4,503 research outputs found
Physical limitations to the spatial resolution of solid-state detectors
In this paper we explore the effect of -ray emission, fluctuations in
th e signal deposition on the detection of charged particles in silicon-based
detec tors. We show that these two effects ultimately limit the resolution that
can be achieved by interpolation of the signal in finely segmented
position-sensitive solid-state devices.Comment: 5 page
The imprints of superstatistics in multiparticle production processes
We provide an update of the overview of imprints of Tsallis nonextensive
statistics seen in a multiparticle production processes. They reveal an
ubiquitous presence of power law distributions of different variables
characterized by the nonextensivity parameter q > 1. In nuclear collisions one
additionally observes a q-dependence of the multiplicity fluctuations
reflecting the finiteness of the hadronizing source. We present sum rules
connecting parameters q obtained from an analysis of different observables,
which allows us to combine different kinds of fluctuations seen in the data and
analyze an ensemble in which the energy (E), temperature (T) and multiplicity
(N) can all fluctuate. This results in a generalization of the so called
Lindhard's thermodynamic uncertainty relation. Finally, based on the example of
nucleus-nucleus collisions (treated as a quasi-superposition of nucleon-nucleon
collisions) we demonstrate that, for the standard Tsallis entropy with degree
of nonextensivity q < 1, the corresponding standard Tsallis distribution is
described by q' = 2 - q > 1.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures. Based on invited talk given by Z.Wlodarczyk at
SigmaPhi2011 conference, Larnaka, Cyprus, 11-15 July 2011. To be published in
Cent. Eur. J. Phys. (2011
Propagation of strangelets in the Earth's atmosphere
A new model for the description of the behaviour of strangelets in the
Earth's atmosphere is presented. Strangelet fission induced by collision with
air nuclei is included. It is shown that strangelets with certain parameters of
initial mass and energy may reach depths near sea level, which can be examined
by ground-based experiments.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure
The morphometry of the accessory leaflets of the tricuspid valve in a four cuspidal model
The tricuspid valve is of great importance because of the progress made in
operative techniques and invasive cardiology accidents. This structure is more
differentiated during evolution than the mitral valve. Accessory leaflets, their
frequency and role are still controversial, despite the fact that they have been
known from the beginning of the 20th century. The number of leaflets in the
tricuspid valve grows in an evolutionary line, but the rules governing their
appearance are still not known. The samples were taken from a group of
107 human adult hearts. The four-cuspidal form of the tricuspid valve was
used as the simplest model to show the appearance of accessory leaflets for
anatomical and statistical examination. On the basis of the results of this
study we conclude that the separation of accessory leaflets is a complex
process
Consequences of temperature fluctuations in observables measured in high energy collisions
We review the consequences of intrinsic, nonstatistical temperature
fluctuations as seen in observables measured in high energy collisions. We do
this from the point of view of nonextensive statistics and Tsallis
distributions. Particular attention is paid to multiplicity fluctuations as a
first consequence of temperature fluctuations, to the equivalence of
temperature and volume fluctuations, to the generalized thermodynamic
fluctuations relations allowing us to compare fluctuations observed in
different parts of phase space, and to the problem of the relation between
Tsallis entropy and Tsallis distributions. We also discuss the possible
influence of conservation laws on these distributions and provide some examples
of how one can get them without considering temperature fluctuations.Comment: Revised version of the invited contribution to The European Physical
Journal A (Hadrons and Nuclei) topical issue about 'Relativistic Hydro- and
Thermodynamics in Nuclear Physics' guest eds. Tamas S. Biro, Gergely G.
Barnafoldi and Peter Va
Can cosmic strangelets reach the earth?
The mechanism for the propagation of strangelets with low baryon number
through the atmosphere of the Earth has been explored. It has been shown that
under suitable initial conditions, such strangelets may indeed reach depths
near mountain altitudes with mass numbers and charges close to the observed
values in cosmic ray experiments.Comment: RevTeX text, with 3 encoded eps figures. To appear in Physical Review
Letter
RDF Querying
Reactive Web systems, Web services, and Web-based publish/
subscribe systems communicate events as XML messages, and in
many cases require composite event detection: it is not sufficient to react
to single event messages, but events have to be considered in relation to
other events that are received over time.
Emphasizing language design and formal semantics, we describe the
rule-based query language XChangeEQ for detecting composite events.
XChangeEQ is designed to completely cover and integrate the four complementary
querying dimensions: event data, event composition, temporal
relationships, and event accumulation. Semantics are provided as
model and fixpoint theories; while this is an established approach for rule
languages, it has not been applied for event queries before
Magnetized strangelets at finite temperature
The main properties of magnetized strangelets, namely, their energy per
baryon, radius and electric charge, are studied. Temperature effects are also
taken into account in order to study their stability compared to the 56Fe
isotope and non-magnetized strangelets using the liquid drop model. Massive
quarks are considered with the aim to have a more realistic description for
strangelets in the astrophysical context and the environment of heavy ion
colliders, playing also an important role in the thermodynamical quantities of
the quark gas. It is concluded that the presence of a magnetic field tends to
stabilize more the strangelets, even when temperature effects are taken into
account. Magnetized strangelets in a paired superconductor phase (magnetized
color flavor locked phase) are also discussed. It is shown that they are more
stable than ordinary magnetized strangelets for typical gap values of the order
of O(100) MeV.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures, discussion extended, new references adde
Inelaticity in hadron-nucleus collisions from emulsion chamber studies
The inelasticity of hadron-carbon nucleus collisions in the energy region
exceeding 100 TeV is estimated from the carbon-emulsion chamber data at Pamirs
to be . When combined with the recently presented data on
hadron-lead nucleus collisions taken at the same energy range it results in the
mass number dependence of inelasticity. The evaluated partial
inelasticity for secondary () interactions, ,
suggests that the second and higher interactions of the excited hadron inside
the nucleus proceed with only slight energy losses.Comment: LaTeX file and 5 LaTeX files with figures, 11 pages altogether.
Thoroughly rewritten and modified, one figure addded one removed. To be
published in Phys. Rev.
Describing Subjective Experiment Consistency by -Value P-P Plot
There are phenomena that cannot be measured without subjective testing.
However, subjective testing is a complex issue with many influencing factors.
These interplay to yield either precise or incorrect results. Researchers
require a tool to classify results of subjective experiment as either
consistent or inconsistent. This is necessary in order to decide whether to
treat the gathered scores as quality ground truth data. Knowing if subjective
scores can be trusted is key to drawing valid conclusions and building
functional tools based on those scores (e.g., algorithms assessing the
perceived quality of multimedia materials). We provide a tool to classify
subjective experiment (and all its results) as either consistent or
inconsistent. Additionally, the tool identifies stimuli having irregular score
distribution. The approach is based on treating subjective scores as a random
variable coming from the discrete Generalized Score Distribution (GSD). The
GSD, in combination with a bootstrapped G-test of goodness-of-fit, allows to
construct -value P-P plot that visualizes experiment's consistency. The tool
safeguards researchers from using inconsistent subjective data. In this way, it
makes sure that conclusions they draw and tools they build are more precise and
trustworthy. The proposed approach works in line with expectations drawn solely
on experiment design descriptions of 21 real-life multimedia quality subjective
experiments.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures. Accepted to 28th ACM International Conference on
Multimedia (MM '20). For associated data sets, source codes and
documentation, see https://github.com/Qub3k/subjective-exp-consistency-chec
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