Longitudinal study of the spectral composition of behavioral rhythms in the rat

Four. male Wistar rats were housed in pairs of siblings, on LD 12:12h and 22 degrees C + 2 degrees C. Food and water were provided ad libitum. Behavior was videotaped from the 1st to the 3rd month of life. In each age-bracket the spectral composition of rhythmic expressions of the following behavioral categories was analyzed: rest, eat, drink, cage exploration, self-grooming, and social interaction. Rats maintained a stable rank order of time engaged in different behaviors through development, despite modification of time spent in grooming, drinking and social interaction as they got older. Spectral composition of behaviors followed a general ontogenetic pattern: ultradian frequencies of 12-h and 8-h were the strongest in the 1st month and circadian periodicity was predominant in the 3rd month. The increase of circadian power compared with ultradian power components agrees with literature findings. To our knowledge, self-grooming and social interaction have not been investigated before in this context. The similarities between siblings suggest the mutual influence of partners and/ or the existence of genetic factors. Ongoing studies are examining the importance of the social surroundings in which animals develop to the acquisition of adult rhythmic pattern

Sleep-wake patterns of student workers and non-workers

Adolescents usually exhibit late sleep phase and irregular sleep patterns. As a result, they do not get enough sleep and report daytime sleepiness. This condition could be aggravated in working students who have a more limited time for sleep. In this survey, we investigated the impact of evening classes and employment on the sleep patterns of adolescents. We compared female (n = 17) and male (n = 14) non-worker students to female (n = 28) and male (n = 20) worker students who attended the same high school. The volunteers (aged 17.4 years +/- 11 months) answered a sleep log during a 16-day period. Worker students slept and woke up earlier, had a shorter nocturnal sleep length and a shorter daily (nocturnal plus diurnal) sleep length compared to non-working pupils. The four groups of students delayed sleep onset time on weekends, but only worker students delayed wake-up time on Sundays. The wake-up time was similar among groups on Sundays. While student workers tended to increase the sleep length in the weekends, non-working students increased it on Mondays and/or Tuesdays. The results showed that sleep schedules and sleep length were different according to the work status. Going to bed later on Saturday by the four groups of students suggests the influence of social activities, while a later wake-up time on Sundays could result from a shorter sleep length on workdays

Allergic reaction after rubber dam placement

In the last few years allergic reactions to natural rubber latex (NRL) have increased in dental practice affecting both the dental team and patients. Some case reports discuss the potential risks of hypersensitivity to NRL products. An adverse patient reaction after dental rubber dam placement is reported. About 1 min after the isolation of the tooth with a rubber dam the patient presented signs and symptoms of hypersensitivity. Oxygen and intravenous hydrocortisone were administered and the patient kept under observation, After 2 h she had stable vital signs and no more allergies symptoms. It is unclear whether components of the NRL dam or the cornstarch powder incorporated with the rubber dam was responsible for the allergic reaction. Dentists must be aware of the health problem and be prepared for an adequate management in dental practice.26318218

Efeitos do trabalho sobre a saúde de adolescentes Effects of work on the health of adolescents

O estudo analisa conseqüências do trabalho para as condições de vida, saúde e desenvolvimento psicossocial de adolescentes. Participaram do estudo 354 estudantes de 14 a 18 anos, do ensino médio, período noturno. A análise das representações foi realizada a partir da coleta de evocações livres. Os dados sobre sono foram obtidos por meio de questionários, sobre auto-percepções acerca das condições de vida e trabalho, sintomas de saúde e doenças. A análise de dados foi realizada com o software EVOC 2000 e SPSS. Constataram-se diferenças significativas na duração média de sono entre os adolescentes: os trabalhadores relataram menores médias de duração de sono. Entre os trabalhadores, referiram dormir menos os que sentem sono no trabalho e nas aulas, têm maiores exigências psicológicas no trabalho, ganham acima de 1 salário mínimo mensal, jornadas acima de 6 horas diárias ou acima de 20 horas semanais, trabalham em local barulhento e com presença de gases e vapores. As representações do trabalho entre os jovens apontam contradição entre o seu reconhecimento como valor moral positivo para o desenvolvimento psicossocial e a construção da identidade, e as conseqüências negativas decorrentes da exposição a cargas físicas e psicológicas precocemente.<br>This study evaluated life and work conditions and their impact on the health and psychological development of adolescents. A number of 354 high school students, 14 to 18 years old, studying during evening period took part in this study. Data were collected using free evocation technique and questionnaires. Data on sleep during the weekdays were obtained using questionnaires, filled out by students regarding life and work conditions, health symptoms and illness. Data were analyzed with software EVOC 2000 for the social representations, and T-Student, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis tests were employed for analyze health and sleep conditions. Differences were found among worker students who reported shorter mean sleep durations and: males, feeling sleepy at work and classes, referring to tougher psychological demands at work, working as salesperson, earning more than 1 minimum monthly wage, working more than 6 hours per day or 20 hours per week, working in noisy environment or polluted with gases and vapors. The representation of work among teen workers point a contradiction between recognizing work as a moral positive value to psychosocial development and identity construction, and the negative consequences due to precocious exposure to physical and psychological workloads

Posicionamento de gestores e lideranças de enfermagem diante dos erros divulgados na mídia

Resumo OBJETIVO Analisar o posicionamento de gestores e lideranças de enfermagem acerca dos erros de enfermagem divulgados na mídia. METODOLOGIA Estudo qualitativo, retrospectivo, documental, coleta de dados realizada em jornais do Brasil e Portugal, entre 2012 e 2016. Análise realizada no Atlas.ti, utilizando a hermenêutica de Ricoeur fundamentada na Teoria do Agir Comunicativo de Habermas. RESULTADOS Gestores e lideranças destacam as condições de trabalho da enfermagem, e prestaram esclarecimentos quanto à ausência de supervisão e déficits na força de trabalho, seguiram com a abertura de sindicância interna, afastamento do cargo e demissão. As lideranças se posicionaram abrindo Processo Ético Disciplinar, realizando fiscalização, solicitando documentos e questionando acerca dos fatos, assim como repudiando algumas notas divulgadas. CONCLUSÃO As lideranças em enfermagem desempenham papel crucial no momento da divulgação de notícias que envolvem erros assistenciais, a fim de expor uma problemática complexa. Entretanto, isso não tem sido feito de forma eficiente