Sugestoes para o uso e manejo de vertissolos nos projetos de assentamento da regiao nao inundavel de Corumba/MS.

Os vertissolos localizados na area nao inundavel em torno da cidade de Corumba/MS, foram durante muito tempo utilizados com pastagens. Recentemente com a implantacao de assentamentos rurais de colonos na regiao, estes solos passaram a ser manejados com lavouras. A area abrangida por Vertissolos na regiao e de aproximadamente 22.000ha, sua area e respectivas percentagens nos assentamentos e a seguinte: Assentamento Mato Grande, 100 ha (8%); Assentamento Taquaral, 9510 ha (95%) e Assentamento Urucum, 224 ha (11%). Os Vertissolos da regiao encontram-se localizados nos vales e nas planicies sedimentares nao inundaveis, encaixados entre as morrarias do Complexo Urucum e o Pantanal. Apresentam-se com textura media argilosa e muito argilosa, elevada soma de bases trocaveis e saturacao de bases, alta relacao Ki (SiO2/A12O3) e reacao variando de moderamente acida a fortemente alcalina no horizonte C. Constatou-se nos Vertissolos, que a agua e removida do solo lentamente, permanecendo por um periodo significativo do ano, e que durante o periodo de seca ocorre fendilhamentos profundos. Os principais fatores que influiram na avaliacao da aptidao agricola foram a deficiencia de agua, excesso de agua e impedimentos a mecanizacao, os Vertissolos foram classificados como: regular (2a) e restrito 3(ab) para lavouras, nos sistemas A e B para aqueles Vertissolos mais afastados do Pantanal, e restrito para pastagens naturais 5(n) para aqueles que margeiam o Pantanal. Para a utilizacao dos Vertissolos com lavouras atencao especial deve ser dada a deficiencia de enxofre e problemas com micronutrientes. Praticas como preparo do solo e plantio em nivel juntamente com residuos de culturas anteriores controlam a erosao. A utilizacao de implementos tradicionais por animais deve ser estimulada. Problemas relativos a salinizacao poderao ocorrer caso se utilize agua de irrigacao com teores elevados de sais e/ou com sistema de drenagem inadequado.bitstream/item/37579/1/CT20.pd

Yield and quality attributes of aged beef through lipid coatings: a comparative study of milk butter and pork lard.

A new type of aging has been employed in which the meat receives a layer of fat prior to aging, known as being butter-aged. This study investigated the effects of using milk butter and pork lard as coating materials for loin during 28-d aging, focusing on yield and quality indicators. Samples were weighed (n=12 per treatment; wet-aged, butter-aged, and lard-aged) throughout the process to determine yield indicators. After aging, samples were evaluated for physicochemical (pH, moisture and total lipids, color stability, cooking loss, instrumental tenderness, and protein oxidation) and microbiological counts. Data were analyzed as repeated measures in time (color) or factorial analysis of variance (yield and physicochemical traits) (Software Statistica 10.0). The samples aged with lipid coatings had lower final yield and surface water activity compared with wet-aged (P0.05). During display, samples aged with fatcoatings showed more intense discoloration (redness) compared with wet-aged, whereas aging with butter exhibited higher lipid oxidation compared with the other treatments (P<0.001). Wet-aged showed the lowest microbial counts. Samples with fat coatings had higher microbial counts, particularly for psychrotrophic, mesophilic, and lactic acid bacteria groups (P<0.05), with signs of deterioration. Using the same amount of fat in the meat coating, the sample with butter had a higher final yield, but the sample with lard had better color and microbiological quality. However, the lipid-coated aging process clearly has no advantages over wet aging under the conditions applied to the study because it results in exposure with color problems and represents a potential health risk. Therefore, we suggest further studies in which a shorter aging time is applied for the commercial viability of these products

Produção e qualidade de frutos de meloeiro amarelo cultivado com uso de coberturas do solo e de manta agrotêxtil para proteção das plantas.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a influência do uso de coberturas do solo e de manta agrotêxtil para proteção das plantas na produtividade e qualidade de frutos do meloeiro irrigado por gotejamento em época de cultiva não tradicional (maio a setembro), na região Semiárido do submédio do rio São Francisco.Suplemento. Trabalho apresentado no 52. Congresso Brasileiro de Olericultura, Salvador, jul. 2012

Path Integral Approach to the Scattering Theory of Quantum Transport

The scattering theory of quantum transport relates transport properties of disordered mesoscopic conductors to their transfer matrix \bbox{T}. We introduce a novel approach to the statistics of transport quantities which expresses the probability distribution of \bbox{T} as a path integral. The path integal is derived for a model of conductors with broken time reversal invariance in arbitrary dimensions. It is applied to the Dorokhov-Mello-Pereyra-Kumar (DMPK) equation which describes quasi-one-dimensional wires. We use the equivalent channel model whose probability distribution for the eigenvalues of \bbox{TT}^{\dagger} is equivalent to the DMPK equation independent of the values of the forward scattering mean free paths. We find that infinitely strong forward scattering corresponds to diffusion on the coset space of the transfer matrix group. It is shown that the saddle point of the path integral corresponds to ballistic conductors with large conductances. We solve the saddle point equation and recover random matrix theory from the saddle point approximation to the path integral.Comment: REVTEX, 9 pages, no figure

Fluorescent oxide nanoparticles adapted to active tips for near-field optics

We present a new kind of fluorescent oxide nanoparticles with properties well suited to active-tip based near-field optics. These particles with an average diameter in the range 5-10 nm are produced by Low Energy Cluster Beam Deposition (LECBD) from a YAG:Ce3+ target. They are studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), classical photoluminescence, cathodoluminescence and near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM). Particles of extreme photo-stability as small as 10 nm in size are observed. These emitters are validated as building blocks of active NSOM tips by coating a standard optical tip with a 10 nm thick layer of YAG:Ce3+ particles directly in the LECBD reactor and by subsequently performing NSOM imaging of test surfaces.Comment: Changes made following Referee's comments; added references; one added figure. See story on this article at: http://nanotechweb.org/cws/article/tech/3606

Fast relaxation in a fragile liquid under pressure

The incoherent dynamic structure factor of ortho-terphenyl has been measured by neutron time-of-flight and backscattering technique in the pressure range from 0.1 MPa to 240 MPa for temperatures between 301 K and 335 K. Tagged-particle correlations in the compressed liquid decay in two steps. The alpha-relaxation lineshape is independent of pressure, and the relaxation time proportional to viscosity. A kink in the amplitude f_Q(P) reveals the onset of beta relaxation. The beta-relaxation regime can be described by the mode-coupling scaling function; amplitudes and time scales allow a consistent determination of the critical pressure P_c(T). alpha and beta relaxation depend in the same way on the thermodynamic state; close to the mode-coupling cross-over, this dependence can be parametrised by an effective coupling Gamma ~ n*T**{-1/4}.Comment: 4 Pages of RevTeX, 4 figures (submitted to Physical Review Letters