e submetidos a análise estatística, adotando-se nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: A progressão de fechamento da sutura pré-maxila - maxilar foi de 3,72% ao ano. Em 100% dos crânios até 12 anos observou-se a sutura pré-maxilar - maxilar abertas na região palatina, enquanto 6,16% dos adultos. Conclusões: A pré-maxila existe de forma independente dentro do complexo maxilar e a presença da sutura pré-maxila - maxilar justifica o sucesso de expansões anteroposterior para o crescimento do terço médio da face e solução problemas anatômicos e funcionaisObjective: To study and understand topographic and temporal aspects of premaxillary bone and premaxillary-maxillary suture, because they are fundamental anatomical elements that are rarely explored clinically. Material and methods: 1138 human dry skulls were evaluated, of which 116 (10,19%) of the specimens were children, and 1067 (89,81%) were adults. The skulls were photographed and the percentage of opening of the premaxillary - maxillary suture was determined. Subsequently the data were tabulated and submitted to statistical analysis, adopting a level of significance of 5%. Results: The progression of premaxillary suture closure was 3.72% per year. In 100% of the skulls up to 12 years the premaxillary suture was observed open in the palatal region, while 6.16% of adults. Conclusions: The premaxilla exists in an independ way within the maxillary complex and the presence of the premaxilla-maxillary suture justifies the success of anteroposterior expansions of the maxillary complex and solves anatomical and functional problem

Premaxillary - maxillary suture: topographical and temporal aspects of its presence

Objetivo: Estudar e compreender aspectos topográficos e temporais do osso pré-maxilar e da sutura pré-maxilar - maxilar, por serem elementos anatômicos fundamentais pouquíssimos explorados clinicamente. Material e métodos: Foram avaliados 1138 crânios secos humanos, sendo que 116 (10,19%) dos espécimes eram crianças, e 1067 (89,81%) adultos. Os crânios foram fotografados e determinada a porcentagem de abertura da sutura pré-maxilar - maxilar. Posteriormente os dados foram tabulados e submetidos a análise estatística, adotando-se nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: A progressão de fechamento da sutura pré-maxila - maxilar foi de 3,72% ao ano. Em 100% dos crânios até 12 anos observou-se a sutura pré-maxilar - maxilar abertas na região palatina, enquanto 6,16% dos adultos. Conclusões: A pré-maxila existe de forma independente dentro do complexo maxilar e a presença da sutura pré-maxila - maxilar justifica o sucesso de expansões anteroposterior para o crescimento do terço médio da face e solução problemas anatômicos e funcionaisObjective: To study and understand topographic and temporal aspects of premaxillary bone and premaxillary-maxillary suture, because they are fundamental anatomical elements that are rarely explored clinically. Material and methods: 1138 human dry skulls were evaluated, of which 116 (10,19%) of the specimens were children, and 1067 (89,81%) were adults. The skulls were photographed and the percentage of opening of the premaxillary - maxillary suture was determined. Subsequently the data were tabulated and submitted to statistical analysis, adopting a level of significance of 5%. Results: The progression of premaxillary suture closure was 3.72% per year. In 100% of the skulls up to 12 years the premaxillary suture was observed open in the palatal region, while 6.16% of adults. Conclusions: The premaxilla exists in an independ way within the maxillary complex and the presence of the premaxilla-maxillary suture justifies the success of anteroposterior expansions of the maxillary complex and solves anatomical and functional problem