Waste-based biosorbents as cost-effective alternatives to commercial adsorbents for the retention of fluoxetine from water

Supplementary data to this article can be found online at https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116139.The goal of this study is to demonstrate that waste-based biosorbents can be cost-effective and green alternatives to commercial adsorbents for the retention of pharmaceuticals. Adsorption kinetics and equilibrium measurements allowed the determination of the adsorption capacity of commercial adsorbents (GAC - granular activated carbon and two synthetic zeolites) and waste-based biosorbents (SCG - spent coffee grounds, pine bark and cork waste) for the retention of fluoxetine from water. For commercial adsorbents, the maximum adsorption capacities followed the order GAC (233.5mg/g)>zeolite 13× (32.11mg/g)>zeolite 4A (21.86mg/g), while for low-cost biosorbents, the sequence was SCG (14.31mg/g)>pine bark (6.53mg/g)>cork waste (4.74mg/g). The economic feasibility of the adsorbents/biosorbents was examined through a detailed cost analysis. Commercial adsorbents present higher costs per gram of fluoxetine removed (6.85 /g, 3.13 /g and 1.07 /g zeolite 4 A, zeolite 13× and GAC, respectively) when compared to low-cost biosorbents (0.92 /g, 0.41 /g and 0.16 /g for pine bark, cork waste and SCG, respectively). It was found that SCG is the most economically viable option for fluoxetine removal, while cork waste, the second less expensive, is the most environmentally friendly biosorbent since its preparation does not generate any solid or liquid wastes. This manuscript demonstrates that the conversion of waste materials into adsorbents has a double environmental benefit for both improving waste management and protecting the environment.This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the research project PTDC/ AAG-TEC/5269/2014, the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2013 unit and COMPETE 2020 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006684) and BioTecNorte operation (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004) funded by the European Regional Development Fund under the scope of Norte2020 - Programa Operacional Regional do Norte. Bruna Silva thanks FCT for a postdoctoral grant (SFRH/BPD/112354/2015).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Application of an Ionic Liquid in the Microwave Assisted Extraction of Cytotoxic Metabolites from Fruits of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae)

This work reports the application of an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, BMImBr) in the microwave assisted extraction (MAE) of metabolites from fruits of Schinus terebinthifolius. Dried fruits were individually extracted using BMImBr: H2O 1: 1, v/v (experiment 1) and pure H2O (experiment 2) by MAE (10 min at 60 degrees C). After partition using EtOAc, the yield to experiment 1 was about 23% while to experiment 2 was 0.1%. The EtOAc fraction obtained from experiment 1 was purified by chromatographic methods to afford 3-oxotirucalla-7,24Z-dien27- oic acid, 3a-hydroxytirucalla-7,24Z-dien-27-oic acid, 3 alpha-acetoxytirucalla-7,24Z-dien-27-oic acid, gallic acid, and ethyl gallate, being the first occurrence of the third compound as natural product. Cytotoxic activity was evaluated in vitro against cancer cell lines (A2058, HeLa, SiHa, HCT, SKBR-3, U87, and B16F2Nex2), being 3 alpha-acetoxytirucalla-7,24Z-dien-27-oic acid the more active metabolite with IC50 ranging from 10.9 +/- 1.3 to 17.3 +/- 1.4 mu g mL(-1), lower than that determined to positive control cisplatin.FAPESPCAPESCNPqInstituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 09972-270 Diadema-SP, BrazilDepartamento de Micro, Imuno e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 04023-062 São Paulo-SP, BrazilInstituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 09972-270 Diadema-SP, BrazilDepartamento de Micro, Imuno e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 04023-062 São Paulo-SP, BrazilFAPESP: BIOTA 2011/51739-6FAPESP: 2015/11936-2Web of Scienc

Síndrome de Graham-Little-Piccardi-Lasseur: Relato de Um Caso

Graham-Little-Piccardi-Lasseur Syndrome (SGLPL) is characterized by a progressive multifocal scarring alopecia of the scalp associated with disseminated follicular hyperkeratosis and non-scarring axillary and pubic hypotrichosis. These clinical aspects may occur simultaneously, although alopecia of the scalp often precedes the other findings in months to years. It affects mainly adult females and is considered a rare disease. Treatment is challenging with many suggested medications but with controversial results. We report the case of a female patient with an area of alopecia in the right parietal region, paravertebral violaceous pruritic polygonal papules, hyperchromic macules with white reticular lesions on the oral mucosa as well as a slight hypotrichosis of the axillae. A slight improvement was observed after oral hidroxizine associated with topical clobetasol propionate and intralesional betamethasone in the limits of the alopecic area.A Síndrome de Graham-Little-Piccardi-Lasseur (SGLPL), variante folicular do Liquen Plano, caracteriza-se por apresentar, progressivamente: alopecia cicatricial multifocal do couro cabeludo associada a queratose folicular disseminada e hipotricose não cicatricial axilar e púbica. Os achados clínicos da síndrome podem estar presentes simultaneamente, embora a alopecia do couro cabeludo muitas vezes preceda os outros achados em meses a anos. Atinge principalmente mulheres na idade adulta, sendo considerada uma doença rara. A terapêutica desta dermatose é um desafio, apresentando resultados controversos. Relatamos o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino, 75 anos, apresentando área de alopecia na região parietal direita, pápulas violáceas poligonais pruriginosas paravertebrais, máculas hipercrômicas com rendilhado branco na mucosa oral além de discreta diminuição dos pelos axilares. Após uso de hidroxizina associada à aplicação de propionato de clobetasol tópico e betametasona intralesional na placa alopécica observamos discreta melhoria

Explorando os efeitos da sincronização do segundo estro e flushing alimentar sobre a incidência de cistos ovarianos em marrãs utilizando gonadotrofinas exógenas

Estrus stimulation by exogenous gonadotropins (EG) in association with dietary flushing is an important tool for the improvement of gilt reproductive performance. However, there is evidence associating both flushing and EG with a disturbance in the endocrine balance that could lead to increased ovarian cysts. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether flushing or EG might affect the ovulation rate and the incidence of ovarian cysts. Seventy-one gilts were randomly distributed into 2x2 factorial design with four treatments: flushing and hormone (wFwH); no flushing and hormone (nFwH); flushing without hormone (wFnH); and neither flushing nor hormone (nFnH). Gilts were slaughtered for macroscopic and histopathological ovary examination approximately five days after AI. The characterization of these cysts was performed by optical microscopy in the following: follicular cysts (FC), luteinized cysts (LC) or cystic corpora lutea (CCL). The number of ovulations did not differ between treatments. There was no interaction between the factors in any analyzed variable. The frequency of gilts with CCL and LC was not affected by flushing and EG. No difference was found in the incidence of FC, with 12.5% and 5.88% in gilts from wFwH and nFwH treatments, respectively. There were no differences in the proportion of CCL between FC and LC (9.85 vs. 4.22 and 4.22%, respectively). In conclusion, the use of exogenous gonadotropins for second estrus synchronization in gilts, either alone or in association with dietary flushing, does not increase the incidence of ovarian cysts, nor does it decrease the ovulation rate.A estimulação do estro por gonadotrofinas exógenas (GE) associada ao flushing alimentar é uma ferramenta importante na melhoria do desempenho reprodutivo de marrãs. Contudo, há evidência da associação do flushing com GE levando ao desequilíbrio no sistema endócrino que poderia levar ao aumento de cistos ovarianos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se o flushing ou GE pode afetar a taxa de ovulação e a incidência de cistos ovarianos. Setenta e uma marrãs foram distribuídas aleatoriamente em arranjo fatorial 2x2 com quatro tratamentos: flushing e hormônio (cFcH); sem flushing e com hormônio (sFcH); com flushing e sem hormônio (cFsH) e sem flushing e hormônio (sFsH). Marrãs foram abatidas para exame macroscópico e histopatológico dos ovários, aproximadamente cinco dias após IA. A caracterização desses cistos foi realizada por microscopia óptica: cistos foliculares (CF), cistos luteinizados (CL) ou corpos lúteos císticos (CCL). O número de ovulações não diferiu entre os tratamentos. Não houve interação entre os fatores em qualquer variável analisada. A frequência de leitoas com CCL e CL não foi afetada pelo flushing e GE. Não houve diferença na incidência de CF, com 12,5% e 5,88 % em leitoas dos tratamentos cFcH e sFcH, respectivamente. Não foram obtidas diferenças na proporção de CCL entre CF e CL (9,85 vs. 4,22 e 4,22%, respectivamente). Em conclusão, a utilização de gonadotrofinas exógenas para sincronização do segundo estro de marrãs, isoladamente ou em associação com o flushing, não aumenta a incidência de cistos ovarianos e não diminui a taxa de ovulação

Patologias atuais: a compulsão e a sociedade dos excessos: Current pathologies: compulsion and the society of excesses

O artigo em tela tem por objetivo analisar os aspectos biopsicossociais da conduta compulsiva de consumo. Propõe-se a apresentar os elementos psicológicos contidos nesse comportamento, além de verificar quais são os resultados decorrentes dessa compulsão. O consumo compulsivo, também chamado de oniomania, é um transtorno causado pela ansiedade despertada pela necessidade de comprar e saciada, somente, quando é materializada a aquisição daquilo que se deseja comprar. O estudo em questão pode ser classificado como sendo de cunho bibliográfico, a partir da análise de documentos publicados em forma de artigos científicos e livros em formato digital

Educomunicação, Transformação Social e Desenvolvimento Sustentável

Esta publicação apresenta os principais trabalhos dos GTs do II Congresso Internacional de Comunicação e Educação nos temas Transformação social, com os artigos que abordam principalmente Educomunicação e/ou Mídia-Educação, no contexto de políticas de diversidade, inclusão e equidade; e, em Desenvolvimento Sustentável os artigos que abordam os avanços da relação comunicação/educação no contexto da educação ambiental e desenvolvimento sustentável

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Auxílio Emergencial em tempos de pandemia

This article investigates the international panorama of the implementation of Emergency Income in context of the Coronavirus pandemic. To this, we use: a) the database of Social Protection and Jobs Responses to Covid-19 (World Bank) produced from the survey on 5 continents; (b) data from newspaper articles around the world and c) data from the official websites of local governments in different regions of the globe. Particularly in Brazil, we found several adversities of this emergency policy: the long lines for registration of the benefit generating agglomeration; initial difficulties regarding non-regularized CPF; the delay in making the decision to pay the aid; the precariousness of human resources; little familiarity with digital technologies among the poorest population; and the problems of horizontal and vertical inefficiency. Lastly, this study aims to bring contributions to the conflictual relation between State and Society in times of health crisis.Este artigo investiga o panorama internacional da implementação do Auxílio Emergencial no contexto da pandemia do Coronavírus. Para tanto, utilizamos: a) a base de dados do Social Protection and Jobs Responses to Covid-19 (Banco Mundial) produzida a partir do levantamento em 5 continentes; b) os dados provenientes de matérias de jornais ao redor do mundo e c) dados dos sites oficiais dos governos locais em diferentes regiões do globo. Em particular no Brasil, encontramos várias adversidades dessa política emergencial: as longas filas para cadastramento do benefício gerando aglomeração; dificuldades iniciais quanto ao CPF não regularizado; a demora na tomada de decisão para o pagamento do auxílio; a precariedade dos recursos humanos; pouco conhecimento com as tecnologias digitais entre a população mais vulnerável e os problemas de ineficiências horizontal e vertical. Por fim, este estudo pretende trazer contribuições à relação conflituosa entre Estado e Sociedade em tempo de crise sanitária