Production of 163Ho Radioisotope via Induced Nuclear Reaction by Proton and Deuteron : Comparison of Theoretical Calculation and Experimental Data

The main goal of the Electron Capture 163Ho (ECHO) project is to determine the mass of neutrino. In view of the ECHO experiment necessity of production of pure 163Ho source has been realized as it offers low Q value ~2.8 keV to the Electron Capture process. However, production of long lived (4570y) 163Ho radionuclides is a challenging task. Very few experimental data are exist in the literature, which could be used to decide which nuclear reactions can be used for production of 163Ho. The cyclotron based nuclear reactions are as follows: 163Dy(p,n)163Ho, 163Dy(d,2n)163Ho, 164Dy(p,2n)163Ho, natDy(α,xn)163Er→163Ho, 159Tb(7Li,3n)163Er→163Ho, 159Tb(7Li,p2n)163Ho and the 162Er(d,n)163Tm, 164Er(p,2n)163Tm. 163Tm decays to 163Ho through 163Er. The most potential nuclear reactions among them, are the (d,xn) and (p,xn). The excitation function of these reactions are collected and compared

Automated unit for separation of arsenic with iron doped calcium alginate

The prototype of instrument was planned and under the developing for separation of arsenic from drinking water. The highly iron doped calcium alginate is the chemical agent to keep the arsenic species (anions in III and V oxidation stage) on the gel column. The objective is to enrich the capability of production at a concentration of 10 g L-1 arsenic in 1 m3 of purified water with cost less than 4 USD. During the developing 77As and 75Se radioisotopes traced the separation. The PLC automated system unit can communicate even trough satellite, and the alginate waste satisfies the “green chemistry” terminolog