Dynamics of molecular nanomagnets in time-dependent external magnetic fields: Beyond the Landau-Zener-St\"{u}ckelberg model

The time evolution of the magnetization of a magnetic molecular crystal is obtained in an external time-dependent magnetic field, with sweep rates in the kT/s range. We present the 'exact numerical' solution of the time dependent Schr\"{o}dinger equation, and show that the steps in the hysteresis curve can be described as a sequence of two-level transitions between adiabatic states. The multilevel nature of the problem causes the transition probabilities to deviate significantly from the predictions of the Landau-Zener-St\"{u}ckelberg model. These calculations allow the introduction of an efficient approximation method that accurately reproduces the exact results. When including phase relaxation by means of an appropriate master equation, we observe an interplay between coherent dynamics and decoherence. This decreases the size of the magnetization steps at the transitions, but does not modify qualitatively the physical picture obtained without relaxation.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure

Early Stage of Superradiance from Bose-Einstein Condensates

We investigate the dynamics of matter and optical waves at the early stage of superradiant Rayleigh scattering from Bose-Einstein Condensates. Our analysis is within a spatially dependent quantum model which is capable of providing analytic solutions for the operators of interest. The predictions of the present model are compared to the predictions of a closely related mean field model, and we provide a procedure that allows one to calculate quantum expectation values by averaging over semiclassical solutions. The coherence properties of the outgoing scattered light are also analyzed, and it is shown that the corresponding correlation functions may provide detailed information about the internal dynamics of the system.Comment: 27 pages, 8 figure

A Technique to Derive Improved Proper Motions for Kepler Objects of Interest

We outline an approach yielding proper motions with higher precision than exists in present catalogs for a sample of stars in the Kepler field. To increase proper motion precision we combine first moment centroids of Kepler pixel data from a single Season with existing catalog positions and proper motions. We use this astrometry to produce improved reduced proper motion diagrams, analogous to a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, for stars identified as Kepler Objects of Interest. The more precise the relative proper motions, the better the discrimination between stellar luminosity classes. With UCAC4 and PPMXL epoch 2000 positions (and proper motions from those catalogs as quasi-bayesian priors) astrometry for a single test Channel (21) and Season (0) spanning two years yields proper motions with an average per-coordinate proper motion error of 1.0 millisecond of arc per year, over a factor of three better than existing catalogs. We apply a mapping between a reduced proper motion diagram and an HR diagram, both constructed using HST parallaxes and proper motions, to estimate Kepler Object of Interest K-band absolute magnitudes. The techniques discussed apply to any future small-field astrometry as well as the rest of the Kepler field.Comment: Accepted to The Astronomical Journal 15 August 201

Passage-time statistics of superradiant light pulses from Bose-Einstein condensates

We discuss the passage-time statistics of superradiant light pulses generated during the scattering of laser light from an elongated atomic Bose-Einstein condensate. Focusing on the early-stage of the phenomenon, we analyze the corresponding probability distributions and their scaling behaviour with respect to the threshold photon number and the coupling strength. With respect to these parameters, we find quantities which only vary significantly during the transition between the Kapitza Dirac and the Bragg regimes. A possible connection of the present observations to Brownian motion is also discussed.Comment: Close to the version published in J. Phys.

Global entanglement and coherent states in an N-partite system

We consider a quantum system consisting of N parts, each of which is a "quKit" described by a K dimensional Hilbert space. We prove that in the symmetric subspace, S, a pure state is not globally entangled, if and only if it is a coherent state. It is also shown that in the orthogonal complement all states are globally entangled

Interferometric Astrometry of the Low-mass Binary Gl 791.2 (= HU Del) Using Hubble Space Telescope Fine Guidance Sensor 3: Parallax and Component Masses

With fourteen epochs of fringe tracking data spanning 1.7y from Fine Guidance Sensor 3 we have obtained a parallax (pi_abs=113.1 +- 0.3 mas) and perturbation orbit for Gl 791.2A. Contemporaneous fringe scanning observations yield only three clear detections of the secondary on both interferometer axes. They provide a mean component magnitude difference, Delta V = 3.27 +- 0.10. The period (P = 1.4731 yr) from the perturbation orbit and the semi-major axis (a = 0.963 +- 0.007 AU) from the measured component separations with our parallax provide a total system mass M_A + M_B = 0.412 +- 0.009 M_sun. Component masses are M_A=0.286 +- 0.006 M_sun and M_B = 0.126 +- 0.003 M_sun. Gl 791.2A and B are placed in a sparsely populated region of the lower main sequence mass-luminosity relation where they help define the relation because the masses have been determined to high accuracy, with errors of only 2%.Comment: 19 pages, 5 figures. The paper is to appear in August 2000 A