Staphylococcus aureus typing by digestion of protein A coding gene using Bsp143I

Background: Protein A is the virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus rolling in its pathogenesis, and its gene is used for typing. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) with different enzymes has been used for this action. Objectives: In this study, we used Bsp143I enzyme for digestion of the gene, coding protein A (spa gene) in S. aureus. The bacteria were isolated from patients and healthy carriers in Gorgan, north of Iran. Patients and Methods: DNAs of 128 S. aureus subjects (53 from healthy carriers and 75 from patients) were extracted and amplified using specific primers of the spa gene. The product was digested by Bsp143I enzyme and its pattern was assessed by gel electrophoresis. Results: There were seven spa types among the tested S. aureus samples, among which six types differed in the repeated X region of the spa gene, but the seventh type had a deletion on one of BSP143I restriction sites. The frequency of spa types among isolated S. aureus samples as well as healthy carriers was six and five, respectively. S. aureus isolated from wounds showed the most diverse spa types (five) among clinical samples. Types 1, 2 and 4 were observed in all clinical samples, while only one case of type 3 was identified among patients, whereas this type constituted over 32% of the isolates among carriers. We found seven and four spa types among methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) isolates, respectively. Conclusions: Our results showed that typing the spa gene using PCR-RFLP using Bsp143I was an acceptable method for typing S. aureus. Furthermore, this survey showed that the types in healthy carriers and MSSA were more variable than patient and MRSA isolates, respectively. We used the Bsp143I enzyme, which was not used in any previous studies on the spa gene. The results of this study suggested that we can use PCR-RFLP of spa gene by Bsp143I for molecular typing and sequencing of S. aureus, instead of relatively expensive methods. This method is relatively rapid and inexpensive, and can be accomplished in centers with conventional molecular facilities. © 2014, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences

Chemical composition and antibacterial activity from essential oil of Artemisia sieberi Besser subsp. Sieberi in North of Iran

The chemical composition and antibacterial effect of Artemisia siberi essential oil were studied in this research. The composition of essential oil from aerial parts was analyzed by GC/MS and its antibacterial effect were determined by disc diffusion method. Artemisia ketone (48.5%), 1, 8-cineole (19.7%), selin-11-en-4-a-ol (4.6%) and lavandulon (2.8%) were the major constituents of this herbal medicine. Inhibitory zone against Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli around discs contained 100 mg mL-1 of Artemisia siberi essential oil were 18, 13 and 12 mm, respectively. Further studies for the determination of and Pseudomonas infection in animal model are suggested. © 2007 Asian Network for Scientific Information

On the stability of J∗−^*-derivations

In this paper, we establish the stability and superstability of $J^*-$derivations in $J^*-$algebras for the generalized Jensen--type functional equation $$rf(\frac{x+y}{r})+rf(\frac{x-y}{r})= 2f(x).$$ Finally, we investigate the stability of $J^*-$derivations by using the fixed point alternative

Probabilistic total paranorms, F-norms and PN spaces

The concept of paranorm given by A. Wilansky in(Wilansky, 1964)suggests to us the construction of a more restrictive type of probabilistic spaces. One introduces the notion of Probabilistic Total Paranormed spaces (briefly PTPN spaces) and we characterize a class of probabilistic normed spaces which are also PTPN spaces.Finally we show the relationship between F-spaces and PTPN spaces

Reproducibility of 15-Loci MIRU-VNTR method in mycobacterium tuberculosis genotyping

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotyping is an essential step for understanding the epidemiology of tuberculosis. Mycobacterial-interspersed-repetitive-units (MIRU)-variable-number-of-tandem-repeats (VNTR) typing is an important method for this purpose. Objectives: The study aimed to determine the reproducibility of 15-loci MIRU-VNTR method. Methods: DNA extraction and 15-loci MIRU-VNTR were carried out for genotyping of 60 M. tuberculosis isolates collected from different clinical samples of 27 M. tuberculosis patients, each with two to four clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis. The similarity of M. tuberculosis isolates of the same patient was investigated by MIRU-VNTRplus. Results: The patterns of MIRU-VNTR were identical in 43 M. tuberculosis isolates collected from 20 tuberculosis patients, giving the repeatability of 71.6 for the test. In 12 isolates of M. tuberculosis belonging to five patients, the variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) in only one locus was different. In three M. tuberculosis isolates of one patient, two different genotypes were identified. Conclusions: This study confirms the high reproducibility of 15-loci MIRU-VNTR, except for limited cases. © 2019, Author(s)

Boolean algebras of projections and algebras of spectral operators

We show that, given a weak compactness condition which is always satisfied when the underlying space does not contain an isomorphic copy of c0, all the operators in the weakly closed algebra generated by the real and imaginary parts of a family of commuting scalar-type spectral operators on a Banach space will again be scalar-type spectral operators, provided that (and this is a necessary condition with even only two operators) the Boolean algebra of projections generated by their resolutions of the identity is uniformly bounded

Invariant and semi-invariant probabilistic normed spaces

We introduce the concept of semi-invariance among the PN spaces. In this paper we will find a sufficient condition for some PN spaces to be semi-invariant. We will show that PN spaces are normal(functional analysis) spaces.Urysohns's lemma, and Tietze extensions theorem for them are proved

A common fixed point for operators in probabilistic normed spaces

Probabilistic Metric spaces were introduced by Karl Menger [Alsina C., Schweizer B. and Sklar A.: "On the definition of a probabilistic normed spaces", Aequationes Math. 1993; 46: 91-8]. here we consider the equicontinuity of a class of linear operators in probabilistic normed spaces and finally, a common fixed point theorem is proved. Application to quantum Mechanics is considered

Nearly ternary quadratic higher derivations on non-archimedean ternary Banach algebras: A fixed point approach

We investigate the stability and superstability of ternary quadratic higher derivations in non-Archimedean ternary algebras by using a version of fixed point theorem via quadratic functional equation. Copyright © 2011 M. Eshaghi Gordji et al

Occurrence and risk factors of nontuberculous mycobacteria in tuberculosis-suspected patients in the north of Iran

Background and Objectives: Some Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) can occasionally infect the human population and cause infections having symptoms similar to tuberculosis (TB). This study tried to provide updated data about the fre-quency and diversity of NTM species. Materials and Methods: Suspicious samples of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) with both positive results in Zie-hl-Neelsen (ZN) staining and Löwenstein-Jensen medium culturing were evaluated during January 2016 and December 2018 in Gorgan, Iran. After determination of MTB isolates by the growth rate, pigmentation status, the niacin test, and the insertion sequence 6110 (IS6110) PCR assay, other unknown isolates (presumably NTM) were detected by the 16S rDNA sequencing method and drawing the phylogenetic tree. Based on the patients� demographic information, their risk factors were also assessed. Results: Among 226 culture-positive samples, obtained from 2994 individuals with suspected symptoms of TB, the analyses found 12 (5.3) NTM and three Mycobacterium caprae isolates. Mycobacterium simiae (6/12) was the most prevalent NTM species. The average nucleotide similarity value was 98.2 ± 3.7. In comparison to patients with MTB (211 confirmed cas-es), other mycobacterium infections were more common in patients over 65 years old (Odd ratio (95 convenience interval): 2.96 (0.69-12.59), P = 0.14). Conclusion: Although the NTM species has a small portion in TB suspected patients, their prevalence has increased, mainly in elderly patients. Moreover, M. simiae was the most prevalent NTM species in our region. Therefore, identification of common species in each region is recommended and clinicians should pay more attention to them in each region. © 2021 The Authors. Published by Tehran University of Medical Sciences