RISK ANALYSIS OF SHARIA STOCKS IN THE INFRASTRUCTURE, UTILITIES AND TRANSPORTATION SECTOR LISTED ON THE JAKARTA ISLAMIC INDEX (JII) 2015-2023

This research is intended to analyze the risk comparison using the Value at Risk (VaR) Variance Covariance and Value at Risk (VaR) Historical Simulation models in the Infrastructure, Utilities and Transportation subsectors. The development of infrastructure, utilities, and transportation plays a very important role in national development and is the main driver of regional growth and the industrial sector. Improvements in the regulatory and investment policy framework are expected to significantly increase the availability of infrastructure facilities and services. The population involved in this study includes 9 companies listed in the JII in the Infrastructure, Utilities, and Transportation sector, which are used as samples. The data used is secondary data obtained from www.yahoo.finance.com. Data analysis was carried out using a two-sample average test. The test results of the Value at Risk (VaR) Historical Simulation and Variance Covariance values are largest in INDX stocks, followed by other stocks, and those with the lowest risk level are TLKM stocks for the upcoming 5-day, 7-day, and 15-day periods with good values for alpha 1%, 5%, and 10%. The results concluded that the comparison between VaR Variance Covariance and VaR Historical Simulation produces a good level of risk and helps in determining sectors that are worth investing in the future, and can describe the fundamental strength of each sector

Genetic basis of variation for seedling traits in Gossypium hirsutum L.

A 6 × 6 complete diallel analysis was performed to study the inheritance of seedling traits in cotton. Significant differences among genotypes showed the genetic variation and formal analysis predicted the presence of both additive and non-additive genetic variation for inheritance of seedling traits. Further, the estimates of genetic components D, H1 and H2 confirmed the presence of both additive and non-additive genetic effects for all the characteristics. Dominant genes were responsible for theincrease of seedling shoot length, root length, shoot weight and root weight. However, recessive genes were accountable for the increase of shoot root ratio by length and by weight. Seedling shoot length, root length and root weight can be improved through heterosis breeding. The magnitude of broad sense heritability was greater than narrow sense for all the six traits under study hence diminished the scope of selection in the early segregating generation therefore pedigree breeding method is suggested for the improvement of these traits.Key words: Additive dominance model, gene action, Gossypium hirsutum L, heritability, seedling traits

Biochemical/physiological characterization and evaluation of in vitro salt tolerance in cucumber

The difference in biochemical and physiological parameters of selected tolerant, medium tolerant and sensitive genotypes of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) derived from in vitro screening was investigated in order to put forward the relative tolerance or sensitivity of the genotypes and to identify parameters that can be used as index for in vitro evaluation of salt tolerance in cucumber. On the basis of our comparative analysis, the salt tolerant genotype (Hazerd) successfully tolerated highest salinity level(120 mM) by accumulating significantly higher levels of free proline and exhibited higher antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD)) activities than the moderately tolerant (Poinsett 97 and Pingwang) and sensitive genotypes (HH1-8-57 and L6). The tolerant genotype (Hazerd) showed less vulnerability against high salinity by showing low lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage with slight reduction in photosynthetic pigment. Furthermore it seems that higher salinitytolerance in the tolerant genotype also correlated to limited translocation of Na+ ions to leaves resulting in the maintenance of high K+/Na+ ratio. Soluble sugars and protein showed decreased with increasing salinity in all the genotypes tested irrespective of their tolerance level. Taken together, our data partly explain the mechanism use to avoid salt stress by cucumber plants, when excessive in the culture medium

Electronic Tuning of Zinc Oxide by Direct Fabrication of Chromium (Cr) incorporated photoanodes for Visible-light driven Water Splitting Applications

This is the final version. Available on open access from Nature Research via the DOI in this recordHerein, we report the synthesis of Cr incorporated ZnO sheets arrays microstructures and construction of photoelectrode through a direct aerosol assisted chemical vapour deposition (AACVD) method. The as-prepared Cr incorporated ZnO microstructures were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, powdered X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and UV-Vis diffused reflectance spectroscopy. The Cr incorporation in ZnO red shifted the optical band gap of as-prepared photoanodes. The 15% Cr incorporation in ZnO has shown enhanced PEC performance. The AACVD method provides an efficient in situ incorporation approach for the manipulation of morphological aspects, phase purity, and band structure of photoelectrodes for an enhanced PEC performance.Higher Education Commission of PakistanUniversity of Mancheste

Resolution requirements for numerical simulations of transition

The resolution requirements for direct numerical simulations of transition to turbulence are investigated. A reliable resolution criterion is determined from the results of several detailed simulations of channel and boundary-layer transition

Perceptual Responses to High- and Moderate-Intensity Interval Exercise in Adolescents

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins via the DOI in this record.PURPOSE: High-intensity continuous exercise is proposed to evoke unpleasant sensations as predicted by the dual mode theory (DMT), and may negatively impact on future exercise adherence. Previous studies support unpleasant sensations in affective responses during continuous high-intensity exercise, but the affect experience during high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) involving brief bursts of high-intensity exercise separated by low-intensity activity is poorly understood in adolescents. We examined the acute affective, enjoyment and perceived exertion responses to HIIE compared to moderate-intensity interval exercise (MIIE) in adolescents. METHODS: Thirteen adolescent boys (mean±SD; age 14.0±0.5 years) performed two counterbalanced exercise conditions: 1) HIIE: 8 x 1-minute work intervals at 90% maximal aerobic speed; and 2) MIIE: between 9-12 x 1-minute work intervals at 90% ventilatory threshold where the number of intervals performed were distance-matched to HIIE. HIIE and MIIE intervals were interspersed with 75 s active recovery at 4 km·h. Affect, enjoyment and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded before, during and after exercise. RESULTS: Affect responses declined in both conditions but the fall was greater in HIIE than MIIE (P0.64). CONCLUSIONS: Despite elevated RPE, HIIE did not elicit prominent unpleasant feelings as predicted by DMT and was associated with greater post-exercise enjoyment responses than MIIE. This study demonstrates the feasibility of the application of HIIE as an alternative form of PA in adolescents.Adam Abdul Malik is financially supported by the Government of Malaysia for the funding under the academic staff training scheme (USM/PPSP(Pent)/L2/bJld.XV)

Synthesis of 3-[4-(2-furoyl)-1-piperazinyl]-N- (substituted)propanamides as promising antibacterial agents with mild cytotoxicity

Purpose: To evaluate the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of a series of molecules with amalgamation of furoyl, piperazine and amide moieties.Methods: New derivatives, namely 3-[4-(2-furoyl)-1-piperazinyl]-N-(substituted) propanamides, were synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial activity and toxicity to mammalian cells. The synthesis was initiated by treating different aryl/aralkyl amines (1a-u) with 3-bromopropionyl chloride (2) to obtain the solid electrophiles 3a-u, which were collected by filtration. Thereafter, the different N-aryl/aralkyl-3- bromopropionamides (3a-u) and 2-furoyl-1-piperazine (4) at equimolar ratios were allowed to react in acetonitrile and in the presence of a base, K2CO3, to form the target compounds, 5a-u. Structural elucidation was carried out using EI-MS (electron impact mass spectrometry), IR (infrared) and 1H-NMR (proton nuclear magnetic resonance). The antibacterial activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated against various bacterial strains. Furthermore, hemolysis was determined to assess cytotoxicity using bovine red blood cells.Results: Molecules 5g, 5a, 5p, 5g and 5i were found to be potent agents against S. aureus, S. typhi, P. aeruginosa, E. coli and B. subtilis with respective minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8.34 ± 0.55, 8.37 ± 0.12, 8.65 ± 0.57, 8.97 ± 0.12 and 9.24 ± 0.50 μM, compared to 7.80 ± 0.19, 7.45 ± 0.58, 7.14 ± 0.58, 7.16 ± 0.58 and 7.29 ± 0.90 μM for the reference standard, ciprofloxacin. The most active compounds, 5a, 5g, 5i and 5p, showed a hemolysis of 15.48, 8.03, 5.52 and 4.35 %, respectively.Conclusion: The synthesized compounds exhibit good antibacterial activity. The hemolysis data indicate that these compounds have a low toxicity level. However, in vivo studies are required to ascertain their potentials as new drug candidates.Keywords: 4-(2-Furoyl)-1-piperazine, 1H-NMR, EI-MS, Antimicrobial activity, Hemolytic activit

Validation and calibration for embedding rating of perceived exertion into high-intensity interval exercise in adolescents: a lab-based study

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Human Kinetics via the DOI in this recordPURPOSE: Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) is a convenient and cost-effective tool that can be used to monitor high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE). However, no methodological study has demonstrated the validity of RPE in this context. Therefore, the aim of this study was to validate and calibrate RPE for monitoring HIIE in adolescents. METHODS: RPE, heart rate (HR), and oxygen uptake (V˙O2) data were retrospectively extracted from 3 lab-based crossover studies, with a pooled sample size of 45 adolescents, performing either cycling-based or running-based HIIE sessions. Within-participant correlations were calculated for RPE-HR and RPE-V˙O2, and receiver operator characteristic curve analysis was used to establish RPE cut points. RESULTS: The results showed that RPE-HR demonstrated acceptable criterion validity (r = .53-.74, P < .01), while RPE-V˙O2 had poor validity (r = .40-.48, P < .01), except for HIIE at 100% peak power (r = .59, P < .01). RPE cut points of 4 and 5 were established in corresponding to HR/V˙O2 based thresholds. CONCLUSION: RPE has some utility in evaluating intensity during lab-based running or cycling HIIE in adolescents. Future studies should expand the validation and calibration of RPE for prescribing and monitoring HIIE in children and adolescents in field-based contexts