In vitro exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) stimulates spontaneous feline uterine contractions

Yildirim, Ebru/0000-0002-6289-0729; Kabakci, Ruhi/0000-0001-9131-0933; Elifoglu, Taha Burak/0000-0002-2302-6321WOS:000560988800020Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is widely used as a plasticizer in various products such as PVC-derived plastics, toys, packaging materials, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. This study aimed to investigate the effect of DEHP on spontaneous contractions of the feline uterus in vitro. Tubal 1-cm uterine samples prepared from 10, 9, and 12 uteri obtained from adult cats in estrus (n = 5), diestrus (n = 5), and interestrus (n = 5), respectively, after ovariohysterectomy were suspended in an isolated organ bath in aerated Krebs solution at 39 +/- 1 degrees C, and an initial 1 g tension was given. After 1 h equilibration of tissues, the spontaneous contractions were recorded for 10 min as control. The effects of solvent and DEHP (0.001-100 mu M) on contractions were then evaluated in terms of frequency and mean amplitude parameters. It was observed that DEHP had no effect on uterine contractions of cats in interestrus. However, DEHP significantly increased the mean amplitude of uterine contractions during the estrus and diestrus periods at concentrations of 1 mu M and 10 mu M, respectively, depending on the dose (P 0.05). 'this study, carried out for the first time in cats, showed that DEHP has a stimulatory effect on uterine contractions. We concluded that disruption of the uterine contractions, which are essential for physiological reproductive processes such as regular estrous cycles, sperm and zygote transport, implantation and continuation of pregnancy, by DEHP exposure may cause many reproductive problems

Hidrometralı bir kedide adenom ve endometrial polipoid

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Doğum ve Jinekoloji Anabilim Dalı Kliniğine l yaşlı bir kedi abort şüphesi ile getirildi. Tekrarlayan kanlı vaginal akıntıdan dolayı hasta gözetimimiz altına alındı. Ultrasonografide fötüs gözlenmediğinden ve uterusta anekojen bir alan olduğundan bu vakanın abortus olmadığı sonucuna varıldı. Kedide, ultrasonografı ile tespit edilen anekojenik alan büyük olduğundan medikal yolla tedavi edilemiyeceği kanısına varıldı. Vaginal akıntıya rağmen hastanın genel durumu operasyon için elverişliydi. Bu yüzden, ovariohisterektomi yapılmasına karar verildi. Uterusun histopatolojik incelemesinde endometrial polipler, adenom ve hidrometra tespit edildi.A 1 -year-old cat with a suspected abortion was brought to the clinic of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University. The cat was examined because of a reoccurrence of a bloody vaginal discharge. Failure to detect a foetus by ultrasonography and the presence of an anechoic zone in the uterus revealed that there had not an abortion. Since the anechoic zone was large, it was thought that a pharmacological approach would not be successful. Despite the vaginal discharge, the physical condition of the patient was suitable for surgery. Therefore, we decided to perform an ovariohysterectomy. Histopathological examination of the uterus revealed adenoma, hydrometra and proliferative polyps in the endometrium

The effect of follicle stimulating hormone and human menopausal gonadotropin on in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes

Bu çalışmanın amacı; benzer gonadotropinlere göre daha ucuz olan ve kolay bulunabilen FSH (Follikül Uyarıcı Hormon) ve hMG (İnsan Menopozal Gonadotropini) hormonlarının sığır oositlerindeki in vitro maturasyon oranlarına etkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Oositlerin in vitro maturasyonu sırasında vasatlara eklenen hormonlara göre; FSH kullanılan Grup 1, hMG kullanılan Grup 2 ve kontrol grubu (Grup 3) olmak üzere 3 grup oluşturuldu. In vitro maturasyondan sonra, Grup 1 'de Giemsa ile boyaması yapılan oositlerin %14.36'sınm GV (Germinal Vezikül), %6.38'inin M I (Metafaz I), %76,07'sinin M II döneminde olduğu belirlenirken, %3.19'unun dejenere olduğu tespit edildi. Bu dururn-2. ve 3. Grupta sırasıyla %11.40; %15.54; %66.84; %6.22 ve %23.03; %6.06; %64.24; %6.67 olarak belirlendi. Gruplarda oluşan dağılımların birbirinden farklı olduğu tespit edildi (p<0.05). Grup l'de M H'ye ulaşan oositin fazla ve dejenere oositin az olması nedeniyle FSH'nm avantaj oluşturduğu gözlendi. Sonuç olarak, sığır oositlerinin in vitro maturasyonunda vasat katkı maddesi olarak FSH kullanımının hMG'ye göre daha başarılı olduğu belirlendi. Bununla birlikte, sığır oositlerinin in vitro maturasyonu için en uygun ortam sağlanana kadar, farklı dozlarda FSH ve hMG hormonlarım da içeren vasat ve katkı maddeleri üzerine yapılan çalışmaların sürdürülmesi gerekmektedir.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) and hMG (human Menopausal Gonadotropin) which are both easy to obtain and cheap when compared to other gonadotropins, on in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes. According to hormone added to in vitro maturation media, three groups were formed; Group I (FSH), Group II (hMG) and Group III (Control). After the in vitro maturation, Giemsa staining of oocytes in group I revealed that 14.36% of oocytes were at GV (Germinal Vesicle) stage, 6.38% of oocytes were at M I (Metaphase I) stage and 76.07% of oocytes were at M II stage while 3.19% of oocytes were degenerated. The percentages of oocytes at stages GV, M I, M II and degenerated oocytes in groups II and III were 11.40%, 15.54%, 66.84%, 6.22% and 23.03%, 6.06%, 64.24%, 6.67% respectively. Distribution of oocytes into different stages within the groups was significantly different (p&lt;0.05). The higher number of M II stage oocytes and the lower number of degenerated oocytes in group I reveals the advantage of FSH supplementation. In conclusion, the use of FSH as a media supplement in in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes is more succesful than the use of hMG. In addition, more studies concerning media arid supplements used in in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes, which include different doses of FSH and hMG, are needed until best results obtained

The Effects of Cadmium, Copper and Lead on In Vitro Bovine Uterine Contractility

WOS: 000328082700010The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro effects of cadmium, copper and lead on isolated bovine uterus contractions at follicular and luteal stage. In this study myometrial strips obtained from healthy Holstein cows slaughtered in Kirikkale slaughterhouse were used. The strips were mounted to isolated organ bath under a basal tension of 2 g. The effects of 10(-5) M cadmium, 10(-4) M copper and 10(-4) M lead on the spontaneous, 2.5 mIU/ml oxytocin and 10(-6) M PGF(2) alpha induced contractions were examined. At follicular stage, all contractility parameters (maximum and mean amplitudes and frequency) of uterine induced by oxytocin and prostaglandin F-2 alpha (PGF(2) alpha), and at the luteal stage all contractility parameters of spontaneous, oxytocin and PGF(2) alpha induced contractions were decreased significantly by cadmium. At follicular stage the maximum and mean amplitude of spontaneous contractions, all contractility parameters induced by oxytocin, the frequency and maximum amplitude caused by PGF(2) alpha and, at the luteal stage the maximum amplitude of spontaneous contractions, the frequency and maximum amplitude of uterine contractions induced by oxytocin, and maximum-mean amplitude of contractions induced by PGF(2) alpha were decreased by copper. While lead decreased the frequency of uterine contractions induced by PGF(2) alpha and oxytocin at folicular and luteal stage, at luteal stage it increased the mean amplitude of spontaneous contractions. It was suggested that cadmium, copper and lead changed the contractility of bovine uterine; therefore this may be effect the fertility in cattles

Mixed sarcoid in a mare

Bu raporda, 8 yaşlı yarım kan İngiliz bir kısrağın ventral abdomen bölgesinde saptanan miks sarkoid olgusu klinik ve patolojik bulguları ile tanımlanmıştır. Tümör, 6x4x3 cm ölçülerinde, yüzeyi ülserli ve kanamalı, kılsız deri ile örtülü deri yüzeyden taşkın diskoid şekilli bir kitleden ibaretti. Histopatolojik incelemede, epidermiste yaygın ülser alanları, hiperplazi, oıtokeratotik hiperkeratoz ve yer yer epitelyal incelmeler dikkati çekti. Nadiren akantozis ve kistik kıl folliküllerine rastlandı. Dermişte yumak şeklinde kıvrımlar oluşturan fibroblast benzeri iğ ve çomak şekilli hücre proliferasyonları görüldü. Farklı sarkoid tiplerine ait klinik ve histopatolojik bulgular gözlenen bu tümöre miks sarkoid tanısı konuldu.In this report, a mixed sarcoid case detected on the ventral abdomen region of an 8 year-old Throughbreed horse was described with clinical and pathological findings. The tumor was 6x4x3 cm in size, discoid in shape and contained ulcerative and haemorrhagic areas on the hairless skin. Histopathologically, widespread ulceration, hyperplasia, orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis and thinning of the epidermis were observed. Occasionally, acanthosis and follicular cysts were also detected. Whorls of fibroblast-like spindle and spheroidal cell proliferations were seen in dermis. This tumor was diagnosed as mixed sarcoid because of the clinical and histopathological findings consistent with different sarcoid types

Comparison of some biochemical parameters of the gestation and lactation periods of the Angora and Van cats

Bu çalışmanın amacı; Ankara ve Van kedilerinin gebelik ve laktasyon dönemlerindeki bazı serum biyokimyasal parametrelerini ve ırkın bu parametreler üzerine etkisini araştırmaktır. Ayrıca kedilerin gebelik ve laktasyon dönemi biyokimyasal değerlerine de katkı sağlamaktır. Çalışmada 3-4 yaşlarında, üç Ankara ve dört Van kedisine ait toplam 80-85 adet serum örneği kullanıldı. Kedilerden gebeliklerinin erken, orta ve geç dönemleri ile laktasyon döneminin er- ken ve geç dönemlerinde kan alındı. Kan serumlarında alanin aminotransferaz (ALT) ve aspartat aminotransferaz (AST) aktiviteleri, glikoz, total kolesterol, total protein, albumin, globulin, kalsiyum (Ca), inorganik fosfor (Pi) ve magnez- yum (Mg) düzeyleri belirlendi. Gebeliğin orta döneminde ALT aktivitesi, geç gebelik döneminde globulin ve Ca düzeyle- ri yönünden ırklar arasında fark bulundu (p0.05). Gebelik ve laktasyon dönemi ALT ve AST aktiviteleri, glikoz, total kolesterol, albumin, Pi ve Mg düzeylerinin referans aralıkları içinde olduğu, total protein, globulin ve Ca düzeylerinin ise referans aralıkların üzerinde olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak; elde edilen bu değerlerle hem ülkemizin lokal ırklarının hem de yeterince veri bulunmayan kedi türünün gebelik ve laktasyon dönemi biyokimyasal özelliklerinin belirlenmesine katkı sağlanacağı kanısına varıldı.The aims of the present study are to determine and compare the some biochemical parameters of the Angora and Van cats during their gestation and lactation period, as well as contributing to the biochemical parameters of the domestic cat species during their periods of gestation and lactation. A total of 80-85 sera belonging to three Angora and four Van cats of three to four years of age were used. The blood samples were collected from the cats during their early, mid and late gestation and early and late lactation periods. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glucose, total cholesterol, total protein, albumin, globulin, calcium (Ca), inorganic phosphorus (Pi) and magnesium (Mg) levels were determined in blood serum. Differences were detected between cat breeds in ALT levels during the mid period, and in globulin and Ca levels during the late period of gestation (p<0.05). The ALT, AST, glucose, cholesterol, albumin, Pi and Mg levels were within the reference range but total protein, globulin and Ca levels were above the reference range during the gestation and lactation period. In conclusion it is believed that these findings will greatly contribute to the biochemical characteristics of the gestation and lactation periods of the Angora and Van cats of Turkey and also to the corresponding periods of the domestic cat species for which those biochemical parameters are lacking

The Effects of Bisphenol A on in Vitro Cat Uterus Contractility

KABAKCI, Ruhi/0000-0001-9131-0933WOS: 000453220100152

Monitoring Schmallenberg Virus Specific Maternal Antibodies in Calves

Schmallenberg virüsü (SBV) sığır ve koyunlarda abort, ishal ve süt veriminin azalmasına neden olan bir etken olarak 2011 yılında keşfedilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, SBV ile doğal enfekte ineklerin ve kolostrumu alan buzağıların serum örneklerinde SBV özgül antikorlarının ELISA ile tespit edilebildiği sürenin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Bir sığır çiftliğinde bulunan 148 baş inek ve buzağıdan alınan serumlarda SBV özgül antikor varlığı ELISA ile araştırıldı. İneklerde ve bu ineklere ait buzağılarda SBV özgül antikor yanıtı 8 ay boyunca aralıklarla izlendi. Toplamda 148 örnek içinde 6 tanesi yeni doğan buzağı olmak üzere 26 serum örneğinde SBV özgül antikor yanıtı pozitif olarak belirlendi (%17.56). Kolostrum almış buzağılardan 8. aya kadar serum örnekleri toplanıp SBV özgül antikor yönünden tarama yapıldı. Buzağılarda SBV seropozitifliğinin belirlenmesinin kolostrumdan kaynaklandığı görüldü. SBV seropozitif buzağıların tamamı SBV açısından 8. ayda seronegatif olarak tespit edildi ve ineklerdeki SBV seropozitiflik oranı %13.51 (20/148) olarak belirlendi. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma ile buzağılardaki SBV özgül maternal antikorların 8 aylık yaşa kadar varlığı teyit edildi. Bu neden ile SBV özgül antikor varlığı tespiti için buzağılarda yapılacak serolojik taramaların 8. aydan sonra başlaması önerildi. Aşı etkinliğinin belirlenmesi için SBV'nin koruyucu ve interfere antikor seviyesini incelendiği detaylı bir çalışma gerekli olduğu ortaya konuldu.Schmallenberg virus (SBV), emerged in 2011, cause abortion, diarrhea and reduced milk yield in cattle and sheep. The aim of this study was to determine the duration of SBV specific maternal antibodies in calves. For this purpose, 148 sera collected from cattle and calves were tested for SBV specific antibodies with ELISA. SBV specific antibody response was monitored during 8 months in cattle and their calves. SBV seropositivity was detected in 26 out of (six of them from newborn calves) 148 samples (17.56%). Calves were tested for SBV specific antibody for 8 months after colostrum intake. Seropositivity in calves born from SBV seropositive cattle is thought to be due to colostral maternal antibodies. All SBV seropositive calves became seronegative after 8 months and SBV seropositivity of cattle was determined as 13.51% (20/148). In conclusion SBV maternal antibodies persistence for 8 months in calves is confirmed and therefore it is suggested that serological monitoring for SBV antibodies in calves should be initiated after 8 months of age. Furthermore it is necessary to investigate SBV specific protecting and interfering antibody levels for evaluation of vaccination efficiency

Inhibitory effect of Bisphenol A on in vitro feline uterine contractions

KABAKCI, Ruhi/0000-0001-9131-0933WOS: 000469907300004PubMed: 30967318Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental pollutant used as a plasticizer in the manufacture of many plastic products, such as packaging, containers, and water and beverage bottles. There are deleterious effects of BPA on metabolic, endocrine, nervous, and reproductive systems. This is the first study in which there was investigation of the in vitro effect of BPA on the spontaneous contractions of the cat uterus. The tubal uterine segments (1 cm) collected from queens in estrus were suspended in an isolated organ bath. Following tissue stabilization, spontaneous contractions were recorded for 10 min to constitute the control group. The effects of the solvent (alcohol) and BPA at different concentrations (1, 10, and 100 mu M) on uterine contractions were subsequently evaluated at 10 min intervals in terms of frequency and mean amplitude variables. The ethanol vehicle did not alter the uterine contractions compared to the control group. All concentrations of BPA used in the study resulted in a reduction (P < 0.05) in amplitude of uterine contractions in a dose-dependent manner, while only the largest dose of BPA decreased the frequency of contractions (P < 0.05). In reproductive physiology, regular uterine contractions facilitate successful fertilization, migration, implantation, and maintenance of pregnancy, as well as fetus expulsion. The results of this study indicate BPA has an inhibitory effect on spontaneous contractions of the cat uterus. It is proposed that this suppressive effect of BPA on uterine contractions might lead to queen infertility

Seroprevalance of Schmallenberg virus and its relationship with some geographical features in sheep reared in Kirikkale*

Avrupa'da 2011 yılında ruminantları etkileyen yeni bir virüs belirlenmiştir. Schmallenberg olarak isimlendirilen bu virüsün Türkiye'deki yaygınlığı üzerine yapılan çalışmalar oldukça sınırlı sayıdadır. Bu çalışmada; koyun yetiştiriciliğinde büyük ekonomik kayıplara neden olan Schmallenberg virüsün (SBV) seroprevalansı ve Culicoides'lerle nakledilmesinden dolayı bazı coğrafi özellikler (rakım, büyük su kaynaklarına yakın olması) ile seroprevalans arası ilişkinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, Kırıkkale merkez ve ilçelerinde, 684 ile 1219 m arası rakımda bulunan, 38 koyun sürüsündeki 1038 hayvandan (969 koyun, 69 koç) kan serum örneği alınarak ticari ELISA kiti ile SBV özgül antikorları yönünden değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmaya alınan hayvanların yaşları 2 - 4 (n517), 4 - 6 (n474), 6 (n47) olarak gruplandırılmıştır. Örneklenen hayvanların %0.38'i (4/1038) pozitif, %0.57'si (6/1038) şüpheli olarak değerlendirilmiştir. SBV antikorları yönünden pozitif olarak belirlenen dört hayvanın birinin koç, üçünün koyun; şüpheli olarak değerlendirilen altı hayvanın ise birinin koç, beşinin koyun olduğu belirlenmiştir. Pozitif ve şüpheli olarak belirlenen hayvanların bulunduğu sürülerin belli bir rakımda yoğunlaşmadığı ve bu sürülerin yarısının büyük su kaynaklarına yakın olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. SBV yönünden pozitif örnek sayısı az olduğu için seroprevalansı ile yaş grupları, cinsiyet ve bazı coğrafi özellikler arasındaki ilişki istatistiksel olarak değerlendirilmemiştir. Kırıkkale'de yetiştirilen koyunlarda, SBV seroprevalansının araştırıldığı bu çalışma ile enfeksiyonun varlığı ilk kez ortaya konulmuş olup, abortus/anomalili yavru doğumları gözlenen sürülerde, söz konusu enfeksiyonun da araştırılmasının uygun olabileceği kanısına varılmıştır.A virus, which effects ruminants, was firstly described in 2011 in Europe. There are limited information about this virus called Schmallenberg in Turkey. The aim of the present study was to determine the seroprevalance of Schmallenberg virus (SBV), which may cause major economic losses to sheep, and the association between seroprevalance and some geographical features (e.g. altitude, near a large water source) because of transmission by Culicoides spp. Blood samples from 1038 animals (969 ewes, 69 rams) in 38 flocks were collected and evaluated with a commercial ELISA kit in terms of specific antibody for SBV in centrum and eight towns of Kirikkale, where the altitudes ranges from 684 to 1219 meters. Age groups of the animals were determined as >2 - 4 - 6 (n 47) years old. The samples of Schmallenberg virus specific antibody detected as positive and suspected were 0.38% (4/1038) and 0.57% (6/1038), respectively. One out of four Schmallenberg virus specific antibody positive animals was ram, the others were ewes. On the other hand, one out of six Schmallenberg virus specific antibody suspected animals was ram, the others were ewes. The flocks of the animals with the virus specific antibody positive and suspected animals were not in places with the certain altitudes and the half of those flocks were not close to large water sources. Due to the limited numbers of animals with the virus specific antibody positive, no statistical analysis were performed to see the association between the seroprevalance of the virus and gender, age of the animals and the geographical features of the places. This study that is first investigation about Schmallenberg virus seroprevalence in sheep in Kirikkale, showed the presence of the virus specific antibody. It was also thought that this virus should be considered as the cause of abortion and malformed births in flocks