Analysis of weld joints made of titanium alloy GRADE 2 produced by electron beam welding

Selected properties of welded joints of 2 mm thick titanium alloy Grade 2 produced by different welding parameters of electron beam welding were investigated. The visual inspection, macro and micro analysis, tensile strength test and microhardness measurements were performed. Samples manufactured by appropriate welding parameters had no internal defects, heat-affected zone (HAZ) was narrow and transformation from α phase to β phase was observed in this area. The failure occurred in the base metal during tensile test, while maximum ultimate tensile strength reached 454,3 MPa

OBGA series: Deciduous trees for Oklahoma

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Metalloproteinases in inflammatory bowel diseases

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, encompassing two main disorders: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). In both these pathologies, excessive and local immune response against luminal antigens promotes a pathological process leading to various degrees of gut damage. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of neutral proteases with the ability to degrade all components of extracellular matrix. In physiological conditions, MMPs are produced at very low level and generally in the latent form and are involved in the normal tissue turnover. Their function is inhibited by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). However, in inflamed tissue of IBD patients, MMPs are produced in excess and/or the activity of TIMPs is not sufficient to block MMPs, thereby making a major contribution to the IBD-related mucosal degradation. In this review, we summarize the available evidence on the expression and role of MMPs in IBD

Analysis of weld joints made of titanium alloy GRADE 2 produced by electron beam welding

Selected properties of welded joints of 2 mm thick titanium alloy Grade 2 produced by different welding parameters of electron beam welding were investigated. The visual inspection, macro and micro analysis, tensile strength test and microhardness measurements were performed. Samples manufactured by appropriate welding parameters had no internal defects, heat-affected zone (HAZ) was narrow and transformation from α phase to β phase was observed in this area. The failure occurred in the base metal during tensile test, while maximum ultimate tensile strength reached 454,3 MPa

Surface Behavior of Polyamide 6 Modified by Barrier Plasma in Oxygen and Nitrogen

Polyamide (PA) 6 was modified by diffuse coplanar surface barrier discharge (DCSBD) plasma in an atmosphere of nitrogen and oxygen. The surface roughness decrease of PA 6 was detected by AFM and nano-indentation after modification in DCSBD plasma. A significant increase in O/C and N/C ratios of plasma-modified PA 6 using XPS analysis was found. The results show the importance of introducing oxygenic polar functional groups on the polymeric surface in order to increase its surface energy during a short time of plasma activation. The modification of PA 6 by DCSBD oxygen plasma was more efficient than by nitrogen plasma.Ministry of Education of the Slovak Republic and Slovak Academy of Sciences, projects VEGA (grants no. 2/0185/10, 2/0199/14, and 1/0581/12) as well to the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport of the Czech Republic (CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0111)Scopu

Efeito do fósforo, fumigação do substrato e fungo micorrízico arbuscular sobre o crescimento de plantas de mamoeiro Effect of phosphorus, soil fumigation and mycorrhizal colonization on papaya growth

Estudou-se o efeito da inoculação com o fungo micorrízico arbuscular (FMA), Glomus macrocarpum, da fumigação do substrato e da adição de fósforo solúvel (60, 120, 240 e 480 mg kg-1 de P no solo) sobre as variáveis altura, número de folhas e diâmetro do caule de plantas de mamoeiro cv. Sunrise Solo.O FMA edoses crescentes de fósforo, isoladamente, exerceram efeitos significativos sobre essas variáveis. Não houve efeito significativo do fator fumigação do substrato. O efeito da inoculação foi mais acentuado no tratamento com adição de 60 mg kg-1 de P no solo. A inoculação com G. macrocarpum reduziu a necessidade de fósforo para o mamoeiro, tanto que as variáveis estudadas em plantas inoculadas na ausência de adubação fosfática não diferiram de plantas não inoculadas em substrato adicionado de mais de 240 mg kg-1 de P no solo.<br>The effects of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), substratum fumigation, and addition of soluble phosphate on papaya plant cultivar "Sunrise Solo" parameters (height, leaf number, and stem diameter) were studied. Separate treatments with AMF inoculation (Glomus macrocarpum) and increasing phosphorus levels (60, 120, 240, and 480 mg kg-1 of P in soil) influenced these parameters significantly, while the factor substratum fumigation had no significant effect. The inoculation effect was most expressive when 60 mg kg-1 of P in soil was added. Such was the reduction in phosphorus requirement of papaya by Glomus macrocarpum inoculation, that the studied parameters between inoculated plants without phosphate addition and not-inoculated ones in substratum enriched with over 240 mg kg-1 of P in soil did not differ