Quantum Random Oracle Model with Auxiliary Input

The random oracle model (ROM) is an idealized model where hash functions are modeled as random functions that are only accessible as oracles. Although the ROM has been used for proving many cryptographic schemes, it has (at least) two problems. First, the ROM does not capture quantum adversaries. Second, it does not capture non-uniform adversaries that perform preprocessings. To deal with these problems, Boneh et al. (Asiacrypt\u2711) proposed using the quantum ROM (QROM) to argue post-quantum security, and Unruh (CRYPTO\u2707) proposed the ROM with auxiliary input (ROM-AI) to argue security against preprocessing attacks. However, to the best of our knowledge, no work has dealt with the above two problems simultaneously. In this paper, we consider a model that we call the QROM with (classical) auxiliary input (QROM-AI) that deals with the above two problems simultaneously and study security of cryptographic primitives in the model. That is, we give security bounds for one-way functions, pseudorandom generators, (post-quantum) pseudorandom functions, and (post-quantum) message authentication codes in the QROM-AI. We also study security bounds in the presence of quantum auxiliary inputs. In other words, we show a security bound for one-wayness of random permutations (instead of random functions) in the presence of quantum auxiliary inputs. This resolves an open problem posed by Nayebi et al. (QIC\u2715). In a context of complexity theory, this implies $\mathsf{NP}\cap \mathsf{coNP} \not\subseteq \mathsf{BQP/qpoly}$ relative to a random permutation oracle, which also answers an open problem posed by Aaronson (ToC\u2705)

A Novel Method to Determine Material Properties and Residual Stresses Simultaneously Using Spherical Indentation

Spherical indentation is one of the non-destructive techniques that has gained great interest among researchers in recent years. Spherical indentation is inexpensive and quick and can provide a fairly accurate estimation of in-plane residual stresses. This method has typically been used to characterize material properties. However, the application of the technique to measure residual stresses has also been practiced. In this paper, the parameters of Hollomon’s equation and residual stresses were determined using the load–penetration (P–h) curve technique obtained from a single loading-unloading spherical indentation test. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) were employed to achieve the best results from the data. Neural networks are trained using the data from a series of finite element analyses. An exponential equation is then fitted to the loading curve. Having the fitted equation and the trained neural networks, the residual stresses and the material characteristics were found simultaneously. An important benefit of this method was that it could be used with no requirement for a reference stress-free sample

Spherical Indentation, Part II: Experimental Validation for Measuring Equibiaxial Residual Stresses

It is occasionally important or even inevitable to measure residual stresses without harming engineering components. Spherical indentation can be categorized as a nondestructive method to measure residual stresses, as it causes very little damage to the surface of the sample. Furthermore, it is cheap and quick. Spherical indentation has gained the interest of a number of researchers in recent years. Although, this technique has been used in the literature to measure residual stresses, it has mostly been employed to determine material characteristics. In the current study, the application of the spherical indentation to measure residual stresses was examined and verified experimentally. The instrumented indentation tests resulted in load-displacement curves for different materials with a variety of ranges of equibiaxial stresses, which were then used to train an artificial neural network (ANN). The stress measurements were carried out for both residual and applied stresses. A quenched sample and a cross-shaped bending sample were considered as a source of residual stresses and in-plane applied stresses, respectively. An important benefit of this method was that it could be used with no requirement for a reference stress-free sample. The results of stress measurements illustrated a reasonable success