91,998 research outputs found
Unitary Fermi Gas in a Harmonic Trap
We present an {\it ab initio} calculation of small numbers of trapped,
strongly interacting fermions using the Green's Function Monte Carlo method
(GFMC). The ground state energy, density profile and pairing gap are calculated
for particle numbers using the parameter-free "unitary"
interaction. Trial wave functions are taken of the form of correlated pairs in
a harmonic oscillator basis. We find that the lowest energies are obtained with
a minimum explicit pair correlation beyond that needed to exploit the
degeneracy of oscillator states. We find that energies can be well fitted by
the expression where is the
Thomas-Fermi energy of a noninteracting gas in the trap and is a
pairing gap. There is no evidence of a shell correction energy in the
systematics, but the density distributions show pronounced shell effects. We
find the value for the pairing gap. This is smaller
than the value found for the uniform gas at a density corresponding to the
central density of the trapped gas.Comment: 2 figures, 2 table
Thermal buckling analysis for stiffened orthotropic cylindrical shells
Structural analysis of thermal buckling of orthotropic, multilayered, stiffened cylindrical shell using finite differences and determinant plotting or modal iteratio
Valley-dependent Brewster angles and Goos-Hanchen effect in strained graphene
We demonstrate theoretically how local strains in graphene can be tailored to
generate a valley polarized current. By suitable engineering of local strain
profiles, we find that electrons in opposite valleys (K or K') show different
Brewster-like angles and Goos-H\"anchen shifts, exhibiting a close analogy with
light propagating behavior. In a strain-induced waveguide, electrons in K and
K' valleys have different group velocities, which can be used to construct a
valley filter in graphene without the need for any external fields.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
A systematic study of Rayleigh-Brillouin scattering in air, N2 and O2 gases
Spontaneous Rayleigh-Brillouin scattering experiments in air, N2 and O2 have
been performed for a wide range of temperatures and pressures at a wavelength
of 403 nm and at a 90 degrees scattering angle. Measurements of the
Rayleigh-Brillouin spectral scattering profile were conducted at high
signal-to-noise ratio for all three species, yielding high-quality spectra
unambiguously showing the small differences between scattering in air, and its
constituents N2 and O2. Comparison of the experimental spectra with
calculations using the Tenti S6 model, developed in 1970s based on linearized
kinetic equations for molecular gases, demonstrates that this model is valid to
high accuracy. After previous measurements performed at 366 nm, the Tenti S6
model is here verified for a second wavelength of 403 nm. Values for the bulk
viscosity for the gases are derived by optimizing the model to the
measurements. It is verified that the bulk viscosity parameters obtained from
previous experiments at 366 nm, are valid for wavelengths of 403 nm. Also for
air, which is treated as a single-component gas with effective gas transport
coefficients, the Tenti S6 treatment is validated for 403 nm as for the
previously used wavelength of 366 nm, yielding an accurate model description of
the scattering profiles for a range of temperatures and pressures, including
those of relevance for atmospheric studies. It is concluded that the Tenti S6
model, further verified in the present study, is applicable to LIDAR
applications for exploring the wind velocity and the temperature profile
distributions of the Earth's atmosphere. Based on the present findings,
predictions can be made on the spectral profiles for a typical LIDAR
backscatter geometry, which deviate by some 7 percent from purely Gaussian
profiles at realistic sub-atmospheric pressures occurring at 3-5 km altitude in
the Earth's atmosphere
Resonant Tunneling through S- and U-shaped Graphene Nanoribbons
We theoretically investigate resonant tunneling through S- and U-shaped
nanostructured graphene nanoribbons. A rich structure of resonant tunneling
peaks are found eminating from different quasi-bound states in the middle
region. The tunneling current can be turned on and off by varying the Fermi
energy. Tunability of resonant tunneling is realized by changing the width of
the left and/or right leads and without the use of any external gates.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure
Ab initio study of a mechanically gated molecule: From weak to strong correlation
The electronic spectrum of a chemically contacted molecule in the junction of
a scanning tunneling microscope can be modified by tip retraction. We analyze
this effect by a combination of density functional, many-body perturbation and
numerical renormalization group theory, taking into account both the
non-locality and the dynamics of electronic correlation. Our findings, in
particular the evolution from a broad quasiparticle resonance below to a narrow
Kondo resonance at the Fermi energy, correspond to the experimental
observations.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
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