20 research outputs found
Diesel engine applicability in a light helicopter
W artykule zaprezentowano koncepcj臋 zastosowania silnika Diesla jako jednostki nap臋dowej lekkiego 艣mig艂owca. Przedstawiono zalety i wady takiego rozwi膮zania w por贸wnaniu z obecnie stosowanymi silnikami turbowa艂owymi. Proponowany silnik jest proekologiczn膮 jednostk膮 nap臋dow膮 ze wzgl臋du na znacznie mniejsz膮 emisj臋 toksycznych sk艂adnik贸w spalin w por贸wnaniu do silnik贸w turbowa艂owych. Jednocze艣nie poruszono problemy, kt贸re musz膮 by膰 uwzgl臋dnione w aspekcie zamontowania silnika Diesla w 艣mig艂owcu. Przedstawiono r贸wnie偶 g艂贸wne parametry silnika, kt贸rymi powinien si臋 on charakteryzowa膰, aby zapewni膰 wymagan膮 moc i osi膮gi niezb臋dne do nap臋du lekkiego 艣mig艂owca.The paper presents the concept of a diesel engine application as a power unit in a lightweight helicopter. The authors present the advantages and disadvantages of this design compared to existing turbine engines. The proposed engine is eco-friendly power unit due to the much less toxic exhaust emissions compared to turbo shaft engines. The paper also presents the problems that must be considered in the context of a diesel engine mounted in the helicopter. In the end the paper the main engine parameters, which should be characterized to ensure the required power and performance necessary to drive a light helicopter are presented
The study of the model of load exchange system of Subaru EJ25 engine with the use of reverse engineering
W artykule przedstawiono proces opracowania geometrii uk艂adu dolotowego i wylotowego oraz komory spalania silnika Subaru EJ25 z wykorzystaniem przestrzennego skanowania poszczeg贸lnych cz臋艣ci silnika (t艂ok, g艂owica, zawory, przepustnice, kolektor dolotowy). W tym celu u偶yto skanera ZScanner 700 firmy ZCorporation. Uzyskan膮 geometri臋 w postaci chmury punkt贸w eksportowano do programu Catia v5, gdzie nast臋pnie na jej podstawie opracowano geometri臋 uk艂adu. Model ten zostanie p贸藕niej wykorzystany do bada艅 symulacyjnych zjawisk przep艂ywowych wymiany 艂adunku w tym silniku.The article presents a process to develop the geometry of the intake and exhaust valves and combustion chamber Subaru EJ25 engine using the spatial scan engine parts (piston, head, valves, gate valves, intake manifold). To this end, the scanner was used ZScanner 700 ZCorporation. The resulting geometry of the point cloud was exported to the Catia v5, where they were developed based on its geometry. This model is later used for simulation studies of flow phenomena in the charge exchange engine
Optimizing the geometry of the connecting rod in opposite pistons engine
The article presents the results of simulations research carried out, using Finite Element Method. The simulations were made in the Abaqus software. Studies were related to the reduction and improving of stress distribution in the connecting rod of opposite pistons combustion engine. The connecting rod has been developed in a 3D environment in the Catia software, then imported into the simulation tool, in which stress tests were performed. The connecting rod was subjected to a compression and stretching tests. Boundary conditions of forces used in simulation tests have been developed on the basis of the dynamic model created in the MSC Adams software. The study included nine iterations of geometric changes of connecting rod. Shape as well as properties such as parametric dimensions (rod length) were changed. The changes were dictated by the reduction of the maximum values of the stresses and the size of the fields with large stress values. As a result of the simulations, the improvement of the connecting rod strength was obtained by its geometrical change (which was obtained by reducing the stress fields)
Studying a construction of pistons for the aircraft CI engine
This paper examines the selected constructions of piston for aircraft CI engines and discusses tendencies in a development of piston designs. The paper addresses the question of using new materials and coatings to improve quality of pistons and the study of heat transfer and methods to absorb heat from a piston by means of cooling ducts. The selected materials were examined in terms of their advantages and drawbacks. The paper discusses different shapes of piston heads and their impact on combustion as well as indicates other factors behind parameters of combustion and toxic emission like injector shape types, lubrication types and clearances in the combustion chamber
Road test of the vehicle with petrol engine fueled by E85
W artykule opisano i poddano analizie eksperyment polegaj膮cy na zasileniu pojazdu z silnikiem benzynowym (przystosowanym przez producenta do zasilania benzynowego) paliwem E85. Autorzy oceniaj膮 mo偶liwo艣膰 pracy takiego silnika, przy celowym lub nie艣wiadomym zatankowaniu pojazdu takim paliwem, bez uprzedniej konwersji w celu przystosowania pojazdu do tego typu zasilania. Zosta艂y tak偶e wskazane potencjalne trudno艣ci zwi膮zane z d艂u偶sz膮 eksploatacj膮 pojazdu na tym paliwie oraz niezb臋dne modyfikacje i czynno艣ci konieczne podczas konwersji pojazdu.In the article was described and analyzed an experiment which consists in supplying the vehicle with E85 fuel. The authors evaluate the possibility of operating petrol engine without prior conversion to adapt to this type of fuel. Were also identified potential difficulties associated with long operation of a petrol engine on E85 fuel and the necessary modifications and actions required during the vehicle conversion
Strength analysis of CNG injector for direct supply system of the diesel engine
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki symulacyjnych bada艅 wytrzyma艂o艣ciowych innowacyjnej konstrukcji wtryskiwacza CNG do bezpo艣redniego zasilania silnika Diesla. Wtryskiwacz zosta艂 opracowany do zastosowania w silniku Andoria ADCR. Badania te wykonano w oparciu o Metod臋 Element贸w Sko艅czonych z wykorzystaniem oprogramowania Abaqus. Opracowany model geometryczny odzwierciedla艂 rzeczywist膮 budow臋 wtryskiwacza. Przeprowadzone badania symulacyjne mia艂y na celu okre艣lenie miejsc podatnych na wyst膮pienie spi臋trze艅 napr臋偶e艅 element贸w wtryskiwacza pracuj膮cych w warunkach odpowiadaj膮cych warunkom pracy w komorze spalania silnika Diesla. Celem odzwierciedlenie tych warunk贸w w modelu uwzgl臋dniono wp艂yw si艂y pochodz膮cej od spr臋偶yny wtryskiwacza oraz si艂y gazowej pochodz膮cej od ci艣nienia gaz贸w w cylindrze. Wp艂yw si艂y pochodz膮cej od ci艣nienia w komorze spalania zosta艂 wprowadzony do modelu na podstawie przebiegu warto艣ci ci艣nienia gaz贸w w funkcji k膮ta obrotu wa艂u korbowego z uprzednio prowadzonych oblicze艅 modelowych silnika w oprogramowaniu AVL Boost. Badania modelowe przeprowadzono dla warunk贸w pe艂nego obci膮偶enia silnika, dla jednego cyklu roboczego. Czas symulacji odpowiada艂 dw贸m pe艂nym obrotom wa艂u korbowego silnika, co w przeliczaniu dla pr臋dko艣ci obrotowej silnika 3500 obr/min odpowiada艂o czasowi symulacji r贸wnemu 0,03428 s. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych bada艅 opracowano zoptymalizowan膮 konstrukcj臋 wtryskiwacza, kt贸ry wykorzystany zosta艂 do przeprowadzenia bada艅 stanowiskowych i hamowanianych systemu bezpo艣redniego wtrysku spr臋偶onego gazu ziemnego do silnika Diesla.The article presents the results of strength simulation studies of innovative design of CNG injector for direct supply of the Diesel engine. The injector has been developed for use in Andoria ADCR engine. These studies were performed based on the Finite Element Method using Abaqus software. The geometric model reflects the actual structure of the injector. The conducted simulation studies aimed at determining the locations prone to the occurrence of stress concentrations in injector elements working in conditions equivalent to those in the combustion chamber of the Diesel engine. The objectives of these conditions are reflected in the model, that takes into account the influence of the spring force from the injector and the gas force from gas pressure in the cylinder. The influence of the gas force from the pressure in the combustion chamber was introduced into the model on the basis of the course of the gas pressure as a function of crank angle degree with a predetermined engine model calculations carried out in AVL Boost software. Simulation studies were carried out for engine full load conditions, for one combustion cycle. Simulation time corresponded to two full revolutions of the engine crankshaft, which in the conversion of the engine speed of 3500 rpm corresponds to the simulation time equal to 0.03428 s. On the basis of the simulation studies an optimized design of the injector, which was used for real bench tests of direct injection system supply of compressed natural gas into Diesel engine
CNG injector bench tests of a direct injection system
Artyku艂 zawiera wyniki bada艅 stanowiskowych wtryskiwacza spr臋偶onego gazu ziemnego (CNG). Badania wykonano na stanowisku badawczym w warunkach ustalonych. W trakcie bada艅 mierzono napi臋cie i nat臋偶enie pr膮du w obwodzie cewki elektromagnetycznej, ci艣nienie gazu za wtryskiwaczem oraz jego wydatek. Na podstawie otrzymanych warto艣ci wyznaczono parametry pracy wtryskiwacza w zale偶no艣ci od wzniosu iglicy i ci艣nienia wtrysku. Badania pozwoli艂y zdefiniowa膰 r贸偶nice mi臋dzy teoretycznym (elektrycznym) a rzeczywistym czasem wtrysku. W efekcie wyznaczono op贸藕nienia otwierania i zamykania wtryskiwacza oraz niepowtarzalno艣ci tych warto艣ci w kolejnych cyklach wtrysku gazu. Wykazano wi臋kszy wp艂yw wzniosu iglicy w por贸wnaniu do ci艣nienia wtrysku na badane parametry pracy wtryskiwacza. Wraz ze zwi臋kszaniem ci艣nienia wtrysku wzrasta si艂a domykaj膮c zaw贸r wtryskowy co niekorzystnie wp艂ywa na niepowtarzalno艣膰 pracy wtryskiwacza. W artykule przedstawiono r贸wnie偶 koncepcj臋 wtryskiwacza przeznaczonego do bezpo艣redniego wtrysku gazu CNG do komory spalania silnika dwupaliwowego. Opracowana konstrukcja wtryskiwacza zapewni zast膮pienie do 80% oleju nap臋dowego w silniku dwupaliwowym o mocy maksymalnej 85 kW. Minimalne ci艣nienie wtrysku wynosi 1,4 MPa. Jednocze艣nie wyznaczono charakterystyk臋 wtryskiwacza dla r贸偶nych wznios贸w iglicy i nieliniowe punkty pracy wtryskiwacza.This paper presents the bench research results on a CNG injector at steady state. The quantities measured included voltage and current in a solenoid, pressure of gas behind an injector and injector鈥檚 flow rate. Accordingly, injector鈥檚 operation parameters were determined according to needle鈥檚 lift and injection pressure. The discrepancies between the theoretical (electric) and actual time of injection were defined to specify injector鈥檚 opening and closing lag times and the uniqueness of these values in successive cycles of gas injection. It has been demonstrated that needle鈥檚 lift has got a stronger impact on injector鈥檚 operating parameters than injection pressure. With increasing injection pressure, the force increases and closes an injection valve, which adversely affects uniqueness of injector鈥檚 operation. The paper also describes the concept of an injector dedicated to direct CNG injection into a combustion chamber in a dual-fuel engine. The injector鈥檚 design enables us to replace 80% of diesel fuel in a dual-fuel engine with a maximum power of 85 kW. Minimum injection pressure is 1,4 MPa then. Simultaneously, injector鈥檚 characteristics for varied needle鈥檚 lifts and injector鈥檚 nonlinear operating points were developed
The control of hydrogen injection timing in the Wankel engine
This paper presents results obtained during powering Wankel engine with hydrogen. The hydrogen supply system will be used to power an electricity generation system. Theobject of the study was to determine the regulatory characteristics on hydrogen injection start angle. The research was conducted in one operation state specified by engine speed and load. It was shown that engine performance and nitro oxide concentration in the exhaust gases are influenced by theinjection start angle
Pressure measurement in combustion chamber of Wankel engine processing renewable energy
Celem artyku艂u jest przedstawienie sposobu pomiaru ci艣nienia indykowania w komorze spalania silnika Wankla, przetwarzaj膮cego energi臋 ze 藕r贸de艂 odnawialnych. Obiektem bada艅 by艂 silnik Aixro XR50 wyposa偶ony w elektroniczny system wtrysku paliwa gazowego i oleju smaruj膮cego do kolektora dolotowego oraz elektroniczny uk艂ad zap艂onowy. Pomiar ci艣nienia indykowania dokonano za pomoc膮 czujnika piezoelektrycznego zamontowanego w specjalnie przygotowanym kanale 艣wiecy zap艂onowej. Silnik w czasie bada艅 zasilano paliwem wodorowym.The aim of article is to present the way of measurement indicated pressure in the combustion chamber of the Wankel engine, processing power from renewable sources. Research object was the Wankel engine Aixro XR50 equipped with electronic fuel injection system and lubricating oil injection system in to the intake manifold and an electronic ignition system. Indicated pressure measurements were made using a piezoelectric sensor mounted in a specially prepared spark plug channel. During the tests engine was fueled by hydrogen