Quality of family lives: perception of PNCF beneficiaries in Nova Xavantina, Mato Grosso, Brazil

This article is the result of a doctoral research that aims to investigate how the family farmers of the Pé da Serra and Beira Rio Settlement, located in the municipality of Nova Xavantina, Mato Grosso, Brazil, see changes / improvements in the quality of life of families, as a result of access to land by PNCF, and the direct repercussions of these on the social and economic reproduction of individuals. The methodology used includes bibliographic review, consultation of data from secondary sources, application of questionnaires to 43 farmers and interviews. The results showed that, in general, there were significant improvements in the quality of life of households after access to land through the PNCF, not only in relation to the acquisition of durable goods, but also in relation to aspects such as housing, purchasing power, leisure, security and future prospects, as well as the feeling of belonging to a place / territory. Other aspects that reflect on the quality of life of families are incipient, especially with regard to collective production infrastructures, forms of social organization (based on the Beira Rio Association) and the interaction of this organization with the settled community, restricted only to initial formation of these settlements. 

As jovens rurais que estudam na ETEC Jales (SP): relações familiares e projetos de vida

Diversos estudos têm revelado que há uma tendência do jovem rural em sair do campo em busca de melhores oportunidades na cidade, principalmente as jovens. Este artigo visa analisar os fatores que influenciam a permanência ou a desvinculação do trabalho na terra por parte das jovens, filhas de agricultores familiares e alunas da Etec Jales (SP), com base nas relações familiares, no estudo e seus planos futuros. Foi aplicado um questionário às alunas da Etec Jales, com questões específicas dirigidas às alunas ligadas à agropecuária, visando caracterizar a família e a unidade de produção agropecuária, além de informações sobre o trabalho, o estudo, o lazer e as demais atividades realizadas pelas jovens, sua participação nas decisões familiares relativas à unidade agropecuária familiar; seus planos e projetos de vida. Aos pais das alunas foram abordadas questões relativas à Etec Jales, o que pensavam do futuro das filhas e da sucessão da propriedade, além de buscar avaliar o grau de satisfação dos pais em relação ao trabalho e à vida rural. Pode-se verificar que as jovens estudantes da Etec Jales têm no prolongamento da escolarização a busca por melhores condições de vida, assim as mesmas não têm a intenção de assumir a propriedade dos pais e seus planos futuros se remetem a fazer um curso superior ou conseguir um emprego fora do meio rural. Este fato pode comprometer a reprodução da agricultura familiar, sendo necessárias políticas públicas que incentivem a ampliação da autonomia dessas jovens no meio em que vivem

Intraoral epithelioid hemangioendothelioma : a case report and review of the literature

The epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EH) is an uncommon angiocentric neoplasm of borderline or intermediate malignant potential, between the hemangioma and conventional angiosarcoma. It is characterized by the proliferation of endothelial cells with epithelioid or histiocitóide morphology with vacuolated cytoplasm and occasional eosinophilic spindle cells. Shows potential for local recurrence as well as the ability to metastasize. Rarely affects the oral cavity, it have been described from 1975 until 2008 only 27 oral cases. Morphologically the EHs may be confused with other lesions, from a hemangioma to a squamous cell carcinoma, and thus immunohistochemical analysis is required. This paper reports the clinical and immunohistochemical characteristics of a case of EH in the gingiva of the tooth 35 of a 17 years-old-white-female. We present a review of the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the intraoral epithelioid hemangioendothelioma cases previously reported

Experimentation with tobacco during adolescence as a factor influencing treatment of smoking in adulthood. A retrospective cohort

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: There are still few studies on predictors of smoking cessation in Brazilian samples. Experimentation with tobacco during adolescence (ETA) may be one of the important predictors. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed, within the context of a treatment-seeking group of subjects, to test the hypothesis that ETA negatively affects the outcome of smoking cessation during adulthood. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective (historic) cohort study conducted at a psychosocial care center in São Paulo, Brazil, between 2007 and 2010. METHODS: Data on sociodemographics, smoking and medical profiles were obtained through self-report questionnaires that were completed at the baseline and at any follow-up appointment. Logistic regression models were constructed to describe factors associated with the outcome of smoking cessation, measured according to the self-reported four-week success rate among 367 outpatient smokers. RESULTS: ETA was found to be associated with not quitting smoking through the treatment (odds ratio = 0.57; 95% confidence interval = 0.33-0.96; P < 0.05), even after adjustment for dependence level, sociodemographics, nicotine patch use and number of years of smoking. CONCLUSIONS: Early exposure to nicotine may lead to higher risk of continuing smoking after treatment, in adulthood

Profile of dental students about biosafety

A formação do profissional da Odontologia requer preparo e esclarecimento quanto ao uso das medidas universais de biossegurança em virtude da exposição a agentes infectocontagiosos. Este estudo descritivo teve como objetivo avaliar o nível de conhecimento de uma população de acadêmicos de Odontologia a respeito de biossegurança, além de identificar as dúvidas mais frequentes sobre medidas preventivas no ambiente odontológico e avaliar o interesse desses acadêmicos em relação ao tema biossegurança. A amostra foi constituída por 358 alunos de três universidades. Foi aplicado um questionário contendo perguntas objetivas e subjetivas em alunos dos 1º, 5º e últimos períodos. Observou-se que 92.6% dos alunos conheciam o significado de biossegurança e 92.3% relatou o uso de EPI pelo seu CD e para o paciente. Frente a um atendimento na clínica, 291 (82.7%) alunos responderam que saberiam se cuidar e 59 (16.8%) que não, sendo 94.9% destes últimos, alunos do primeiro período. Entre os alunos do primeiro período, 38.4% responderam não ser importante considerar o paciente como potencial portador de doença. Conclui-se que, é importante ministrar conteúdos básicos sobre biossegurança nos períodos pré-clínicos, visando a entrada dos alunos às atividades clínicas com maior segurança. Ressalta-se ainda a importância da fiscalização e atualização periódicas de práticas, e conhecimentos das medidas preventivas adequadas que permitam o exercício de atividades acadêmicas em segurança em todos os períodos do curso.Aim: The professional formation in Dentistry requires preparation and knowledge regarding the use of universal biosafety measures against exposure to infectious agents. This descriptive study aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge of dentistry students about biosafety, and identify the most frequent doubt about preventive measures in dental care environment, also assess the student’s interest by biosafety. Material and methods: The sample consisted of 358 students from three universities. A questionnaire with subjective and objective questions was applied to students at 1st, 5th and last periods. Results: It was observed that 92.6% of students knew the meaning of biosafety and 92.3% reported the use of PPE for their dentist and for the patient. When asked if they would know to take care in clinical environment, 291 (82.7%) students answered that they would know how to care and 59 (16.8%) not, 94.9% of the latter were students of the first period, in this group, 38.4% of students responded not be important to consider the patient as a potential transmitter of disease. In the total sample, 98.6% considered to be important the topic of the research. Conclusions: It was concluded that it is important introduce basic content on biosafety in the pre-clinical periods, aiming at the entry of students to the clinical activities more safely. It is emphasized the importance of supervision and periodic update of practices and knowledge about preventive measures facilitating the exercise of academic activities in safety at all course periods

Detecção da proteína p53 em células leucêmicas por citometria de fluxo e Western blot

Introdução: A proteína p53 desempenha uma função crucial no controle do ciclo celular, reparo do DNA e na indução de apoptose em células geneticamente instáveis. O Western blot (WB) é o método preconizado para detecção dessa proteína, no entanto é técnica demorada e trabalhosa. Atualmente, a citometria de fluxo (CF) também tem sido empregada na detecção da proteína p53 tendo a vantagem da praticidade. Objetivos e Metodologia: Comparar os resultados obtidos pela CF e WB na detecção da proteína p53 em células leucêmicas. Empregamos amostras de 3 pacientes com leucemia linfóide aguda (LLA), 5 com leucemia mielóide aguda (LMA), 6 com leucemia mielóide crônica (LMC) e 8 com leucemia linfóide crônica (LLC). Os controles positivos (5) e negativos (4), para os dois métodos, foram linhagens de células leucêmicas. Juntamente com o controle de marcação negativa, na técnica de CF, utilizamos linfócitos de 40 doadores de sangue. A análise pela CF foi realizada após a marcação com anticorpo monoclonal anti-p53 e o WB por técnica convencional. Resultados e Conclusões: Observamos concordância nos resultados em 82% das amostras leucêmicas e em 100% nas linhagens celulares. CF+/WB+ foram observados em pacientes com evolução desfavorável tais como na LLC / Síndrome de Richter, LMC em crise blástica e na maioria das LMA. Apesar do WB ser considerado um método padrão para a detecção da p53, nossos resultados indicam que a CF pode ser empregada satisfatoriamente na detecção dessa proteína em amostras leucêmicas

I Diretriz brasileira de cardio-oncologia pediátrica da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia

Sociedade Brasileira de Oncologia PediátricaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Instituto de Oncologia Pediátrica GRAACCUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina Instituto do Coração do Hospital das ClínicasUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegreInstituto Materno-Infantil de PernambucoHospital de Base de BrasíliaUniversidade de Pernambuco Hospital Universitário Oswaldo CruzHospital A.C. CamargoHospital do CoraçãoSociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia Departamento de Cardiopatias Congênitas e Cardiologia PediátricaInstituto Nacional de CâncerHospital Pequeno PríncipeSanta Casa de Misericórdia de São PauloInstituto do Câncer do Estado de São PauloUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de PatologiaHospital Infantil Joana de GusmãoUNIFESP, Instituto de Oncologia Pediátrica GRAACCUNIFESP, Depto. de PatologiaSciEL

Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, ventilation management, and outcomes in invasively ventilated intensive care unit patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome: a pooled analysis of four observational studies

Background: Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, the practice of ventilation, and outcome in invasively ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain unexplored. In this analysis we aim to address these gaps using individual patient data of four large observational studies. Methods: In this pooled analysis we harmonised individual patient data from the ERICC, LUNG SAFE, PRoVENT, and PRoVENT-iMiC prospective observational studies, which were conducted from June, 2011, to December, 2018, in 534 ICUs in 54 countries. We used the 2016 World Bank classification to define two geoeconomic regions: middle-income countries (MICs) and high-income countries (HICs). ARDS was defined according to the Berlin criteria. Descriptive statistics were used to compare patients in MICs versus HICs. The primary outcome was the use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) for the first 3 days of mechanical ventilation. Secondary outcomes were key ventilation parameters (tidal volume size, positive end-expiratory pressure, fraction of inspired oxygen, peak pressure, plateau pressure, driving pressure, and respiratory rate), patient characteristics, the risk for and actual development of acute respiratory distress syndrome after the first day of ventilation, duration of ventilation, ICU length of stay, and ICU mortality. Findings: Of the 7608 patients included in the original studies, this analysis included 3852 patients without ARDS, of whom 2345 were from MICs and 1507 were from HICs. Patients in MICs were younger, shorter and with a slightly lower body-mass index, more often had diabetes and active cancer, but less often chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure than patients from HICs. Sequential organ failure assessment scores were similar in MICs and HICs. Use of LTVV in MICs and HICs was comparable (42\ub74% vs 44\ub72%; absolute difference \u20131\ub769 [\u20139\ub758 to 6\ub711] p=0\ub767; data available in 3174 [82%] of 3852 patients). The median applied positive end expiratory pressure was lower in MICs than in HICs (5 [IQR 5\u20138] vs 6 [5\u20138] cm H2O; p=0\ub70011). ICU mortality was higher in MICs than in HICs (30\ub75% vs 19\ub79%; p=0\ub70004; adjusted effect 16\ub741% [95% CI 9\ub752\u201323\ub752]; p&lt;0\ub70001) and was inversely associated with gross domestic product (adjusted odds ratio for a US$10 000 increase per capita 0\ub780 [95% CI 0\ub775\u20130\ub786]; p&lt;0\ub70001). Interpretation: Despite similar disease severity and ventilation management, ICU mortality in patients without ARDS is higher in MICs than in HICs, with a strong association with country-level economic status. Funding: No funding