Toni Catany: el tiempo y las cosas

Esta artículo versa sobre el documental Toni Catany: el tiempo y las cosas, del fotógrafo Toni Catany, un artista, que obsesionado por el tiempo, explora la materialidad de lo cotidiano como una experiencia intemporal, y otorga a sus imágenes un carácter pictórico, pues desea unir fotografía y pintura. Su obra, evocadora y sutil, nos revela una búsqueda de la belleza en torno a su mundo interior y exterior; sus imágenes expresan sentimientos y una atracción por el Mediterráneo, y además, su interés por viajar y descubrir lo desconocido enriquece su trabajo. En definitiva, la inmersión en este audiovisual, implica tomar conciencia del inherente vínculo entre arte y vida reflejado en la obra del fotógrafo, cuyas imágenes proyectan instantes de vitalidad

Identification of genetic variants associated with Huntington's disease progression: a genome-wide association study

Background Huntington's disease is caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene, HTT. Age at onset has been used as a quantitative phenotype in genetic analysis looking for Huntington's disease modifiers, but is hard to define and not always available. Therefore, we aimed to generate a novel measure of disease progression and to identify genetic markers associated with this progression measure. Methods We generated a progression score on the basis of principal component analysis of prospectively acquired longitudinal changes in motor, cognitive, and imaging measures in the 218 indivduals in the TRACK-HD cohort of Huntington's disease gene mutation carriers (data collected 2008–11). We generated a parallel progression score using data from 1773 previously genotyped participants from the European Huntington's Disease Network REGISTRY study of Huntington's disease mutation carriers (data collected 2003–13). We did a genome-wide association analyses in terms of progression for 216 TRACK-HD participants and 1773 REGISTRY participants, then a meta-analysis of these results was undertaken. Findings Longitudinal motor, cognitive, and imaging scores were correlated with each other in TRACK-HD participants, justifying use of a single, cross-domain measure of disease progression in both studies. The TRACK-HD and REGISTRY progression measures were correlated with each other (r=0·674), and with age at onset (TRACK-HD, r=0·315; REGISTRY, r=0·234). The meta-analysis of progression in TRACK-HD and REGISTRY gave a genome-wide significant signal (p=1·12 × 10−10) on chromosome 5 spanning three genes: MSH3, DHFR, and MTRNR2L2. The genes in this locus were associated with progression in TRACK-HD (MSH3 p=2·94 × 10−8 DHFR p=8·37 × 10−7 MTRNR2L2 p=2·15 × 10−9) and to a lesser extent in REGISTRY (MSH3 p=9·36 × 10−4 DHFR p=8·45 × 10−4 MTRNR2L2 p=1·20 × 10−3). The lead single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in TRACK-HD (rs557874766) was genome-wide significant in the meta-analysis (p=1·58 × 10−8), and encodes an aminoacid change (Pro67Ala) in MSH3. In TRACK-HD, each copy of the minor allele at this SNP was associated with a 0·4 units per year (95% CI 0·16–0·66) reduction in the rate of change of the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) Total Motor Score, and a reduction of 0·12 units per year (95% CI 0·06–0·18) in the rate of change of UHDRS Total Functional Capacity score. These associations remained significant after adjusting for age of onset. Interpretation The multidomain progression measure in TRACK-HD was associated with a functional variant that was genome-wide significant in our meta-analysis. The association in only 216 participants implies that the progression measure is a sensitive reflection of disease burden, that the effect size at this locus is large, or both. Knockout of Msh3 reduces somatic expansion in Huntington's disease mouse models, suggesting this mechanism as an area for future therapeutic investigation

Implementando un registro poblacional de enfermedades raras en España: la experiencia de Navarra

RESUMEN En 2012 se consolidó la Red Española de Registros de Enfermedades Raras para la Investigación (Spain-RDR) con el objetivo de crear un Registro poblacional español de Enfermedades Raras. Para conseguirlo, cada Comunidad Autónoma tenía que desarrollar su propio registro autonómico con una metodología común consensuada. El Registro Poblacional de Enfermedades Raras de Navarra se creó en 2013 y, desde entonces, se está desarrollando su implementación. Navarra asumió el listado consensuado dentro de la Red, que incluye 934 códigos de la 9ª revisión de la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades (modificación clínica). Inicialmente, la principal fuente de información utilizada para la captación de casos fue el Registro de Morbilidad Asistida de Navarra, que recoge el Conjunto Mínimo Básico de Datos de las altas hospitalarias (de centros públicos y privados) de la Comunidad Foral. Posteriormente se fueron añadiendo nuevas fuentes de información y desarrollando continuos estudios de validación de los casos captados. Los registros poblacionales de enfermedades raras son fundamentales para el estudio y cuantificación de este tipo de enfermedades ya que los sistemas de clasificación y codificación utilizados en los actuales sistemas de información sanitaria son muy inespecíficos. El análisis y cruce de datos entre múltiples fuentes es esencial para maximizar la capacidad de detección de casos. Al tratarse de enfermedades muy poco prevalentes, una tasa alta de falsos positivos entre los casos detectados afecta en gran medida la estimación de indicadores epidemiológicos, lo que hace necesario validar los casos verificando los diagnósticos.ABSTRACT In 2012, the Spanish Rare Disease Registries Research Network (Spain-RDR) was consolidated with the aim of creating a Spanish population-based Rare Diseases Registry. In order to achieve this, each of the 17 Spanish Regions had to develop its own regional registry with a common agreed methodology. The Population-based Rare Disease Registry of Navarre was created in 2013 and, since then, its implementation is been carried out. Navarre assumed the agreed list within the Spanish Network, which included 934 codes of the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification. Initially, the main data source used to capture cases was the Assisted Morbidity Registry of Navarre, which includes the Minimum Basic Data Set of every regional hospital discharges (both public and private). Afterwards, new data sources were been added and ongoing validation studies of captured cases were been developed. Population-based rare diseases registries are fundamental for the study and quantification of this type of diseases since the classification and coding systems used in the current healthcare information systems are very nonspecific. The analysis and cross-referencing of data among multiple data sources is essential to maximize case detection capacity. Due to the low prevalence of these diseases, a high false positives rate among the detected cases greatly affects the estimation of epidemiological indicators, which makes it necessary to validate the cases by verifying the diagnoses

Molecular Testing for Fragile X: Analysis of 5062 Tests from 1105 Fragile X Families-Performed in 12 Clinical Laboratories in Spain

Fragile X syndrome is the most common inherited form of intellectual disability. Here we report on a study based on a collaborative registry, involving 12 Spanish centres, of molecular diagnostic tests in 1105 fragile X families comprising 5062 individuals, of whom, 1655 carried a full mutation or were mosaic, three cases had deletions, 1840 had a premutation, and 102 had intermediate alleles. Two patients with the full mutation also had Klinefelter syndrome. We have used this registry to assess the risk of expansion from parents to children. From mothers with premutation, the overall rate of allele expansion to full mutation is 52.5%, and we found that this rate is higher for male than female offspring (63.6% versus 45.6%; < 0.001). Furthermore, in mothers with intermediate alleles (45-54 repeats), there were 10 cases of expansion to a premutation allele, and for the smallest premutation alleles (55-59 repeats), there was a 6.4% risk of expansion to a full mutation, with 56 repeats being the smallest allele that expanded to a full mutation allele in a single meiosis. Hence, in our series the risk for alleles of <59 repeats is somewhat higher than in other published series. These findings are important for genetic counselling

Molecular testing for fragile X: analysis of 5062 tests from 1105 fragile X families--performed in 12 clinical laboratories in Spain.

Journal Article; Multicenter Study;Fragile X syndrome is the most common inherited form of intellectual disability. Here we report on a study based on a collaborative registry, involving 12 Spanish centres, of molecular diagnostic tests in 1105 fragile X families comprising 5062 individuals, of whom, 1655 carried a full mutation or were mosaic, three cases had deletions, 1840 had a premutation, and 102 had intermediate alleles. Two patients with the full mutation also had Klinefelter syndrome. We have used this registry to assess the risk of expansion from parents to children. From mothers with premutation, the overall rate of allele expansion to full mutation is 52.5%, and we found that this rate is higher for male than female offspring (63.6% versus 45.6%; P < 0.001). Furthermore, in mothers with intermediate alleles (45-54 repeats), there were 10 cases of expansion to a premutation allele, and for the smallest premutation alleles (55-59 repeats), there was a 6.4% risk of expansion to a full mutation, with 56 repeats being the smallest allele that expanded to a full mutation allele in a single meiosis. Hence, in our series the risk for alleles of <59 repeats is somewhat higher than in other published series. These findings are important for genetic counselling.Ye

A new autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa locus maps on chromosome 2q31-q33

5 páginas, 2 tablas, 2 figuras.Autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (ARRP) is a genetically heterogeneous disease. To date, mutations in four members of the phototransduction cascade have been implicated in ARRP. Additionally, linkage of the disease to three loci on 1p, 1q, and 6p has been described. However, the majority of cases are still uncharacterised. We have performed linkage analysis in a large nuclear ARRP family with five affected sibs. After exclusion of several regions of the genome known to contain loci for retinal dystrophies, a genomic search for linkage to ARRP was undertaken. Positive lod scores were obtained with markers on 2q31-q33 (Zmax at theta = 0.00 of 4.03, 4.12, and 4.12 at D2S364, D2S118, and D2S389, respectively) defining an interval of about 7 cM for this new ARRP locus, between D2S148 and D2S161. Forty-four out of 47 additional ARRP families, tested with markers on 2q32, failed to show linkage, providing evidence of further genetic heterogeneity.This work was supported by Spanish CICYT (SAF93-0479-062-01 and SAF96-0329) and the "Federaci6n de Asociaciones de Afectados de Retinosis Pigmentaria del Estado Español" (FAARPE). A Martinez-Mir and M Bayes are recipients of a fellowship from the Generalitat de Catalunya.Peer reviewe