Nanoparticle systems for cancer phototherapy: An overview

465687/2014-8). Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) are photo-mediated treatments with different mechanisms of action that can be addressed for cancer treatment. Both phototherapies are highly successful and barely or non-invasive types of treatment that have gained attention in the past few years. The death of cancer cells because of the application of these therapies is caused by the formation of reactive oxygen species, that leads to oxidative stress for the case of photodynamic therapy and the generation of heat for the case of photothermal therapies. The advancement of nanotechnology allowed significant benefit to these therapies using nanoparticles, allowing both tuning of the process and an increase of effectiveness. The encapsulation of drugs, development of the most different organic and inorganic nanoparticles as well as the possibility of surfaces’ functionalization are some strategies used to combine phototherapy and nanotechnology, with the aim of an effective treatment with minimal side effects. This article presents an overview on the use of nanostructures in association with phototherapy, in the view of cancer treatment.publishersversionpublishe

Fabry disease: clinical and genotypic aspects of three cases in first degree relatives

Fabry disease is an X-linked, lysosomal storage disease caused by the inherited deficiency of the enzyme α-galactosidase A. The diagnosis is usually late, with renal, cardiovascular and/or cerebral complications that reduce life expectancy. Angiokeratomas are asymptomatic lesions present as the initial manifestation and usually less appreciated. Their detection is important for early diagnosis and institution of treatment with enzyme replacement therapy, which prevents late complications reducing morbidity and mortality. We report a case of a male teenager with acroparestesias and angiokeratomas. Family medical research discovered that his mother and brother had similar signs and symptoms and that the three patients had the same mutation in the gene encoding the enzyme, confirming the diagnosis.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Dermatology DepartmentUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Dermatology and Pathology departmentsUNIFESP, EPM, Dermatology DepartmentUNIFESP, EPM, Dermatology and Pathology departmentsSciEL

Studies Needed to Address Public Health Challenges of the 2009 H1N1 Influenza Pandemic: Insights from Modeling

In light of the 2009 influenza pandemic and potential future pandemics, Maria Van Kerkhove and colleagues anticipate six public health challenges and the data needed to support sound public health decision making.The authors acknowledge support from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (MDVK, CF, NMF); Royal Society (CF); Medical Research Council (MDVK, CF, PJW, NMF); EU FP7 programme (NMF); UK Health Protection Agency (PJW); US National Institutes of Health Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study program through cooperative agreement 1U54GM088588 (ML); NIH Director's Pioneer Award, DP1-OD000490-01 (DS); EU FP7 grant EMPERIE 223498 (DS); the Wellcome Trust (DS); 3R01TW008246-01S1 from Fogerty International Center and RAPIDD program from Fogerty International Center with the Science & Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security (SR); and the Institut de Veille Sanitaire Sanitaire funded by the French Ministry of Health (J-CD). The funders played no role in the decision to submit the article or in its preparation

Combined effects of temperature and dietary lipid level on body composition, growth, and freshness profile in european seabass, dicentrarchus labrax

The effects of increasing temperature and dietary lipid level on the body composition, growth performance, and freshness profile of the European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were evaluated through a fish trial lasting 56 days. Findings demonstrated that fish reared at 24 °C presented a lower lipid level and a higher daily growth index than those reared at 20 °C. On the other hand, the sea bass condition index did not change among treatments. Additionally, sensory analysis (the Quality Index Method) and microbiological analysis revealed that fish reared at 24 °C showed better freshness conditions than those at 20 °C. Nevertheless, the dietary lipid level did not have any influence on fish freshness conditions. Therefore, our data suggest that the increase in temperature to 24 °C is beneficial for the growth and freshness profile of this particular species in aquaculture.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Uma proposta de modelo analítico para a inovação na gestão pública

É crescente a necessidade de adoção de práticas inovativas na Administração Pública. A partir disso, objetivou-se realizar um estudo exploratório acerca da inovação no setor público, iniciando a construção de arcabouço teórico que culmine na criação de categorias condizentes às especificidades do setor público. Elucidadas as tipologias gerais encontradas, propõe-se um diagrama analítico de cruzamento entre as Gerações de Inovação (COELHO, 2012) e os tipos de inovações resultantes de adaptação orgânica (Serviço, Arranjos Organizacionais e Arranjos Institucionais). Como implicação possível, menciona-se a abertura de possibilidades para compreensão das diferentes ações inovativas relacionadas ao setor público, como proposto em análise das iniciativas do Concurso de Inovação na Gestão Pública Federal da Enap.Revista do Serviço Público - RSP, v. 67, ed. especial, 59-84 p.Gestão PúblicaInovaçãoPrestação de Serviços PúblicosISSN eletrônico: 2357-8017ISSN impresso: 0034-924

Abstracts

Tradução, para a língua inglesa, dos resumos dos artigos publicados nesta edição

Early transplantation of human immature dental pulp stem cells from baby teeth to golden retriever muscular dystrophy (GRMD) dogs: Local or systemic?

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The golden retriever muscular dystrophy (GRMD) dogs represent the best available animal model for therapeutic trials aiming at the future treatment of human Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). We have obtained a rare litter of six GRMD dogs (3 males and 3 females) born from an affected male and a carrier female which were submitted to a therapeutic trial with adult human stem cells to investigate their capacity to engraft into dogs muscles by local as compared to systemic injection without any immunosuppression.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Human Immature Dental Pulp Stem Cells (hIDPSC) were transplanted into 4 littermate dogs aged 28 to 40 days by either arterial or muscular injections. Two non-injected dogs were kept as controls. Clinical translation effects were analyzed since immune reactions by blood exams and physical scores capacity of each dog. Samples from biopsies were checked by immunohistochemistry (dystrophin markers) and FISH for human probes.</p> <p>Results and Discussion</p> <p>We analyzed the cells' ability in respect to migrate, engraftment, and myogenic potential, and the expression of human dystrophin in affected muscles. Additionally, the efficiency of single and consecutive early transplantation was compared. Chimeric muscle fibers were detected by immunofluorescence and fluorescent <it>in situ </it>hybridisation (FISH) using human antibodies and X and Y DNA probes. No signs of immune rejection were observed and these results suggested that hIDPSC cell transplantation may be done without immunosuppression. We showed that hIDPSC presented significant engraftment in GRMD dog muscles, although human dystrophin expression was modest and limited to several muscle fibers. Better clinical condition was also observed in the dog, which received monthly arterial injections and is still clinically stable at 25 months of age.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our data suggested that systemic multiple deliveries seemed more effective than local injections. These findings open important avenues for further researches.</p

Brazilian guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of primary cutaneous melanoma - part II

The last Brazilian guidelines on melanoma were published in 2002. Development in diagnosis and treatment made updating necessary. The coordinators elaborated ten clinical questions, based on PICO system. A Medline search, according to specific MeSH terms for each of the 10 questions was performed and articles selected were classified from A to D according to level of scientific evidence. Based on the results, recommendations were defined and classified according to scientific strength. The present Guidelines were divided in two parts for editorial and publication reasons. In this second part, the following clinical questions were answered: 1) which patients with primary cutaneous melanoma benefit from sentinel lymph node biopsy? 2) Follow-up with body mapping is indicated for which patients? 3) Is preventive excision of acral nevi beneficious to patients? 4) Is preventive excision of giant congenital nevi beneficious to patients? 5) How should stages 0 and I primary cutaneous melanoma patients be followed

Propriedades físicas, químicas e morfológicas do amido extraído da aveia

Nos últimos anos, o interesse do consumidor em alimentos que garantem um papel na manutenção da saúdetem crescido constantemente, sendo assim é possível observar o crescente consumo da aveia. Levando-se em conta as propriedades físicas e químicas do amido de aveia, o presente estudo objetivo extrair e caracterizar o amido de aveia. O amido foi extraído por meio da extração alcalina. O processo de extração foi otimizado em relação a teor de proteínas e cor instrumental. As propriedades físicas e químicas do amido após extração foram obtidas através da composição centesimal em relação a umidade e proteínas; cor instrumental do amidoe microscopia eletrônica de varredura. O amido extraído apresentou 10,04% de umidade e 1,64% de proteína.A luminosidade do amido variou de 95,54% a 95,70%, podendo-se afirmar que o amido apresentou coloração branca e alta luminosidade. As microimagens apresentam grânulos irregulares. Conclui- se que o produto obtido apresentou baixo teor de proteínas e alta luminosidade, sendo o ponto otimizado o ponto central para concentração de aveia (22,5%) e o ponto fatorial para hidróxido de sódio (0,26%)