P 06.21: Extra cardiac malformations associated with hypoplastic left and right ventricle

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/108595/1/uog14115.pd

P 09.10: Prevalence of aneuploidy and invasive prenatal diagnosis in pregnancies complicated by hypoplastic left and right ventricle

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/108588/1/uog14164.pd

The United Kingdom and the Netherlands maternity care responses to COVID-19: A comparative study

BackgroundThe national health care response to coronavirus (COVID-19) has varied between countries. The United Kingdom (UK) and the Netherlands (NL) have comparable maternity and neonatal care systems, and experienced similar numbers of COVID-19 infections, but had different organisational responses to the pandemic. Understanding why and how similarities and differences occurred in these two contexts could inform optimal care in normal circumstances, and during future crises.AimTo compare the UK and Dutch COVID-19 maternity and neonatal care responses in three key domains: choice of birthplace, companionship, and families in vulnerable situations.MethodA multi-method study, including documentary analysis of national organisation policy and guidance on COVID-19, and interviews with national and regional stakeholders.FindingsBoth countries had an infection control focus, with less emphasis on the impact of restrictions, especially for families in vulnerable situations. Differences included care providers’ fear of contracting COVID-19; the extent to which community- and personalised care was embedded in the care system before the pandemic; and how far multidisciplinary collaboration and service-user involvement were prioritised.ConclusionWe recommend that countries should 1) make a systematic plan for crisis decision-making before a serious event occurs, and that this must include authentic service-user involvement, multidisciplinary collaboration, and protection of staff wellbeing 2) integrate women’s and families’ values into the maternity and neonatal care system, ensuring equitable inclusion of the most vulnerable and 3) strengthen community provision to ensure system wide resilience to future shocks from pandemics, or other unexpected large-scale events

Measurement of the electron energy spectrum and its moments in inclusive B -> Xe nu decays

We report a measurement of the inclusive electron energy spectrum for semileptonic decays of B mesons in a data sample of 52 million Y(4S)-->B(B) over bar decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B-meson factory at SLAC. We determine the branching fraction, first, second, and third moments of the spectrum for lower cutoffs on the electron energy between 0.6 and 1.5 GeV. We measure the partial branching fraction to be B(B-->Xenu,E-e>0.6 GeV)=[10.36+/-0.06(stat.)+/-0.23(sys.)]%

Three-dimensional ultrasound fetal lung volume measurement: a systematic study comparing the multiplanar method with the rotational (VOCAL) technique

Objectives: This study was designed to compare a conventional multiplanar technique for three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound measurement of fetal lung volume with a rotational method using VOCALTM (Virtual Organ Computer-aided AnaLysis).Methods: Thirty-two fetuses with a variety of conditions at risk for pulmonary hypoplasia were studied. 3D volume data sets of the fetal lungs were acquired using a commercially available ultrasound system. The right and left lung volumes were calculated separately using VOCAL and the multiplanar technique. The level of agreement between two independent observers in categorizing the 3D volume data set as measurable or non-measurable was determined. The interobserver and intermethod variabilities were also evaluated for both methods.Results: The intermethod variability was excellent (correlation r = 0.93 and r = 0.96 for the left and right lung, respectively), and there was substantial agreement between the results of both approaches (limits of agreement - 4.4 to 8.9 and - 3.4 to 4.8 mL for the right and left lung, respectively). Fetal lung estimation with VOCAL had a significantly higher interobserver variability than the multiplanar technique. Interobserver agreement in categorizing lung volume data sets as measurable or non-measurable was lower when VOCAL was used.Conclusion: Fetal lung volume measurements can be undertaken interchangeably using the multiplanar technique or the rotational method with VOCAL. However, the latter was less reproducible (lower degree of agreement and significantly higher interobserver variability) than the former

Social Policy, Imperiled Communities, and HIV/AIDS Transmission in Prisons: A Call For Zero Tolerance

HIV/AIDS and African-American male imprisonment contribute to the destruction of African-American communities. African-American men and HIV/AIDS are disproportionately represented throughout all sectors of the criminal justice industry, including the juvenile justice system. The criminal justice system contributes to unacceptably high African-American male imprisonment rates and HIV prevalence directly via the ‘war on drugs’ and lax enforcement of institutional policy among other things, and indirectly through perpetuation of economic hardship which further exacerbates imprisonment rates, thus closing the loop of a vicious cycle of revolving prison doors and HIV contraction. This article briefly introduces surrounding socio-political issues that contextualizes the ensuing discussion. It then considers the State of Georgia to explore issues of incidence and how HIV transmission occurs in prisons, uses Prison Rape Elimination Act data to shed light on accountability issues and the degree to which the nature of sex in prisons is romantic or violent, and concludes by offering overarching solutions and encouraging action in response to the myriad associated problems