A Novel Fault Tolerant Full Bridge DC/DC Converter for Photovoltaic application

Abstract: Power switches in converters are prone to open and short circuit faults. Faulty power switch in converters worsens the converter performance and it may result in failure of other devices also. Further when main power switch fails, it results in breakdown of entire system. Therefore for reliability improvement of full bridge DC/DC converter in PV system, this research paper presents a novel fault tolerant converter topology  for exact faulty power switch localization and isolation from main path so that redundant faulty power switch can be brought in action and still system will provide desired output power. The converter presented here need two redundant power switches and relays to provide fault tolerant competence. It has four operating states which are normal state, faulty state, fault diagnostic state and fault recovery state. In the technique presented here RMS current at given test points is computed and compared with threshold RMS current for determination of faulty power switch. Graph theory is used to show the topological equivalence of converter in normal and fault recovery states. Simulation and experimental results have shown that converter efficiency remains same in both normal and fault recovery state

Study of Adverse Health Effects Due to Mobile Tower Radiation situated in Densely Populated Residential Areas

Use of mobiles is increased tremendously in recent years; therefore to cover these mobile subscribers it is essential to increase the number of base stations. Nowadays these base stations are located in intensely populated areas. People around these base stations will get exposed to electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure which is radiated from base stations. This EMF exposure is called as non-ionizing radiation. Non-ionizing radiation has some adverse health effects. People are not aware of it in India. Power density is measured in nearby areas of mobile tower base stations which are located in densely populated areas. The places selected are Pachgaon, Kandalgaon, Kasba bawada, Tarabai Park, Mahalaxmi Nagar, RK Nagar, and Jarag Nagar in Kolhapur. The EMF exposure is measured in terms of power densities and electric field which were well below the international standard ICNIRP and national standard DoT. A questionnaire was prepared to find the different adverse health effects faced by the people living around the base stations. Different health symptoms of electromagnetic field exposure faced by the people within 20m, 50m and 150m are analyzed. Symptoms such as a headache and sleep disorder, daytime sleepiness, depression and memory changes were found in the study

Nesting and Breeding of Common coot (Fulica atra) (Aves: Rallidae) in Ujani-Bhigwan reservoir Maharashtra, India

In present investigation nesting and breeding of common coot (Fulica atra) from Ujani-Bhigwan reservoir, Maharashtra, India.  Total 56 nests were observed in study area, in which 31 eggs and 68 chicks were observed. Parameters such as depth of water, nest distance from river bank, shape of nest and nest material were assessed in this research. Nest construction, Parental care, and feeding to youngones are contributed by both of parents. The Typha angustifolia and Ipomoea carnea was main base for the nest construction of common coot (Fulica atra). Predator, over fishing, pollution, illegal sand mining, tourist activities and anthropogenic activity are threats identified to the nest of common coot (Fulica atra). It is an important primary data-base for this nesting site of Common coot with major details fist-time

Bioanalytical Method Development and Validation: A Review

For various types of drug approval processes like INDs, NDAs, ANDAs, veterinary drug approval, the data related to bioanalytical method development and validation is needed to sponsors. Various agencies namely US FDA, American association of pharmaceutical scientists (AAPS), Health protection Branch (HPB), Association of analytical chemists (AOAC), Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), European Medicine Agency (EMA), China Food and Drug administration(CFDA), European Bioanalytical Forum (EBF), Global CRO council (GCC), ANVISA (Brazil), Japan Bioanalytical Forum (JBF) had done collective efforts at different timings to regulate and harmonize bioanalytical method development and validation

Alum [KAl(SO4)2•12H2O] catalyzed microwave assisted synthesis of 5-arylidine-2-(methylthio)-thiazolone derivatives in water

An efficient and environmentally benign method has been developed for the synthesis of 5-arylidine-2-(methylthio)-thiazolones derivatives using Alum [KAl(SO4)2·12H2O] catalyst and triethyl amine in water under microwave irradiation. This green transformation generated one C-S and one C-C bond, condensation and S-methylation. Notable advantages for the present protocol include, short reaction time, cleaner reaction profile and easy isolation of product by microwave irradiation technique using green catalyst and solvent

VGLUT1 binding to endophilin or intersectin1 and dynamin phosphorylation in a diurnal context

Glutamate is concentrated into synaptic vesicles (SV) by the vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUT) 1 and 2. VGLUTs also harbor a Na+/Pi-transport activity when residing at the plasma membrane. Here we aimed to identify whether the diurnal switches of VGLUT1 parallels interactions with or modification of endocytic proteins.VGLUT1 and dynamin bind to SH3 domains of either endophilin (Enph) or intersectin 1 (ITSN1) harboring one or five SH3 domains A–E, respectively. We followed diurnal variations by pull down experiments using SH3 fusion protein and brains from mice entrained in a strict 24-h light–dark cycle (12-h light Zeitgeber (ZT) 0, 6; 12-h dark ZT 12 and 18). In pull downs with EnphSH3 interaction with VGLUT1 is high during the resting light and reduced during the active dark period while dynamin binding does not vary. This diurnal light/dark pattern depends on a functional period 2 gene and changes when animals are kept in complete darkness. Pull downs using ITSN1SH3 A reveal diurnally varying binding of VGLUT1 with slightly reduced VGLUT1/dynamin ratios at the beginning of the light (ZT 0) or the dark (ZT 12) period. Phosphorylation increases binding of VGLUT1 but not of dynamin to EnphSH3. In contrast binding of dynamin to ITSN1SH3 A decreases under phosphorylating conditions with no changes in VGLUT1 binding. Phosphorylation of dynamin at Ser 774 is high at ZT 6 and ZT 18 when more VGLUT1 is at the plasma membrane but low at ZT 0 and ZT 12 the diurnal peaks of VGLUT1 endocytosis. In conclusion the diurnally varying endocytosis of VGLUT1 involves differential interactions with the SH3 domains of Enph and ITSN1 and correlates with the de-phosphorylation of dynamin1

An alum [KAl (SO4)2.12H2O] catalyzed microwave assisted multicomponent synthesis of bioactive functionalized benzylpyrazolyl coumarin and quinolinone derivatives in PEG

An efficient and environmentally benign method has been developed for the synthesis of benzylpyrazolyl coumarin and quinolinone derivatives, hydroxy coumarin derivatives using Alum [KAl (SO4)2.12H2O] catalyst and Polyethylene glycol as green solvent under microwave condition. Keywords: Knoevenagel, Michael addition reaction, coumarins, quinolinones, alum, polyethylene glycol, multicomponent microwave irradiation method

Efficacy and safety of Glycebal (PDM011011) capsules as adjuvant therapy in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus: an open label, randomized, active controlled, phase II trial

Background. Momordica charantia is a medicinal plant used traditionally for treatment of various diseases including diabetes.Objective. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of PDM011011 capsules (1.2 g/day) as an adjuvant therapy in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods. Each PDM011011 capsule contained 400 mg dry fruit juice powder of Momordica charantia. Ninety three T2DM patients receiving at least one oral hypoglycemic treatment were screened. The eligible 85 subjects were randomized into 3:1 ratio in drug treatment (PDM011011 capsules) and placebo arm. Sixty-four patients received three 400 mg PDM011011 capsules (1.2 g/day) while 21 patients received three placebo capsules per day for 90 days respectively. The primary efficacy endpoints were mean change in FPG, PPG level and HbA1c% from baseline to day 30, 60 and 90 after interventions.Results. PDM011011-capsule (1.2 g/day) showed significant reduction in FPG level by 14.59% after 90 days treatment, while patients receiving placebo capsules exhibited a marginal increase of 2.12%. The reduction in FPG level was statistically significant (p = 0.013) as compared with the placebo group. It also reduced PPG level by 22.21% as compared to the 3.71% reduction (p = 0.002) in placebo group. The encouraging reduction in HbA1c% in the drug group was 0.78 as compared to the placebo group with only 0.20 (p = 0.066). PDM011011 capsule showed no adverse events, serious adverse events and death in the study population.Conclusion. PDM011011-capsule (1.2 g/day) showed good efficacy and safety; and it can be prescribed as an adjuvant therapy in subjects with T2DM

Design and Fabrication of Gearless Power Transmission in Angular Position Using Rods: A Review

Power conduction with minimum loss is the major standards while calculating the effectiveness of the device. Most of the devices are using the gear conduction from the input to output but it has the major power injury due to resistance. A research in this area brought new ideas to conduct the power using altered mechanism. This paper considers and workouts the new mechanism by changing the bevel gear with 90º poke is used to conduct the power. This conduction system specifies that there is the opportunity of right angle power conduction without gears in effective way. In this paper the power is conducted with six pokescentrifugallyconnected at an angle of 60º with respect to the center of the axis. The project gearless conduction is being compact and portable apparatus, which is competent and is having something specific in conducting power atan90ºdirection without any gears being mass-produce

The global burden of adolescent and young adult cancer in 2019 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background In estimating the global burden of cancer, adolescents and young adults with cancer are often overlooked, despite being a distinct subgroup with unique epidemiology, clinical care needs, and societal impact. Comprehensive estimates of the global cancer burden in adolescents and young adults (aged 15-39 years) are lacking. To address this gap, we analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, with a focus on the outcome of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), to inform global cancer control measures in adolescents and young adults. Methods Using the GBD 2019 methodology, international mortality data were collected from vital registration systems, verbal autopsies, and population-based cancer registry inputs modelled with mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs). Incidence was computed with mortality estimates and corresponding MIRs. Prevalence estimates were calculated using modelled survival and multiplied by disability weights to obtain years lived with disability (YLDs). Years of life lost (YLLs) were calculated as age-specific cancer deaths multiplied by the standard life expectancy at the age of death. The main outcome was DALYs (the sum of YLLs and YLDs). Estimates were presented globally and by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintiles (countries ranked and divided into five equal SDI groups), and all estimates were presented with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). For this analysis, we used the age range of 15-39 years to define adolescents and young adults. Findings There were 1.19 million (95% UI 1.11-1.28) incident cancer cases and 396 000 (370 000-425 000) deaths due to cancer among people aged 15-39 years worldwide in 2019. The highest age-standardised incidence rates occurred in high SDI (59.6 [54.5-65.7] per 100 000 person-years) and high-middle SDI countries (53.2 [48.8-57.9] per 100 000 person-years), while the highest age-standardised mortality rates were in low-middle SDI (14.2 [12.9-15.6] per 100 000 person-years) and middle SDI (13.6 [12.6-14.8] per 100 000 person-years) countries. In 2019, adolescent and young adult cancers contributed 23.5 million (21.9-25.2) DALYs to the global burden of disease, of which 2.7% (1.9-3.6) came from YLDs and 97.3% (96.4-98.1) from YLLs. Cancer was the fourth leading cause of death and tenth leading cause of DALYs in adolescents and young adults globally. Interpretation Adolescent and young adult cancers contributed substantially to the overall adolescent and young adult disease burden globally in 2019. These results provide new insights into the distribution and magnitude of the adolescent and young adult cancer burden around the world. With notable differences observed across SDI settings, these estimates can inform global and country-level cancer control efforts. Copyright (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.Peer reviewe