Integrating children ́s values in policymaking: Challenges and opportunities in a diverse society

Values are a central dimension of human social life, they are core to a person’s self-concept and identity and drive individual actions towards both personal enhancement and social transformation. At a social level, values govern how individuals relate to others and shape the organization of societies being, therefore, powerful guidelines to face new societal challenges like inclusion/exclusion issues, social justice or cultural diversity. Research with adults in this field has demonstrated that human values are powerful predictors of a wide range of behaviours, attitudes and beliefs. However, research with children is still very recent and has mostly focused on adolescents and older children, probably due to concerns about young children's capabilities to produce reliable information and discourse. In the same way, children's voices regarding political issues have been frequently dismissed even when children's right to participate fully in political and cultural life is specifically recognized in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. Therefore, giving voice to children is ultimately a matter of respecting their rights. To address this gap we introduce in this presentation a project that seeks to respond to this need by mapping the basic human values (e.g. Schwartz, 1992) of children and young adolescents (6 to 14 years) and its associations with the representations of justice and attitudes towards different social groups. Also, we intend to propose further directions to incorporate values and children’s views in education policies and decision-making.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Motivational analysis comparing three contexts of physical activity

El estudio analizó las diferencias motivacionales entre estudiantes de educación física, deportistas y practicantes de ejercicio físico no competitivo. Además, examinó el poder de predicción del clima motivacional percibido y de los tipos de motivación sobre la propensión a la experiencia autotélica en los tres contextos. Se utilizaron tres muestras diferentes: 895 estudiantes de educación física, 413 deportistas y 727 practicantes de ejercicio físico no competitivo. El análisis de regresión mostró que el clima tarea y la motivación intrínseca predijeron positivamente y de forma significativa la experiencia autotélica en los tres contextos, de ahí la importancia de fomentar este tipo de clima motivacional. No obstante, los resultados han mostrado diferencias motivacionales entre los contextos de educación física, deporte competitivo y ejercicio físico no competitivo. Los resultados son discutidos en relación al diferente carácter competitivo/lúdico y voluntariedad/obligatoriedad que rodea a la práctica física en cada uno de los contextos comparados en este estudioThe study analyzed the motivational differences between physical education students, athletes and non-competitive exercisers. Furthermore, the predictive power of perceived motivational climate and types of motivation on the autotelic experience propensity in the three contexts was examined. Three different samples were used: 895 physical education students, 413 athletes and 727 non-competitive exercisers. Regression analysis showed that task-involving climate and intrinsic motivation positively and significantly predicted the autotelic experience in the three contexts, hence the importance of promoting this type of motivational climate. However, the results revealed that there were motivational differences between the contexts of physical education, competitive sports and non-competitive exercise. The results are discussed in relation to the different features (e.g. competitive, recreational, voluntary or obligatory) surrounding the physical activity in each of the contexts compared in this studyLa realización de este trabajo fue posible gracias al proyecto de investigación "Evaluación y análisis comparativo de factores motivacionales relacionados con la adherencia a la práctica en diferentes contextos físico-deportivos: Educación física, deporte de competición y actividad física no competitiva" (Ref. DEP2007-73201-C03/ACTI), financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación de Españ

Machine learning to predict the solar flux and geomagnetic indices to model density and Drag in Satellites

In recent years (2000-2021), human-space activities have been increasing faster than ever. More than 36000 Earth' orbiting objects, all larger than 10 cm, in orbit around the Earth, are currently tracked by the European Space Agency (ESA). Around 70\% of all cataloged objects are in Low-Earth Orbit (LEO). Aerodynamic drag provides one of the main sources of perturbations in this population, gradually decreasing the semi-major axis and period of the LEO satellites. Usually, an empirical atmosphere model as a function of solar radio flux and geomagnetic data is used to calculate the orbital decay and lifetimes of LEO satellites. In this respect, a good forecast for the space weather data could be a key tool to improve the model of drag. In this work, we propose using Time Series Forecasting Model to predict the future behavior of the solar flux and to calculate the atmospheric density, to improve the analytical models and reduce the drag uncertainty

Tales effect in real and perceived aquatic: Competence in preschoolers

Pese a existir un interés creciente en los estudios por la renovación de los contenidos lúdicos tradicionales, así como en la utilización del medio acuático como recurso educativo, en la actualidad existen muy pocas investigaciones que relacionen ambos aspectos. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio cuasi-experimental fue comprobar el efecto de los cuentos motores acuáticos sobre la competencia motriz percibida y la capacidad motriz real. Los participantes fueron 16 infantes de 3 a 5 años a los que se le midió la competencia motriz real y percibida acuática. Tras una prueba no paramétrica los resultados mostraron que la administración del programa de cuentos motores contribuyó de manera positiva y significativa sobre la competencia motriz percibida del grupo experimental. Se discuten los resultados en pro de incluir en los programas educativos acuáticos los cuentos motores de cara a fomentar el autoconcepto infantilEven though a growing interest exists in the study of the renewal of the traditional ‘play’ curriculum, as well as the utilization of the aquatic medium as an educational resource, at present, very few studies link both areas. For this reason, the objective of this quasi-experimental study was to confirm the effect of aquatic motor tales over perceived motor competency and real motor capacity. We studied 16 preschoolers among 3 to 5 years of age for their real and perceived aquatic motor competency. After a non-parametric test was administered, the results show that administration of aquatic mobility stories contributed positively and significantly on the perceived motor competence of the experimental group. The results are discussed in favor of inclusion of aquatic educational programs in order to promote the self-esteem of this age-group

Social, clinical, and policy implications of ultra-processed food addiction

Key messages Ultra-processed foods high in refined carbohydrates and added fats are highly rewarding, appealing, and consumed compulsively and may be addictive Behaviours around ultra-processed food may meet the criteria for diagnosis of substance use disorder in some people •   Ultra-processed food addiction is estimated to occur in 14% of adults and 12% of children and is associated with biopsychological mechanisms of addiction and clinically significant problems Understanding of these foods as addictive could lead to novel approaches in the realm of social justice, clinical care, and policy approache

Virus-virus interactions impact the population dynamics of influenza and the common cold

The human respiratory tract hosts a diverse community of cocirculating viruses that are responsible for acute respiratory infections. This shared niche provides the opportunity for virus–virus interactions which have the potential to affect individual infection risks and in turn influence dynamics of infection at population scales. However, quantitative evidence for interactions has lacked suitable data and appropriate analytical tools. Here, we expose and quantify interactions among respiratory viruses using bespoke analyses of infection time series at the population scale and coinfections at the individual host scale. We analyzed diagnostic data from 44,230 cases of respiratory illness that were tested for 11 taxonomically broad groups of respiratory viruses over 9 y. Key to our analyses was accounting for alternative drivers of correlated infection frequency, such as age and seasonal dependencies in infection risk, allowing us to obtain strong support for the existence of negative interactions between influenza and noninfluenza viruses and positive interactions among noninfluenza viruses. In mathematical simulations that mimic 2-pathogen dynamics, we show that transient immune-mediated interference can cause a relatively ubiquitous common cold-like virus to diminish during peak activity of a seasonal virus, supporting the potential role of innate immunity in driving the asynchronous circulation of influenza A and rhinovirus. These findings have important implications for understanding the linked epidemiological dynamics of viral respiratory infections, an important step towards improved accuracy of disease forecasting models and evaluation of disease control interventions

16p11.2 Locus modulates response to satiety before the onset of obesity

Background: The 600 kb BP4-BP5 copy number variants (CNVs) at the 16p11.2 locus have been associated with a range of neurodevelopmental conditions including autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia. The number of genomic copies in this region is inversely correlated with body mass index (BMI): the deletion is associated with a highly penetrant form of obesity (present in 50% of carriers by the age of 7 years and in 70% of adults), and the duplication with being underweight. Mechanisms underlying this energy imbalance remain unknown. Objective: This study aims to investigate eating behavior, cognitive traits and their relationships with BMI in carriers of 16p11.2 CNVs. Methods: We assessed individuals carrying a 16p11.2 deletion or duplication and their intrafamilial controls using food-related behavior questionnaires and cognitive measures. We also compared these carriers with cohorts of individuals presenting with obesity, binge eating disorder or bulimia. Results: Response to satiety is gene dosage-dependent in pediatric CNV carriers. Altered satiety response is present in young deletion carriers before the onset of obesity. It remains altered in adolescent carriers and correlates with obesity. Adult deletion carriers exhibit eating behavior similar to that seen in a cohort of obesity without eating disorders such as bulimia or binge eating. None of the cognitive measures are associated with eating behavior or BMI. Conclusions: These findings suggest that abnormal satiety response is a strong contributor to the energy imbalance in 16p11.2 CNV carriers, and, akin to other genetic forms of obesity, altered satiety responsiveness in children precedes the increase in BMI observed later in adolescence

Evaluación de dietas para alevines de arawanas (Osteoglossum bicirrhosum) en el piedemonte amazónico de Colombia

El objetivo del trabajo fue comparar una dieta tradicional (concentrado proteico 45% de proteínas, TC) versus dos alimentos vivos: Poecilia reticulata (T1: guppys: 27% proteínas) y Coptotermes formosanus (T2: termitas: 22% proteínas), con el fin de desarrollar estrategias que permitan el óptimo desarrollo de alevines de arawana (O. bicirrhosum). Ejemplares de O. bicirrhosum (n=54) en etapa VII fueron estudiados en un sistema SCR (recirculación cerrada de agua) que incluyó 9 acuarios (6 individuos por acuario, tres réplicas cada uno). El grupo T1 presentó los mejores resultados para las 3 réplicas, con ganancia de talla: 0,11 mm/día, peso: 0,230 g/día, e índice de supervivencia: 100%. En segundo lugar, el grupo TC obtuvo ganancia de peso: 0,169 g/día. En tercer término, el grupo T2 logró ganancia de peso: 0,084 g/día e índice de supervivencia: 98%. Se concluye resaltando que no son necesarios altos porcentajes de proteínas (45%) para obtener mayor peso y que la mejor dieta alternativa fue el alimento vivo a base de guppys, al lograr el mejor desarrollo de los alevines

Evaluación del consumo eléctrico en el sector residencial de Mar del Plata : Aspectos económicos y ambientales

Este trabajo es continuación del trabajo presentado en AS ADES 2012 donde se analizó el consumo de energía eléctrica en el sector residencial de la ciudad de Mar del Plata a través de una encuesta y análisis de la facturación de electricidad. Esto permitió diagnosticar la situación y seleccionar las estrategias de ahorro más adecuadas. En este trabajo se realiza un análisis económico comparando la situación actual con una futura que supone reemplazar las lámparas actualmente utilizadas en las viviendas encuestadas por la tecnología LED, el impacto ambiental que representa desechar las lámparas utilizadas en una vivienda a la basura y cuál sería el beneficio si se las dispusiera adecuadamente, así como también el CO2 que se evitaría enviar a la atmósfera.This paper is a continuation of work presented in ASADES 2012 which analyzed the energy consumption in the residential sector of the city of Mar del Plata through a survey and analysis of electricity billing. This allowed diagnose the situation and select the most appropriate savings strategies. In this paper an economic analysis comparing the current situation with a future that involves replacing the lamps currently used in the houses surveyed by LED technology, the environmental impact is disposing of lamps used in a home in the trash and what the benefit if properly willed them and also avoid sending CO2 into the atmosphere.Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES