Atomic absorption spectra in the range 100 to 700A

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Demographic Change, Social Security Systems, and Savings

In theory, improvements in healthy life expectancy should generate increases in the average age of retirement, with little effect on savings rates. In many countries, however, retirement incentives in social security programs prevent retirement ages from keeping pace with changes in life expectancy, leading to an increased need for life-cycle savings. Analyzing a cross-country panel of macroeconomic data, we find that increased longevity raises aggregate savings rates in countries with universal pension coverage and retirement incentives, though the effect disappears in countries with pay-as-you-go systems and high replacement rates

The Role of Self-Efficacy and Academic Mindset on Middle School Math Achievement for At Promise Youth: An Explanatory Study

California’s accountability system has blended its focus on noncognitive factors of achievement as well as evidence of academic growth. School districts are becoming increasingly interested in developing noncognitive factors in their students to help increase student achievement. With the wide variety of mandates and responsibilities schools are shouldering, it will be important to continue developing methods to increase all school accountability metrics in relation with each other. This research aims to explore the relationship between noncognitive factors and mathematics achievement as measured by the Northwest Evaluation Association’s Measure of Academic Progress assessment (MAP). This study surveyed 8th graders throughout a school district to measure their ratings of self-efficacy and growth mindset, two major noncognitive factors found in the research to be major drivers of student achievement. During this research study I developed a new instrument, the Self-Efficacy and Academic Mindset (SEAM). The survey instrument was adapted from the Mindsets Essential Skills and Habits survey (MESH), a survey used by the CORE districts of California to measure and evaluate the noncognitive factors of their students. The survey was conducted in conjunction with the fall 2020 administration of the MAP assessment

Demographic Change, Social Security Systems, and Savings

In theory, improvements in health life expectancy should generate increases in the average age of retirement, with little effect on savings rates. In many countries, however, retirement incentives in social security programs prevent retirement age from keeping pace with changes in life expectancy, leading to an increased need for life-cycle savings. Analyzing a cross-country panel of macroeconomic data, we find that increased longevity raises aggregate savings rates in countries with universal pension coverage and retirement incentives, though the effect disappears in countries with pay-as-you-go systems and high replacement rates.Savings, demographic change, population economics, social security systems

Demographic Change, Social Security Systems, and Savings

In theory, improvements in healthy life expectancy should generate increases in the average age of retirement, with little effect on savings rates. In many countries, however, retirement incentives in social security programs prevent retirement ages from keeping pace with changes in life expectancy, leading to an increased need for life-cycle savings. Analyzing a cross-country panel of macroeconomic data, we find that increased longevity raises aggregate savings rates in countries with universal pension coverage and retirement incentives, though the effect disappears in countries with pay-as-you-go systems and high replacement rates.

Campaign speech at Eagles Hall, Lewistown, Montana, October 21, 1952

Representative Mansfield dissusses the economic potential of Montana in land, timber, oil, minerals, and water resources and his Congressional record on Rural Electrification Administration, against corruption in government, communism and United States foreign policy.https://scholarworks.umt.edu/mansfield_audio/1011/thumbnail.jp

Press Start: Video Games in an Art Museum

Art museums can be complex, confounding, boring, exciting, absurd, and breathtaking. They can be sad, enlightening, hurtful, alive, dead, mainstream and avant-garde. They can, at once, be all of these things. Or they can be any one of these things separately. Museums can be more. Art museums might provide a place for contemplation, a place for social commentary, a place for political discourse, a place for lunch. They can identify us, deconstruct us, or illuminate our experiences for everyone. They can be an index for the health and vibrancy of our culture and our time. The Smithsonian American Art Museum provides such an index. American Art’s collections and exhibitions compile the permanent record of our aspirations, character and imagination. The museum has been a leader in identifying and collecting significant and sometimes unconventional aspects of American visual expression. One of the more vibrant artistic expressions of late, (not only nationally, but globally), has been in and around video gaming. Video games are an undeniably important contributor to our cultural discourse. They cannot be marginalized because they might be commercial, popular, or competitive. The creative and artistic expressions captured in video games are vital to our cultural heritage. Video games are art

Speech to the United Nations Committee on Financing Economic Development of Underdeveloped Countries, Paris, December 11, 1951

Representative Mansfield is speaking against a proposal before the committee to establish a new institution for the distribution of economic aid to developing countries, while maintaining the need for the aid.https://scholarworks.umt.edu/mansfield_audio/1007/thumbnail.jp

Keynote address at 1956 Montana State Democratic Convention, June 27, 1956

Senator Mansfield covers the successes and failures of the 1952 campaign promises of both parties. He also covers the successes and failures of Murray, Metcalf, and Mansfield in the 84th Congress and the necessity of the Democrats to get more people in Congress and the White House.https://scholarworks.umt.edu/mansfield_audio/1001/thumbnail.jp