Note on the presence of Undaria pinnatifida (Harvey) Suringar (Laminariales, Phaeophyta) in Asturias (Bay of Biscay)

Se cita la presencia de Undaria pinnatifida (Harvey) Suringar, 1873 en el mar Cantábrico (Gijón, Asturias). Se describe la población ficológica y se analiza el vector de dispersión de la especie.Undaria pinnatifida (Harvey) Suringar, 1873 is recordedfor first time in the Bay of Biscay. The phycological population and vector of dispersion are described.Instituto Español de Oceanografí

Ongrowing of the octopus Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 in floating cages on the Spanish Mediterranean coast of the Levant

In order to test the growth of the octopus Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 in Mediterranean coastal waters, two ongrowing experiments were carried out in floating cages, located inside the area of Denia harbour (Alicante, Spain). During the first experiment (October 2004-January 2005), carried out over 94 days, males and females were kept separately. Females had higher survival rates (52.2 %) than males (30.3 %); average final weight was not significantly different in males and females, and average weight increase was 652 g/month. During the second culture experiment (March-June 2005), which lasted for 86 days, two diets with different crustacean content were used. Survival and growth were not improved by an increase of crustacean content in the diet. Increase in survival and average weight over the course of the entire cycle were 53.6 % and 975 g/month, respectively.Se han efectuado dos engordes de juveniles de pulpo Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 en jaula flotante en el puerto de Denia (Alicante) con el objetivo de comprobar su rendimiento en aguas de la costa de Levante. En el primer engorde -de octubre de 2004 a enero de 2005 (94 días)- se han mantenido separados machos y hembras. La supervivencia ha sido mayor en hembras (52,2 %) que en machos (30,3 %), el peso medio final no ha diferido significativamente y el incremento medio de peso ha sido de 652 g/mes. En el segundo engorde -de marzo a junio de 2005 (86 días)- se han proporcionado dos dietas con diferente contenido en crustáceos a sendos grupos de subadultos. El aumento de crustáceos en la dieta no ha implicado mayor supervivencia y crecimiento. La supervivencia global en el engorde ha sido del 53,6 % y el incremento medio de peso 975 g/mes.Instituto Español de Oceanografí

Impact of collector string characteristics on experimental culture of Undaria pinnatifida (Harvey)Suringar and Laminaria saccharina (L.) Lamouroux (Laminariales, Phaeophyta)

The viability of industrial culture of Undaria pinnatifida (Harvey) Suringar and Laminaria saccharina (L.) Lamouroux using Western techniques requires an indoor phase to obtain collector strings on which many sporophytes are attached, which can then develop during the mariculture phase. The present paper studies the impact on final sporophtye richness of the characteristics of the string, and its number of previous treatments. Plaited string was clearly superior for both species, and a single previous treatment was enough to guarantee a suitable density of sporophytes for seeding.La viabilidad del cultivo industrial de Undaria pinnatifida (Harvey) Suringar y Laminaria saccharina (L.) Lamouroux según el sistema de cultivo occidental requiere que en una fase previa de laboratorio se obtengan colectores con hilo de siembra rico en embriones que se desarrollarán en la fase de cultivo en el mar. En el presente trabajo se atiende a la influencia que tienen en la densidad final de plántulas la naturaleza del hilo de siembra y el número de tratamientos previos a los que es sometido. Los resultados muestran claramente que el hilo trenzado tiene mejores cualidades para ambas especies, en particular para L. saccharina, y que para conseguir una densidad adecuada de embriones es suficiente someterlo a un único tratamiento de incremento de su microestructura.Instituto Español de Oceanografí

Use of single-cell detritus (SCD) produced from Laminaria saccharina (L.) Lamouroux in feeding Ruditapes decussatus (L., 1758) seed clam

A production technique for single cell detritus (SCD) from Laminaria saccharina (L.) Lamouroux was developed based on the sequential action of two enzymes, endoglucanases and cellulases, and two bacteria isolated in our laboratories: CECT-5255 and CECT-5256, which have high levels of cellobiosic, proteolytic and alginolytic activity. Using this technique, L. saccharina meal is transformed into a suspension of algal cells and detritus of less than 20 m in diameter, which can easily be filtered and digested by bivalve molluscs. A feeding trial carried out with Ruditapes decussatus (L., 1758) seed clams showed that L. saccharina SCD, when used as their sole diet, got 40 % of the seed growth achieved with a microalgal diet (control diet). When the SCD was used in a mixed diet, it could substitute up to 90 % of the microalgae, with comparable or even higher growth rates than exclusive microalgal diets.En este estudio se desarrolla una técnica de producción de biotransformados de Laminaria saccharina (L.) Lamouroux basada en la acción secuencial de enzimas (endoglucanasas y celulasas) y dos bacterias aisladas en laboratorios del Instituto Español de Oceanografía: las cepas códigos CECT-5255 y CECT-5256 de la CECT, que presentan una alta actividad celobiósica, proteolítica y alginolítica. Con dicha técnica, la harina de L. saccharina se transforma en una suspensión de células libres y detritos algales de tamaño inferior a 20 m, perfectamente capturables y digeribles por los moluscos bivalvos. Los diversos ensayos realizados en la alimentación de semilla de la almeja Ruditapes decussatus (L., 1758) ponen de manifiesto que con este biotransformado de L. saccharina, utilizado como único alimento, se obtienen crecimientos de alrededor del 40 % del logrado con fitoplancton. Si se mezcla con fitoplancton, puede sustituir hasta el 90 % del alimento vivo obteniéndose crecimientos equivalentes, incluso superiores, a los de las dietas algales puras.Instituto Español de Oceanografí

J-PLUS: The javalambre photometric local universe survey

ABSTRACT: TheJavalambrePhotometric Local UniverseSurvey (J-PLUS )isanongoing 12-band photometricopticalsurvey, observingthousands of squaredegrees of theNorthernHemispherefromthededicated JAST/T80 telescope at the Observatorio Astrofísico de Javalambre (OAJ). The T80Cam is a camera with a field of view of 2 deg2 mountedon a telescopewith a diameter of 83 cm, and isequippedwith a uniquesystem of filtersspanningtheentireopticalrange (3500–10 000 Å). Thisfiltersystemis a combination of broad-, medium-, and narrow-band filters, optimallydesigned to extracttherest-framespectralfeatures (the 3700–4000 Å Balmer break region, Hδ, Ca H+K, the G band, and the Mg b and Ca triplets) that are key to characterizingstellartypes and delivering a low-resolutionphotospectrumforeach pixel of theobservedsky. With a typicaldepth of AB ∼21.25 mag per band, thisfilter set thusallowsforanunbiased and accuratecharacterization of thestellarpopulation in our Galaxy, itprovidesanunprecedented 2D photospectralinformationforall resolved galaxies in the local Universe, as well as accuratephoto-z estimates (at the δ z/(1 + z)∼0.005–0.03 precisionlevel) formoderatelybright (up to r ∼ 20 mag) extragalacticsources. Whilesomenarrow-band filters are designedforthestudy of particular emissionfeatures ([O II]/λ3727, Hα/λ6563) up to z < 0.017, theyalsoprovidewell-definedwindowsfortheanalysis of otheremissionlines at higherredshifts. As a result, J-PLUS has thepotential to contribute to a widerange of fields in Astrophysics, both in thenearbyUniverse (MilkyWaystructure, globular clusters, 2D IFU-likestudies, stellarpopulations of nearby and moderate-redshiftgalaxies, clusters of galaxies) and at highredshifts (emission-line galaxies at z ≈ 0.77, 2.2, and 4.4, quasi-stellarobjects, etc.). Withthispaper, wereleasethefirst∼1000 deg2 of J-PLUS data, containingabout 4.3 millionstars and 3.0 milliongalaxies at r <  21mag. With a goal of 8500 deg2 forthe total J-PLUS footprint, thesenumbers are expected to rise to about 35 millionstars and 24 milliongalaxiesbytheend of thesurvey.Funding for the J-PLUS Project has been provided by the Governments of Spain and Aragón through the Fondo de Inversiones de Teruel, the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO; under grants AYA2017-86274-P, AYA2016-77846-P, AYA2016-77237-C3-1-P, AYA2015-66211-C2-1-P, AYA2015-66211-C2-2, AYA2012-30789, AGAUR grant SGR-661/2017, and ICTS-2009-14), and European FEDER funding (FCDD10-4E-867, FCDD13-4E-2685

New insights into the genetic etiology of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.

Characterization of the genetic landscape of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADD) provides a unique opportunity for a better understanding of the associated pathophysiological processes. We performed a two-stage genome-wide association study totaling 111,326 clinically diagnosed/'proxy' AD cases and 677,663 controls. We found 75 risk loci, of which 42 were new at the time of analysis. Pathway enrichment analyses confirmed the involvement of amyloid/tau pathways and highlighted microglia implication. Gene prioritization in the new loci identified 31 genes that were suggestive of new genetically associated processes, including the tumor necrosis factor alpha pathway through the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. We also built a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future AD/dementia or progression from mild cognitive impairment to AD/dementia. The improvement in prediction led to a 1.6- to 1.9-fold increase in AD risk from the lowest to the highest decile, in addition to effects of age and the APOE ε4 allele

New insights into the genetic etiology of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias

Characterization of the genetic landscape of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADD) provides a unique opportunity for a better understanding of the associated pathophysiological processes. We performed a two-stage genome-wide association study totaling 111,326 clinically diagnosed/'proxy' AD cases and 677,663 controls. We found 75 risk loci, of which 42 were new at the time of analysis. Pathway enrichment analyses confirmed the involvement of amyloid/tau pathways and highlighted microglia implication. Gene prioritization in the new loci identified 31 genes that were suggestive of new genetically associated processes, including the tumor necrosis factor alpha pathway through the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. We also built a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future AD/dementia or progression from mild cognitive impairment to AD/dementia. The improvement in prediction led to a 1.6- to 1.9-fold increase in AD risk from the lowest to the highest decile, in addition to effects of age and the APOE ε4 allele

Cultivation of the autoctonous seaweed Laminaria saccharina off the galician coast (NW): production and features of the sporophytes for an annual and biennial harvest

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