Institutional and policy issues in the management of fisheries and coastal resources in Cambodia

Fishery management, Governments, Fishery policies, Resource conservation, Resource management, Cambodia,

Action de l'arséniate d'étain sur quelques cestodes et nématodes du poulet

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Action de l'arséniate d'étain sur divers cestodes du mouton

L'arséniate d'étain (AsO4HSn, 1/2 H2O) élimine complètement les infestations des moutons par Moniezia expansa, M. benedeni, Stilesia globipunctata et Avitallina centripunctata. Seul S. hepatica échappe à son action. L'administration doit être faite en supprimant la distribution d'eau 12 heures avant et 4 heures après le traitement. Deux dosages sont utilisés : 250 mg par tête permet l'élimination de M. expansa et M. benedeni alors qu'une dose de 350 mg doit être utilisée en cas d'infestation par les autres Anoplocephalidae. Dans ce cas, l'arrêt de distribution d'eau doit durer de 20 heures avant le traitement à 4 heures après. Ce traitement n'entraîne pas d'avortement et permet une croissance très rapide et un rétablissement des animaux infestés en un temps record. Dans les pays tropicaux, du fait des conditions extérieures défavorables prévalant de mai à novembre, l’arséniate d’étain doit être manipulé avec de grandes précautions, notamment pour les fortes doses (350 et 500 mg). La dose létale se situe autour de 2 à 2,5 g ce qui donne un coefficient chimie-thérapeutique de 8-9 (dose de 250 mg) et de 6 (350 mg). La toxicité pour l’homme des viandes provenant d’animaux traités à 250 mg et à 350 mg est absolument nulle dès le cinquième ou sixième jour après l’administration d’arséniate

SGBS cells as a model of human adipocyte browning: A comprehensive comparative study with primary human white subcutaneous adipocytes.

The Simpson Golabi Behmel Syndrome (SGBS) pre-adipocyte cell strain is widely considered to be a representative in vitro model of human white pre-adipocytes. A recent study suggested that SGBS adipocytes exhibit an unexpected transient brown phenotype. Here, we comprehensively examined key differences between SGBS adipocytes and primary human white subcutaneous (PHWSC) adipocytes. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction and metabolic pathways were the top two KEGG pathways significantly enriched in SGBS adipocytes, which included positively enriched mitochondrial respiration and oxidation pathways. Compared to PHWSC adipocytes, SGBS adipocytes showed not only greater induction of adipogenic gene expression during differentiation but also increased levels of UCP1 mRNA and protein expression. Functionally, SGBS adipocytes displayed higher ISO-induced basal leak respiration and overall oxygen consumption rate, along with increased triglyceride accumulation and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. In conclusion, we confirmed that SGBS adipocytes, which are considered of white adipose tissue origin can shift towards a brown/beige adipocyte phenotype. These differences indicate SGBS cells may help to identify mechanisms leading to browning, and inform our understanding for the use of SGBS vis-à-vis primary human subcutaneous adipocytes as a human white adipocyte model, guiding the selection of appropriate cell models in future metabolic research

Geometric numerical schemes for the KdV equation

Geometric discretizations that preserve certain Hamiltonian structures at the discrete level has been proven to enhance the accuracy of numerical schemes. In particular, numerous symplectic and multi-symplectic schemes have been proposed to solve numerically the celebrated Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation. In this work, we show that geometrical schemes are as much robust and accurate as Fourier-type pseudo-spectral methods for computing the long-time KdV dynamics, and thus more suitable to model complex nonlinear wave phenomena.Comment: 22 pages, 14 figures, 74 references. Other author's papers can be downloaded at http://www.lama.univ-savoie.fr/~dutykh

Robust SARS-CoV-2 T cell responses with common TCR?? motifs toward COVID-19 vaccines in patients with hematological malignancy impacting B cells

Immunocompromised hematology patients are vulnerable to severe COVID-19 and respond poorly to vaccination. Relative deficits in immunity are, however, unclear, especially after 3 vaccine doses. We evaluated immune responses in hematology patients across three COVID-19 vaccination doses. Seropositivity was low after a first dose of BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 (∼26%), increased to 59%–75% after a second dose, and increased to 85% after a third dose. While prototypical antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) and T follicular helper (Tfh) cell responses were elicited in healthy participants, hematology patients showed prolonged ASCs and skewed Tfh2/17 responses. Importantly, vaccine-induced expansions of spike-specific and peptide-HLA tetramer-specific CD4+/CD8+ T cells, together with their T cell receptor (TCR) repertoires, were robust in hematology patients, irrespective of B cell numbers, and comparable to healthy participants. Vaccinated patients with breakthrough infections developed higher antibody responses, while T cell responses were comparable to healthy groups. COVID-19 vaccination induces robust T cell immunity in hematology patients of varying diseases and treatments irrespective of B cell numbers and antibody response

How to compute the extracellular potential in electrocardiology from an extended monodomain model

The objective of this paper is to introduce efficient methods to compute the relevant information required for electrograms simulations. In order to avoid the excessive cost of the bidomain model, we consider an extended monodomain model with an additional elliptic equation which is solved on the epicardium thanks to an algebraic equation or an integral formulation.L'objectif de cet article est de présenter des méthodes efficaces permettant d'obtenir les informations pertinentes pour le calcul d'électrogrammes. Afin d'éviter le coût excessif du modèle bidomaine, on considère ici un modèle monodomaine étendu avec une équation elliptique supplémentaire qui est résolue sur l'épicarde grâce à une équation algébrique ou une formulation intégrale

Serre-type Equations in Deep Water

This manuscript is devoted to the modelling of water waves in the deep water regime with some emphasis on the underlying variational structures. The present article should be considered as a review of some existing models and modelling approaches even if new results are presented as well. Namely, we derive the deep water analogue of the celebrated SERRE–GREEN–NAGHDI equations which have become the standard model in shallow water environments. The relation to existing models is discussed. Moreover, the multi-symplectic structure of these equations is reported as well. The results of this work can be used to develop various types of robust structure-preserving variational integrators in deep water. The methodology of constructing approximate models presented in this study can be naturally extrapolated to other physical flow regimes as well

How to compute the extracellular potential in electrocardiology from an extended monodomain model

L'objectif de cet article est de présenter des méthodes efficaces permettant d'obtenir les informations pertinentes pour le calcul d'électrogrammes. Afin d'éviter le coût excessif du modèle bidomaine, on considère ici un modèle monodomaine étendu avec une équation elliptique supplémentaire qui est résolue sur l'épicarde grâce à une équation algébrique ou une formulation intégrale.The objective of this paper is to introduce efficient methods to compute the relevant information required for electrograms simulations. In order to avoid the excessive cost of the bidomain model, we consider an extended monodomain model with an additional elliptic equation which is solved on the epicardium thanks to an algebraic equation or an integral formulation