Coulomb dissociation of N 20,21

Neutron-rich light nuclei and their reactions play an important role in the creation of chemical elements. Here, data from a Coulomb dissociation experiment on N20,21 are reported. Relativistic N20,21 ions impinged on a lead target and the Coulomb dissociation cross section was determined in a kinematically complete experiment. Using the detailed balance theorem, the N19(n,γ)N20 and N20(n,γ)N21 excitation functions and thermonuclear reaction rates have been determined. The N19(n,γ)N20 rate is up to a factor of 5 higher at

Natural Cannabinoids Improve Dopamine Neurotransmission and Tau and Amyloid Pathology in a Mouse Model of Tauopathy

Abstract. Cannabinoids are neuroprotective in models of neurodegenerative dementias. Their effects are mostly mediated through CB1 and CB2 receptor-dependent modulation of excitotoxicity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and other processes. We tested the effects of Sativex ® , a mixture of 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol, acting on both CB1 and CB2 receptors, in parkin-null, human tau overexpressing (PK −/− /Tau VLW ) mice, a model of complex frontotemporal dementia, parkinsonism, and lower motor neuron disease. The animals received Sativex ® , 4.63 mg/kg, ip, daily, for one month, at six months of age, at the onset of the clinical symptoms. We evaluated the effects of Sativex ® on behavior, dopamine neurotransmission, glial activation, redox state, mitochondrial activity, and deposition of abnormal proteins. PK −/− /Tau VLW mice developed the neurological deficits, but those treated with Sativex ® showed less abnormal behaviors related to stress, less auto and hetero-aggression, and less stereotypy. Sativex ® significantly reduced the intraneuronal, MAO-related free radicals produced during dopamine metabolism in the limbic system. Sativex ® also decreased gliosis in cortex and hippocampus, increased the ratio reduced/oxidized glutathione in the limbic system, reduced the levels of iNOS, and increased those of complex IV in the cerebral cortex. With regard to tau and amyloid pathology, Sativex ® reduced the deposition of both in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of PK −/− /Tau VLW mice and increased autophagy. Sativex ® , even after a short administration in animals with present behavioral and pathological abnormalities, improves the phenotype, the oxidative stress, and the deposition of proteins in PK −/− /Tau VLW mice, a model of complex neurodegenerative disorders

Momentum distributions of projectile spectators: a new tool to investigate the equation of state of nuclear matter

PAC

Evidence for core excitation in single-particle states of 19Na

We present an experimental study of 19Na states in the excitation energy range between 2 and 3 MeV. The presence of 19Na single-particle levels at these energies was first predicted by a microscopic cluster model and then experimentally confirmed by measuring the elastic and inelastic scattering of a 66 MeV 18Ne radioactive beam on a (CH2)n target. The H(18Ne, p)18Ne(g.s.) and H(18Ne, p′)18Ne*(2+, 1.887   MeV) cross sections have been obtained in the laboratory angular range θlab = 6.1 ° - 18.4 ° and analyzed by using the R-matrix method. Two new states in 19Na have been observed at centre-of-mass energies Ec .m .= 2.78 ± 0.01   MeV and 3.09 ± 0.05   MeV. Both resonances exhibit large widths in the 18Ne (2+) + p channel, and low branching ratios into the elastic channel. The reduced proton widths confirm the single-particle nature of these states, with a 18Ne (2+) + p structure. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Residual nuclei produced by spallation reactions

A precise knowledge of all the isotopes produced in spallation reactions is necessary to predict induced radioactivity and chemical modifications in spallation targets. Experimental data recently obtained using the reverse kinematics technique are presented. New, more complete, preliminary experimental results on the Fe+p system are shown. These measurements of residual nuclei production in iron can be used directly to assess changes and damage created by spallation in an ADS metallic window