Thinking through time: From collective memories to collective futures

In this chapter I look at the links between collective memory and the imagination of collective futures. Drawing on works on imagination and autobiographical memory, I first discuss the role of past experiences in imagining the future. I then explore the consequences of such a perspective for collective memories and collective futures, which will lead me to argue that the former provides the basis for the latter. Three case studies are presented, each illustrating a different type of relation between collective memory and collective imagination: 1) collective memory as a frame of reference to imagine the future; 2) collective memory as a source of experiences and examples to imagine what is likely, possible or desirable; and 3) collective memory as generalisable experience from which representations of the world – Personal World Philosophies – are constructed and in turn used to imagine the collective future. This will lead me to the conclusion that representations of the world are characterised by “temporal heteroglossia”, the simultaneous presence of multiple periods of time, and that they mediate the relation between collective memory and collective imagination, allowing us to “think through time”

From supervised instance and feature selection algorithms to dual selection: a review

International audienceThis chapter reviews the data reduction problem for instance and feature selection methods in the context of supervised classification. In the first part, instance and feature selections are studied separatively. As instance and feature selection are not independent, algorithms dealing with simultaneous selection are then presented. To provide a comprehensive and tractable view of this field, the strategy was to start from the fundamental and original contributions go towards state of the art algorithms, paying particular attention to large scale selections. Detailed pseudo codes of representative algorithms are given to consolidate the whole