11,532 research outputs found
Liquid heat capacity in the approach from the solid state: anharmonic theory
Calculating liquid energy and heat capacity in general form is an open
problem in condensed matter physics. We develop a recent approach to liquids
from the solid state by accounting for the contribution of anharmonicity and
thermal expansion to liquid energy and heat capacity. We subsequently compare
theoretical predictions to the experiments results of 5 commonly discussed
liquids, and find a good agreement with no free fitting parameters. We discuss
and compare the proposed theory to previous approaches.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figure
Practical dispersion relations for strongly coupled plasma fluids
Very simple explicit analytical expressions are discussed, which are able to
describe the dispersion relations of longitudinal waves in strongly coupled
plasma systems such as one-component plasma and weakly screened Yukawa fluids
with a very good accuracy. Applications to other systems with soft pairwise
interactions are briefly discussed.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures; Related to arXiv:1711.0615
Efficacy of an internet-based CBT program for children with comorbid High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder and anxiety: a randomised controlled trial
Background
All trials conducted to date on BRAVE-ONLINE for youth anxiety disorders have excluded children with High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder (HFASD) and therefore it is unknown whether these programs might be beneficial to HFASD children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of BRAVE-ONLINE in HFASD children with an anxiety disorder.
Methods
Forty-two HFASD children, aged 8â12 years, with an anxiety disorder, and their parents, were randomly assigned to either the BRAVE-ONLINE condition (NET) or a waitlist control (WLC). Diagnostic interviews and parent/child questionnaires were completed at pre-treatment, post-treatment and 3-month follow-up.
Results
At post- assessment, compared to children in the WLC condition, children in the NET condition demonstrated a significantly greater reduction in number of anxiety diagnoses, clinical severity of diagnosis, and self and parent reported anxiety symptoms, as well as significantly greater increases in overall functioning. However, loss of primary diagnosis in this sample was lower than in previous studies.
Limitations
The small sample size, coupled with attrition rates, makes it difficult to generalise the findings of the study to HFASD population and to conduct analyses regarding mediators, moderators and predictors of outcomes.
Conclusions
The BRAVE-ONLINE program may be useful in reducing anxiety symptoms in HFASD children, although the effects are less strong than those found in neurotypical children for a variety of reasons
TeV scale resonant leptogenesis from supersymmetry breaking
We propose a model of TeV-scale resonant leptogenesis based upon recent
models of the generation of light neutrino masses from supersymmetry-breaking
effects with TeV-scale right-handed (rhd) neutrinos, . The model leads to
naturally large cosmological lepton asymmetries via the resonant behaviour of
the one-loop self-energy contribution to decay. Our model addresses the
primary problems of previous phenomenological studies of low-energy
leptogenesis: a rational for TeV-scale rhd neutrinos with small Yukawa
couplings so that the out-of equilibrium condition for decay is
satisfied; the origin of the tiny, but non-zero mass splitting required between
at least two masses; and the necessary non-trivial breaking of flavour
symmetries in the rhd neutrino sector. The low mass-scale of the rhd neutrinos
and their superpartners, and the TeV-scale -terms automatically contained
within the model offer opportunities for partial direct experimental tests of
this leptogenesis mechanism at future colliders.Comment: 10 Pages latex, version for JHE
A topological charge selection rule for phase singularities
We present an study of the dynamics and decay pattern of phase singularities
due to the action of a system with a discrete rotational symmetry of finite
order. A topological charge conservation rule is identified. The role played by
the underlying symmetry is emphasized. An effective model describing the short
range dynamics of the vortex clusters has been designed. A method to engineer
any desired configuration of clusters of phase singularities is proposed. Its
flexibility to create and control clusters of vortices is discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Longâterm cardiovascular effects of vandetanib and pazopanib in normotensive rats
Vandetanib and pazopanib are clinically available, multiâtargeted inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and plateletâderived growth factor (PDGF) receptor tyrosine kinases. Shortâterm VEGF receptor inhibition is associated with hypertension in 15%â60% of patients, which may limit the use of these anticancer therapies over the longer term. To evaluate the longerâterm cardiovascular implications of treatment, we investigated the âonââtreatment (21 days) and âoffââtreatment (10 days) effects following daily administration of vandetanib, pazopanib, or vehicle, in conscious rats. Cardiovascular variables were monitored in unrestrained SpragueâDawley rats instrumented with radiotelemetric devices. In Study 1, rats were randomly assigned to receive either daily intraperitoneal injections of vehicle (volume 0.5 mL; n = 5) or vandetanib 25 mg/kg/day (volume 0.5 mL; n = 6). In Study 2, rats received either vehicle (volume 0.5 mL; n = 4) or pazopanib 30 mg/kg/day (volume 0.5 mL; n = 7), dosed once every 24 hours for 21 days. All solutions were in 2% Tween, 5% propylene glycol in 0.9% saline solution. Vandetanib caused sustained increases in mean arterial pressure (MAP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) compared to baseline and vehicle. Vandetanib also significantly altered the circadian cycling of MAP, SBP, and DBP. Elevations in SBP were detectable 162 hours after the last dose of vandetanib. Pazopanib also caused increases in MAP, SBP, and DBP. However, compared to vandetanib, these increases were of slower onset and a smaller magnitude. These data suggest that the cardiovascular consequences of vandetanib and pazopanib treatment are sustained, even after prolonged cessation of drug treatment
Energy gaps in quantum first-order mean-field-like transitions: The problems that quantum annealing cannot solve
We study first-order quantum phase transitions in models where the mean-field
traitment is exact, and the exponentially fast closure of the energy gap with
the system size at the transition. We consider exactly solvable ferromagnetic
models, and show that they reduce to the Grover problem in a particular limit.
We compute the coefficient in the exponential closure of the gap using an
instantonic approach, and discuss the (dire) consequences for quantum
annealing.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
Party finance reform as constitutional engineering? The effectiveness and unintended consequences of party finance reform in France and Britain
In both Britain and France, party funding was traditionally characterized by a laissez faire approach and a conspicuous lack of regulation. In France, this was tantamount to a 'legislative vacuum'. In the last two decades, however, both countries have sought to fundamentally reform their political finance regulation regimes. This prompted, in Britain, the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000, and in France a bout of 'legislative incontinence' â profoundly transforming the political finance regime between 1988 and 1995. This article seeks to explore and compare the impacts of the reforms in each country in a bid to explain the unintended consequences of the alternative paths taken and the effectiveness of the new party finance regime in each country. It finds that constitutional engineering through party finance reform is a singularly inexact science, largely due to the imperfect nature of information, the limited predictability of cause and effect, and the constraining influence of non-party actors, such as the Constitutional Council in France, and the Electoral Commission in Britain
Cryogenic Ion Trapping Systems with Surface-Electrode Traps
We present two simple cryogenic RF ion trap systems in which cryogenic
temperatures and ultra high vacuum pressures can be reached in as little as 12
hours. The ion traps are operated either in a liquid helium bath cryostat or in
a low vibration closed cycle cryostat. The fast turn around time and
availability of buffer gas cooling made the systems ideal for testing
surface-electrode ion traps. The vibration amplitude of the closed cycled
cryostat was found to be below 106 nm. We evaluated the systems by loading
surface-electrode ion traps with Sr ions using laser ablation, which
is compatible with the cryogenic environment. Using Doppler cooling we observed
small ion crystals in which optically resolved ions have a trapped lifetime
over 2500 minutes.Comment: 10 pages, 13 EPS figure
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