Simulação numérica do escoamento atmosférico sobre edifícios altos para determinação do efeito de vizinhança

Numerical simulations of atmospheric flow were carried out in this study in order to evaluate the neighborhood effects on the wind loading over standard model-scale tall buildings. The computational models were developed by solving the steady-state Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations (RANS equations) with turbulence treated by a k-ε model. Two building positioning scenarios were simulated: scenario-1 consisted of the isolated configuration of a standard model-scale building and scenario-2 was composed of the standard building with a selected neighborhood. Both scenarios were analyzed for wind incidence angles of zero, 45, and 90 degrees. The numerical results were obtained in terms of pressure and force coefficients which allowed the determination of neighborhood factors. The simulations showed that the neighborhood influences the mean wind loading on the faces of the standard building, sometimes amplifying the load (in the case of incident winds at zero and 90 degrees), sometimes attenuating the acting forces (in the case of incident winds at zero and 45 degrees). The numerical results were compared with experimental data and showed similar orders of magnitude suggesting that the simulations correctly describe the physical behavior of the wind action.Nesse trabalho foram realizadas simulações numéricas do escoamento atmosférico com o principal objetivo de avaliar os efeitos de vizinhança em edifícios altos. Os modelos computacionais foram desenvolvidos mediante o uso do método RANS, sendo o fechamento da turbulência tratado por um modelo do tipo k-ε. Foram simulados dois cenários de posicionamento de edifícios: o cenário-1 consistiu na configuração isolada de um edifício padrão e o cenário-2 foi composto pelo edifício padrão com uma vizinhança selecionada. Ambos os cenários foram analisados para ângulos de incidência de ventos de zero, 45 e 90 graus. Os resultados numéricos foram obtidos em termos de coeficientes de pressão e força, os quais permitiram a determinação dos fatores de vizinhança. As simulações mostraram que a vizinhança influencia de forma significativa a atuação do vento sobre as fachadas do edifício padrão, ora amplificando o carregamento, ora atenuando as forças atuantes. Os resultados numéricos foram comparados com experimentos e mostraram ordens de grandeza semelhantes, sugerindo que as simulações descrevem de forma adequada o comportamento físico da ação dos ventos.

MEMÓRIAS DE UM MESTRE DO ECOFESTIVAL DO PEIXE-BOI DE NOVO AIRÃO: REFLEXÕES, VIVÊNCIAS E PROTAGONISMO

MEMORIES OF A MASTER OF THE ECO-FESTIVAL OF THE MANATEE OF NOVO AIRÃO: REFLECTIONS, EXPERIENCES AND PROTAGONISM   Abstract: Analyzing the Novo Airão’s Ecofestival as an artistic process in the writing phase of its own history, this study aims to record part of that history, through one of its builders, the artist Raimundo Ércules dos Santos Alves. To this end, it developed a qualitative study, focusing on the narrator's life story, the data were heard via semi-structured interview. The selected data indicate a party in the wake of cultural hybridism, as a space for exchange with other Amazonian festivals, especially Parintinense. Thus, the artist builds and builds a party concurrently, through development work, or allows him to think about the social history of folklore, as well as the conceptions of his work and the people involved in the performance of the show. Some conclusions stand out from the artist's memories: the work done as a deconstructor of stigmas links a prejudice and racism and the ecofestival as an identity created by multiple hands, a process that has been consolidated since the late 1980s. Keywords: Gender; Popular Culture; “Ecofestival do Peixe-Boi”; “Peixe-Boi Jaú”Analisando o Ecofestival de Novo Airão como processo artístico em fase de escrita da própria história, este estudo objetiva registrar parte dessa história, por meio de um de seus construtores, o artista Raimundo Ércules dos Santos Alves. Para tanto, desenvolveu-se estudo qualitativo, com foco na história de vida do narrador, cujos dados foram obtidos via entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados permitem apontar a festa na esteira do hibridismo cultural, como espaço de troca com outros festivais amazônicos, especialmente o parintinense. Assim, o artista se constrói e constrói a festa concomitantemente, por meio do trabalho que desenvolve, o que permite a ele refletir sobre a história social do folguedo, bem como das concepções de seu labor e do povo que se envolve na realização do espetáculo. Algumas conclusões sobressaem-se das memórias do artista: a obra realizada como desconstrutora de estigmas ligados a preconceito e racismo e o Ecofestival como identidade construída por múltiplas mãos, processo que vem se consolidando desde o fim da década de 1980. Palavras-chave: Novo Airão; Arte; Ecofestival do Peixe-Boi; Peixe-Boi Jaú; Peixe-Boi Anavilhanas

SENTIDOS DA FESTA: REFLEXÕES E SABERES

PARTY MEANINGS: REFLECTIONS AND KNOWLEDGE   Abstract: This moment in the dossier contemplates multiple actions and knowledge of those and those who work in many places and in different ways at Amazonian festivals. Items, creators, fans, presidents, composers present themselves from different perspectives to speak, in an autoetnographic methodology, of their points of view about the views of the points where they are located. Aiming to give visibility to the people who make and live the party, the communications presented here show the parties in full force and action, with subjects moving in the great webs of joy. Keywords: Parties; Art; Popular culture.Este momento do dossiê contempla múltiplos fazeres e saberes daqueles e daquelas que atuam em muitos lugares e de diversas formas nas festas amazônicas. Itens, criadores, torcedores, presidentes, compositores apresentam-se por diversas perspectivas para falar, em uma metodologia autoetnográfica, de seus pontos de vista acerca das vistas dos pontos em que se situam. Objetivando dar visibilidade ao povo que faz e vive a festa, as comunicações aqui apresentadas mostram as festas em potência e ato, com sujeitos em movimento nas grandes teias da alegria. Palavras-chave: Festas; Arte; Cultura Popular

Planejamento e políticas públicas de sustentabilidade energética: incentivo à produção e uso de energias renováveis

This work analyses the model of energy production and the use of renewable energy in Brazil with a sustainable development point of view. In this regard, it is pointed out the production of renewable energy as an alternative solution to reduce expenses costs through initial investment in the implementation of an own energy generation model towards sustainability. The diversification of the energy matrix with clean and renewable sources in substitution of the energy model based on fossil energy sources, besides being environmentally correct, has a relevant national importance. In the methodological scope it is rational to leave this writing as a theoretical study, a qualitative approach and a technical bibliographic procedure. Some results, a priori, indicate that the use of alternative sources minimizes the consumption of conventional energy sources, which generates large degradation to the environment. Many of these alternative sources are plentiful in the country. Finally, we present some public policies that the Federal Government is implementing in Higher Education Federal Institutions (IFES) for the incentive and use of renewable energies.Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar o modelo de produção energética e o uso de energias renováveis no Brasil com vistas ao desenvolvimento sustentável. Neste sentido, aponta-se a produção de energias renováveis como solução alternativa para redução das despesas de custeio mediante investimento inicial na implantação de um modelo de geração própria de energia visando à sustentabilidade. A diversificação da matriz energética com fontes limpas e renováveis em substituição ao modelo energético baseado em fontes de energias fósseis, além de ambientalmente correto, possui uma relevante importância nacional. No âmbito metodológico é racional deixar posto que está escrita se trata de um estudo teórico, de abordagem qualitativa e de procedimento técnico bibliográfico. Alguns resultados, a priori, indicam que o uso de fontes alternativas minimiza o consumo das fontes energéticas convencionais, que geram grandes degradações no meio ambiente. Muitas destas fontes alternativas são abundantes no país. Por fim, apresentam-se algumas políticas públicas que o Governo Federal está implantando nas Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior (IFES) para o incentivo e uso das energias renováveis

Prospective study of ventricular function and myocardial deformation related to survival in acute Chagas disease: an experimental animal model

Chagas disease (CD) has been changing from an endemic Latino-American disease to a condition found outside endemic regions, due to migratory movements. Although often subclinical, its acute phase can be lethal. This study aimed to assess survival during the acute phase of CD and its relationship with ventricular function in an experimental model. To this end, 30 Syrian hamsters were inoculated with Trypanosoma cruzi (IG) and other 15 animals received saline solution (CG). Groups were monitored daily and submitted to echocardiography in two moments: before the challenge and 15 days post-infection. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and global longitudinal myocardial strain (GLS) of the LV were measured. The IG was divided into groups of animals with and without clinical signs of disease. ANOVA for mixed models was used to compare ventricular function parameters. Survival analysis was studied using Kaplan-Meier curves and the log-rank test. The follow-up lasted 60 days. LVEF in IG was reduced through time (53.80 to 43.55%) compared to CG (57.86 to 59.73%) (p=0.002). There was also a reduction of GLS (−18.97% to −12.44%) in the IG compared to CG (p=0.012). Twelve animals from IG died compared to one animal from CG. Eleven out of the 12 animals from the IG group died before presenting with clinical signs of infection. Survival was reduced in the IG compared to CG over time (p=0.02). The reduced survival during the acute phase of this experimental model of Chagas disease was related to the significant reduction of LV function. The mortality rate in the IG was higher in the group presenting with clinical signs of infection

Fractal and Polar Microstrip Antennas and Arrays for Wireless Communications

This chapter presents the research done by authors in recent years on microstrip antennas and their applications in wireless sensors network. The subject is delimited to the study of conventional microstrip antennas, from which antennas with fractal and polar shapes are proposed. A detailed description of the antenna design methodology is presented for some prototypes of microstrip antennas manufactured with different dielectric substrates. Analysis of the proposed antennas has been done through computational simulation of full-wave methods. Experimental characterization of antennas and dielectric materials has been performed with the use of a vector network analyzer. The results obtained for the resonant and radiation parameters of the antennas are presented. Computer-aided design (CAD) of microstrip antennas and arrays using fractal and polar geometrical transformations results in a wide class of antenna elements with desirable and unique characteristics, such as compact, exclusive, and esthetic antenna design for multiband or broadband frequency operation with stable radiation pattern

Androgens by immunoassay and mass spectrometry in children with 46,XY disorder of sex development

Objective: Steroid measurement is a challenge in pediatric endocrinology. Currently, liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is considered a gold standard for this purpose. The aim of this study was to compare both LC-MS/MS and immunoassay (IA) for androgens before and after human recombinant chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG) stimulus in children with 46,XY disorders of sex development (DSD). Methods: Nineteen patients with 46,XY DSD were evaluated; all of them were prepubertal and non-gonadectomized. Testosterone, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), DHEA and androstenedione were measured by IA and LC-MS/MS before and 7 days after rhCG injection. The correlation between IA and LC-MS/MS was analyzed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (SCC). For concordance analysis the Passing and Bablok (PB) regression and the Bland and Altman (BA) method were used. Results: Testosterone showed excellent correlation (ICC = 0.960 and SCC = 0.964); DHT showed insignificant and moderate correlations as indicated by ICC (0.222) and SCC (0.631), respectively; DHEA showed moderate correlation (ICC = 0.585 and SCC = 0.716); and androstenedione had poor and moderate correlations in ICC (0.363) and SCC (0.735), respectively. Using the PB method, all hormones showed a linear correlation, but proportional and systematic concordance errors were detected for androstenedione, systematic errors for testosterone and no errors for DHEA and DHT. By the BA method, there was a trend of IA to overestimate testosterone and androstenedione and underestimate DHEA and DHT when compared to LC-MS/MS. Conclusion: Traditional IA should be replaced by LC-MS/MS for the androgens measurement in prepubertal children whenever is possible

The Genome of Anopheles darlingi, the main neotropical Malaria vector

Anopheles darlingi is the principal neotropical malaria vector, responsible for more than a million cases of malaria per year on the American continent. Anopheles darlingi diverged from the African and Asian malaria vectors ∼100 million years ago (mya) and successfully adapted to the New World environment. Here we present an annotated reference A. darlingi genome, sequenced from a wild population of males and females collected in the Brazilian Amazon. A total of 10 481 predicted protein-coding genes were annotated, 72% of which have their closest counterpart in Anopheles gambiae and 21% have highest similarity with other mosquito species. In spite of a long period of divergent evolution, conserved gene synteny was observed between A. darlingi and A. gambiae. More than 10 million single nucleotide polymorphisms and short indels with potential use as genetic markers were identified. Transposable elements correspond to 2.3% of the A. darlingi genome. Genes associated with hematophagy, immunity and insecticide resistance, directly involved in vector–human and vector–parasite interactions, were identified and discussed. This study represents the first effort to sequence the genome of a neotropical malaria vector, and opens a new window through which we can contemplate the evolutionary history of anopheline mosquitoes. It also provides valuable information that may lead to novel strategies to reduce malaria transmission on the South American continent. The A. darlingi genome is accessible a