Harmful Elements in Estuarine and Coastal Systems

Estuaries and coastal zones are dynamic transitional systems which provide many economic and ecological benefits to humans, but also are an ideal habitat for other organisms as well. These areas are becoming contaminated by various anthropogenic activities due to a quick economic growth and urbanization. This chapter explores the sources, chemical speciation, sediment accumulation and removal mechanisms of the harmful elements in estuarine and coastal seawaters. It also describes the effects of toxic elements on aquatic flora and fauna. Finally, the toxic element pollution of the Venice Lagoon, a transitional water body located in the northeastern part of Italy, is discussed as a case study, by presenting the procedures adopted to measure the extent of the pollution, the impacts on organisms and the restoration activities

A alteridade como critério para cuidar e educar nutrizes: reflexões filosóficas da prática La alteridad cómo criterio para cuidar y educar las madres que amamantan: refexiones filosoficas de la práctica The alterity as a criterion to care and to educate mothers who breastfeed: philosophical reflections of practice

Este estudo configura-se como um ensaio teórico-filosófico da prática do cuidar-educar nutrizes, embasada no nosso cotidiano profissional e no conceito de alteridade desenvolvido por Emmanuel Lévinas. Traz à tona as inquietudes que povoam nossos pensamentos na busca de um algo a mais no sentido do estabelecimento de um agir mutuamente comprometido no cuidar de mulheres que experenciam o processo de amamentação. Acreditamos que a alteridade é um critério ético fundamental que ao ser removido das relações de cuidado, o diálogo não se estabelece e o cuidado pode não se efetivar, porque o pensamento dominante da normalidade, acaba por anular o ser nutriz, estabelecendo, a priori, a forma de pensar e viver a situação.<br>El presente estudio se un ensayo teórico-filosófico acerca de la práctica del cuidar-educar nutrízes; teniendo como base el cotidiano profesional y el concepto de la alteridad desarrollado por Emmanuel Lévinas. Donde muestran las inquietudes que habitan en nuestros pensamientos frente a la búsqueda siempre de "algo más", en el sentido de establecer una actuación comprometida mutuamente en el cuidar de las mujeres que viven la experiencia del proceso de amamantamiento. Creemos, que la diferencia es uno de los criterios éticos fundamentales el cual, al ser apartado de las relaciones del cuidado, el diálogo no se establece y consecuentemente, el cuidado podría no ser efectivo; por que el pensamiento dominante de la normalidad, termina anulando el ser nutriz.<br>This study is configured as a philosophical-theorical essay about the practice of teaching and educating mothers who are breastfeeding and is based on our professional daily activity and on the concept of alterity developed by Emmanuel Levinas. It broughts to light the disturbance that fill our minds in the search for something bigger in the sense of establishing a mutual obligation in the caring of women that experience the nursing process. We belive that alterity is a fundamental ethical criterion that when removed from care relations disturbs the dialogue and caring may not be effective, because the dominant thinking of normality eliminates the nursing-mother being, establishing a priori, the thinking manner to live a given situation

SEIS: Insight’s Seismic Experiment for Internal Structure of Mars

By the end of 2018, 42 years after the landing of the two Viking seismometers on Mars, InSight will deploy onto Mars’ surface the SEIS (Seismic Experiment for Internal Structure) instrument; a six-axes seismometer equipped with both a long-period three-axes Very Broad Band (VBB) instrument and a three-axes short-period (SP) instrument. These six sensors will cover a broad range of the seismic bandwidth, from 0.01 Hz to 50 Hz, with possible extension to longer periods. Data will be transmitted in the form of three continuous VBB components at 2 sample per second (sps), an estimation of the short period energy content from the SP at 1 sps and a continuous compound VBB/SP vertical axis at 10 sps. The continuous streams will be augmented by requested event data with sample rates from 20 to 100 sps. SEIS will improve upon the existing resolution of Viking’s Mars seismic monitoring by a factor of ∼2500 at 1 Hz and ∼200000 at 0.1 Hz. An additional major improvement is that, contrary to Viking, the seismometers will be deployed via a robotic arm directly onto Mars’ surface and will be protected against temperature and wind by highly efficient thermal and wind shielding. Based on existing knowledge of Mars, it is reasonable to infer a moment magnitude detection threshold of ∼3 at 40∘ epicentral distance and a potential to detect several tens of quakes and about five impacts per year. In this paper, we first describe the science goals of the experiment and the rationale used to define its requirements. We then provide a detailed description of the hardware, from the sensors to the deployment system and associated performance, including transfer functions of the seismic sensors and temperature sensors. We conclude by describing the experiment ground segment, including data processing services, outreach and education networks and provide a description of the format to be used for future data distribution