PASTEURELLOSIS IN DUCK IN WEST BENGAL

Two hundred sixty four samples were collected from heart blood, liver, spleen and femur of 85 khaki Campbell ducks of which P. multocida could be isolated from 4 (4.70%) birds. Out of 4 samples, organisms could be isolated from heart blood of one ducklings liver and femur of one duck each. All the isolates were found positive to catalase, oxidase, indole, nitrate reduction test and negative to methyl red, Voges-Proskaur, citrate utilization, H2S production and triple sugar iron test. The isolates fermented glucose and manitol without production of gas and non-fermented lactose, salicin, dulcitol and inositol. The isolates were non-motile and pathogenic to mice. All isolates of P. multocida were sensitive to amoxiclav, chloramphenicol, gentamicin and three isolates were sensitive to co-trimoxazole. All were moderately sensitive to amikacin, cefotaxime, neomycin and norfloxacin and resistant to ciprofloxacin and lomefloxacin

Development of 0.2C-CrMnMoV Ultra High Strength Steel

A study was carried out to develop a low alloy ultra high strength steel by induction melting and thermomechanical treatment (TMT) containing alloying elements like carbon, manganese, molybdenum, chromium and vanadium. A base alloy was prepared with 0.24%C, 1.16% Mn, 0.23% Si, 5.61% Cr, 0.42%V, 1.01% Mo, 0.026%S and 0.032%P. It showed tensile strength of 1467 MPa, yield strength of about 1180 MPa, impact strength of 6.3J and elongation of 5.9% in as-tempered condition. Other alloy was prepared by addition of 0.054% titanium with the base composition. It displayed tensile strength, yield strength, impact toughness and % elongation of 1615 MPa, 1240 MPa, 8.2J and 6.15%, respectively. The optical, SEM and TEM microstructures confirmed that the base alloy and the titanium alloy consisted with tempered lath martensites. The remaining part of the ingot was further processed by the thermomechanical treatment. The ingots were rolled in two passes, initially at 950 C and subsequently at 850 C followed by immediate cooling in oil. The TMT plates of the base alloy confirmed the tensile strength of 1755 MPa, yield strength in excess of 1460 MPa and impact strength of 9.1J. The titanium added TMT plate displayed tensile strength of 1860 MPa, yield strength of 1580 MPa and impact strength of 10.1J. Microstructures of titanium added alloy consisted finer lath martensite and precipitates of titanium carbides/carbonitrides. It was observed that the addition of titanium significantly improved the mechanical properties of 0.2C-Cr Mn Mo V alloys and the mechanical properties were also improved significantly by thermomechanical treatment

Efficacy of Different Herbicides on Weed Flora of Berseem (\u3cem\u3eTrifolium alexandrium L.\u3c/em\u3e)

Berseem is one of the prominent winter legume fodder crops. It has 20-24% crude protein and 70% digestible dry matter. Common weeds found in berseem are Cichorium intybus, Cornopus didimus, Spergula arvensis, Chenopodium album, Rumex dentatus and some grass family weeds. Weeds compete with main crop for essential plant nutrients, light, moisture and space. They not only deteriorate fodder quality but also decrease fodder and seed yield. Weed infestation reduces normally 25-35% green fodder and seed yield. It is the major challenge to control the berseem weeds for enhancement of productivity and quality of fodder and seed yield. Hence the present investigation is undertaken to study the efficacy of some herbicides for berseem weed management

Simultaneous evidence of edge collapse and hub-filament configurations: A rare case study of a Giant Molecular Filament G45.3+0.1

We study multiwavelength and multiscale data to investigate the kinematics of molecular gas associated with the star-forming complexes G045.49+00.04 (G45E) and G045.14+00.14 (G45W) in the Aquila constellation. An analysis of the FUGIN $^{13}$CO(1-0) line data unveils the presence of a giant molecular filament (GMF G45.3+0.1; length $\sim$75 pc, mass $\sim$1.1$\times$10$^{6}$ M$_{\odot}$) having a coherent velocity structure at [53, 63] km s$^{-1}$. The GMF G45.3+0.1 hosts G45E and G45W complexes at its opposite ends. We find large scale velocity oscillations along GMF G45.3+0.1, which also reveals the linear velocity gradients of $-$0.064 and $+$0.032 km s$^{-1}$ pc$^{-1}$ at its edges. The photometric analysis of point-like sources shows the clustering of young stellar object (YSO) candidate sources at the filament's edges where the presence of dense gas and HII regions are also spatially observed. The Herschel continuum maps along with the CHIMPS $^{13}$CO(3-2) line data unravel the presence of parsec scale hub-filament systems (HFSs) in both the sites, G45E and G45W. Our study suggests that the global collapse of GMF G45.3+0.1 is end-dominated, with addition to the signature of global nonisotropic collapse (GNIC) at the edges. Overall, GMF G45.3+0.1 is the first observational sample of filament where the edge collapse and the hub-filament configurations are simultaneously investigated. These observations open up the new possibility of massive star formation, including the formation of HFSs.Comment: 23 pages, 12 figures, 1 table, Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journa

New insights in the bubble wall of NGC 3324: intertwined sub-structures and a bipolar morphology uncovered by JWST

We report the discovery of intertwined/entangled sub-structures towards the bubble wall of NGC 3324 below a physical scale of 4500 AU, which is the sharp edge/ionization front/elongated structure traced at the interface between the HII region and the molecular cloud. The sharp edge appears wavy in the Spitzer 3.6-8.0 $\mu$m images (resolution $\sim$2$''$). Star formation signatures have mostly been traced on one side of the ionization front, which lies on the molecular cloud's boundary. The James Webb Space Telescope's (JWST) near- and mid-infrared images (resolution $\sim$0.07$''$-0.7$''$) are employed to resolve the sharp edge, which has a curvature facing the exciting O-type stars. The elongated structures are associated with the 3.3 $\mu$m polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission, the 4.05 $\mu$m ionized emission, and the 4.693 $\mu$m H$_{2}$ emission. However, the PAH-emitting structures are depicted between the other two. The H$_{2}$ emission reveals numerous intertwined sub-structures which are not prominently traced in the 3.3 $\mu$m PAH emission. The separation between two sub-structures in the H$_{2}$ emission is $\sim$1.1$''$ or 2420 AU. The intertwined sub-structures are traced in the spatial areas associated with the neutral to H$_{2}$ transition zone, suggesting the origin of these structures by ``thin-shell'' instability. Furthermore, an arc-like feature traced in the Spitzer 3.6-8.0 $\mu$m images is investigated as a bipolar HII region (extent $\sim$0.35 pc) at T$_\mathrm{d}$ $\sim$25-28~K using the JWST images. A massive star candidate VPHAS-OB1 #03518 seems to be responsible for the bipolar HII region.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures; Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal (ApJ

On the usefulness of quantum chemical bond order as a local reaction path indicator: the case study of a model carbonyl addition reaction

The idea of using quantum chemical bond order(BO) as a local reaction path indicator proposed earlier with reference to ABC↔BCA type of isomerization processes is explored further with reference to model carbonyl addition reactions, e.g. H2CO+H-Cl→ H2CCl-OH and H2COH+ + H-Cl→ClCH2OH + H+. In each case the reaction is viewed as a superposition of elementary chemical events, some representing bond making and some bond breaking processes, respectively. Altogether four bonds are involved in the model. The active bond order profile in each case is marked by a sharp inflection signalling the onset of a critical process, viz. bond breaking or bond making. An extended bond energy bond order description of the addition of HCl to the >C=O moiety is suggested and tested numerically. The semilocal description is seen to model the approximate reaction path well and predict the active portion of the transition state structure fairly successfully. The local RP modelling is also seen to predict changeover in the mechanism of the reaction when conditions are altered by protonating the carbonyl group. The origin of the observed BO inflexions is sought to be correlated with Fermi correlation

Robust Linear Hybrid Beamforming Designs Relying on Imperfect CSI in mmWave MIMO IoT Networks

Linear hybrid beamformer designs are conceived for the decentralized estimation of a vector parameter in a millimeter wave (mmWave) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) Internet of Things network (IoTNe). The proposed designs incorporate both total IoTNe and individual IoTNo power constraints, while also eliminating the need for a baseband receiver combiner at the fusion center (FC). To circumvent the non-convexity of the hybrid beamformer design problem, the proposed approach initially determines the minimum mean square error (MMSE) digital transmit precoder (TPC) weights followed by a simultaneous orthogonal matching pursuit (SOMP)-based framework for obtaining the analog RF and digital baseband TPCs. Robust hybrid beamformers are also derived for the realistic imperfect channel state information (CSI) scenario, utilizing both the stochastic and norm-ball CSI uncertainty frameworks. The centralized MMSE bound derived in this work serves as a lower bound for the estimation performance of the proposed hybrid TPC designs. Finally, our simulation results quantify the benefits of the various designs developed.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figure

Deciphering the Hidden Structures of HH 216 and Pillar IV in M16: Results from JWST and HST

To probe the star formation process, we present an observational investigation of the Pillar IV and an ionized knot HH 216 in the Eagle Nebula (M16). Pillar IV is known to host a Class I protostar that drives a bipolar outflow. The outflow has produced the bow shock, HH 216, which is associated with the red-shifted outflow lobe. The James Webb Space Telescope's near- and mid-infrared images (resolution $\sim$0.07 arcsec - 0.7 arcsec) reveal the protostar as a single, isolated object (below 1000 AU). The outer boundary of Pillar IV is depicted with the 3.3 $\mu$m Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission. HH 216 is traced with the 4.05 $\mu$m Br$\alpha$ and the radio continuum emission, however it is undetected with 4.693 $\mu$m H$_{2}$ emission. HH 216 seems to be associated with both thermal and non-thermal radio emissions. High-resolution images reveal entangled ionized structures (below 3000 AU) of HH 216, which appear to be located toward termination shocks. New knots in 4.693 $\mu$m H$_{2}$ emission are detected, and are mainly found on Pillar IV's northern side. This particular result supports the previously proposed episodic accretion in the powering source of HH 216. One part of the ionized jet (extent $\sim$0.16 pc) is discovered on the southern side of the driving source. Using the $^{12}$CO($J$ = 1-0), $^{12}$CO($J$ = 3-2), and $^{13}$CO($J$ = 1-0) emission, observational signposts of Cloud-Cloud Collision (or interacting clouds) toward Pillar IV are investigated. Overall, our results suggest that the interaction of molecular cloud components around 23 and 26 km s$^{-1}$ might have influenced star formation activity in Pillar IV.Comment: 19 pages, 13 figures, 1 Tables, Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS) Journa

Large-scale magnetic fields from inflation due to a CPTCPT-even Chern-Simons-like term with Kalb-Ramond and scalar fields

We investigate the generation of large-scale magnetic fields due to the breaking of the conformal invariance in the electromagnetic field through the $CPT$-even dimension-six Chern-Simons-like effective interaction with a fermion current by taking account of the dynamical Kalb-Ramond and scalar fields in inflationary cosmology. It is explicitly demonstrated that the magnetic fields on 1Mpc scale with the field strength of $\sim 10^{-9}$G at the present time can be induced.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures, version accepted for publication in Eur. Phys. J.