14 research outputs found
Methods to quantify soft-tissue based facial growth and treatment outcomes in children: a systematic review.
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108661.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)CONTEXT: Technological advancements have led craniofacial researchers and clinicians into the era of three-dimensional digital imaging for quantitative evaluation of craniofacial growth and treatment outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To give an overview of soft-tissue based methods for quantitative longitudinal assessment of facial dimensions in children until six years of age and to assess the reliability of these methods in studies with good methodological quality. DATA SOURCE: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus and CINAHL were searched. A hand search was performed to check for additional relevant studies. STUDY SELECTION: Primary publications on facial growth and treatment outcomes in children younger than six years of age were included. DATA EXTRACTION: Independent data extraction by two observers. A quality assessment instrument was used to determine the methodological quality. Methods, used in studies with good methodological quality, were assessed for reliability expressed as the magnitude of the measurement error and the correlation coefficient between repeated measurements. RESULTS: In total, 47 studies were included describing 4 methods: 2D x-ray cephalometry; 2D photography; anthropometry; 3D imaging techniques (surface laser scanning, stereophotogrammetry and cone beam computed tomography). In general the measurement error was below 1 mm and 1 degrees and correlation coefficients range from 0.65 to 1.0. CONCLUSION: Various methods have shown to be reliable. However, at present stereophotogrammetry seems to be the best 3D method for quantitative longitudinal assessment of facial dimensions in children until six years of age due to its millisecond fast image capture, archival capabilities, high resolution and no exposure to ionizing radiation
Reliability of methods for soft tissue-based quantitative longitudinal assessment of facial dimensions in children until six years of age in studies with good methodological quality.
<p>.  =  not reported.</p><p>ns  =  not significant.</p
Methodological quality scores of studies using indirect 2D and 3D imaging techniques reporting on soft tissue–based quantitative longitudinal assessment of cranial dimensions in children until age 6 years with a score equal to or above 60% (n = 9) [133]–[141].
<p>  =  fulfilled the methodological criteria satisfactorily.</p><p>o  =  did not fulfill the methodological criteria.</p><p>.  =  not applicable.</p
PRISMA flow diagram of study selection process.
<p>PRISMA flow diagram of study selection process.</p
Methodological quality scores of studies reporting on soft tissue-based quantitative longitudinal assessment of facial dimensions in children until six years of age.
<p>  =  Fulfilled satisfactorily the methodological criteria;</p><p>o  =  Did not fulfil the methodological criteria;</p><p>.  =  Not applicable.</p
Methodological quality scores of studies using direct anthropometry reporting on soft tissue–based quantitative longitudinal assessment of cranial dimensions in children until age 6 years with a score equal to or above 60% (n = 14) [119]–[132].
<p>  =  fulfilled the methodological criteria satisfactorily.</p><p>o  =  did not fulfill the methodological criteria.</p><p>.  =  not applicable.</p
PRISMA flow diagram of the study selection process.
<p>PRISMA flow diagram of the study selection process.</p