High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) screening and detection in healthy patient saliva samples: a pilot study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The human papillomaviruses (HPV) are a large family of non-enveloped DNA viruses, mainly associated with cervical cancers. Recent epidemiologic evidence has suggested that HPV may be an independent risk factor for oropharyngeal cancers. Evidence now suggests HPV may modulate the malignancy process in some tobacco- and alcohol-induced oropharynx tumors, but might also be the primary oncogenic factor for inducing carcinogenesis among some non-smokers. More evidence, however, is needed regarding oral HPV prevalence among healthy adults to estimate risk. The goal of this study was to perform an HPV screening of normal healthy adults to assess oral HPV prevalence.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Healthy adult patients at a US dental school were selected to participate in this pilot study. DNA was isolated from saliva samples and screened for high-risk HPV strains HPV16 and HPV18 and further processed using qPCR for quantification and to confirm analytical sensitivity and specificity.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Chi-square analysis revealed the patient sample was representative of the general clinic population with respect to gender, race and age (<it>p </it>< 0.05). Four patient samples were found to harbor HPV16 DNA, representing 2.6% of the total (n = 151). Three of the four HPV16-positive samples were from patients under 65 years of age and all four were female and Hispanic (non-White). No samples tested positive for HPV18.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The successful recruitment and screening of healthy adult patients revealed HPV16, but not HPV18, was present in a small subset. These results provide new information about oral HPV status, which may help to contextualize results from other studies that demonstrate oral cancer rates have risen in the US among both females and minorities and in some geographic areas that are not solely explained by rates of tobacco and alcohol use. The results of this study may be of significant value to further our understanding of oral health and disease risk, as well as to help design future studies exploring the role of other factors that influence oral HPV exposure, as well as the short- and long-term consequences of oral HPV infection.</p

Eagle Syndrome

Eagle&apos;s syndrome is characterized by an elongated styloid process and (or) calcification of&quot;nstylohyoid ligament besides clinical symptoms. The symptoms are those related to pain when&quot;nswallowing or rotating the neck, headacke, earache, dizziness, intermittent glossitis, sensation of&quot;nforeign body in pharynx and transient syncope. The case which is presented can be considered a very&quot;nrare form of the disease in which complete calcification of the ligament and it&apos;s thickening has&quot;noccured. Also there is little relationship between the severity of calcification and severity of symptoms.&quot;nA careful and thorough evaluation of each panoramic radiography is emphasized

"EFFICACY OF TOPICAL RETINOIC ACID COMPARED WITH TOPICAL TRIAMCINOLONE ACETONIDE IN THE TREATMENT OF ORAL LICHEN PLANUS"

The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of retinoic acid 0.05% with triamcinolone acetonide 0.1%, both in an oral base, in the treatment of atrophic and erosive oral lichen planus. Thirty patients with clinically proven oral lichen planus were asked to participate in the study. The severity of lesions was scored from 0 (no lesion) to 5 (large erosion), and symptoms were scored ranging from 100 (asymptomatic) to 0 (impossible to live with symptoms). Patients were randomly assigned to receive either triamcinolone acetonide or retinoic acid. They were instructed to apply the medication on dried lesions four times a day. The signs and symptoms were evaluated after 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks of treatment. The scores were analyzed by the Wilcoxon rank sum test. The stage of lesions in patients receiving topical triamcinolone acetonide (n=18) improved from an average score of 3.22 to 1.05 after 4 weeks of treatment, whereas patients receiving topical retinoic acid (n=12) showed nonsignificant improvement (average score 3.41 improved to 3.25). The keratotic areas in 4 patients (22.2%) receiving triamcinolone acetonide and one patient (8.3%) in the retinoic acid group were completely resolved. After 4 weeks of treatment all patients in triamcinolone acetonide group, and 50% of retinoic acid group were asymptomatic. Improvement in symptoms and signs was significantly different in the two groups (p&amp;#8804; 0.003, p&amp;#8804; 0.0001 respectively). The results suggest that in non-keratotic and even keratotic oral lichen planus, topical triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% in oral base reduces the severity of atrophic and erosive oral lesions more effectively than topical retionoic acid 0.05% in oral base

Evaluating the effect of chlorhexidine mouthwash 0.2% in controlling the oral complications of chemotherapy

In order to evaluate the effect of chlorhexidine mouthwash in controlling oral complications of chemotherapy, 146 patients were recruited among the patients referred to heamatology department of Shariati hospital who were under treatment by routine chemotherapic drugs like EBDV, CMF or FU-Lucoverin5 for first, second or third time. The patients were  allocated into two groups to receive either chlorhexidine or Placebo  for a week after careful examination and evaluation. Finally, It was concluded that Chlorhexidine is effective to reduce oral complications of chemotherapy (P-value≤0.002)

First Report of New Oral Findings in a Case with Noonan Syndrome

&quot;nNoonan syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder that is typically evident at birth. In many affected individuals, this syn&amp;shy;drome is associated with cardiac defects and a distinctive facial appearance. The high frequency of cardiac disorder, oph&amp;shy;thalmic, growth and orthopedic signs, associated with Noonan syndrome emphasizes the need for early diagnosis. This re&amp;shy;port aimed to present a 19 year old Iranian girl suffering from Noonan syndrome. In this case in addition to typical signs and symptoms reported for Noonan syndrome earlier, there are three other significant signs which have not been reported yet in any other cases. So they are supposed to be related to Noonan syndrome

CORRELATION OF BLOOD LEVELS OF CYCLOSPORINE AND IT&apos;S METABOLITES AND LOCAL FACTORS WITH GINGIVAL OVERGROWTH IN IRANIAN RENAL ALLOGRAFT PATIENTS

Forty renal allograft patients with three months under immunosuppression by cycloserine were examined for their gingival overgrowth and it&apos;s correlation with several parameters including the trough levels of blood cyclosporine and it&apos;s metabolites measured by the fluorescence polarization immunoassay technique. No correlation was found between the scores of gingival overgrowth and both the age of patients and duration of cyclosporine therapy. Also, there was no correlation between the scores of gingival overgrowth and the levels of dental plaque. Our findings confirm the effective role of gingival inflammation as a local predisposing factor and also suggest the potential toxic action of cyclosporine metabolites on development of gingival overgrowth or it&apos;s accentuation