Histopathologic and immunohistochemical lesions in liver of mink infected with Aleutian disease virus

Parvovirus of Aleutian disease causes mainly damage to kidneys, but immune complexes deposition and damage may occur also in other organs. In mink farms of Latvia the liver dystrophy or hepatic lipidosis of mink is widely distributed. The goal of this study was to examine probability of liver damage and regeneration of mink infected with Aleutian disease virus. Liver injury was assessed histologically. The mink liver demonstrated inflammation of liver parenchyma and foci of fatty liver. In immunohistochemistry, during liver regeneration the matrix metalloproteinases MMP-9, vascular endothelial growth factor and ß-defensin 2 expressions were lower, but MMP-2 and nerve growth factor receptor p75 expression was increased.publishersversionPeer reviewe

The expression of cytokines and β -defensin 2, - 3, -4 in rabbit bone tissue after hydroxyapatite (HAp), α- Tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) implantation

Bone loss induced by inflammation is one of the complications after biomaterial implantation. There is no much data on expression of cytokines and defensins into the bone tissue around the implants in literature. The aim of this work was to investigate the distribution and appearance of interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and (β - defensin (BD)-2, BD-3, BD-4 after the implantation of different biomaterials. Bone developing zones, signs of bone-implant contact and low expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1, IL-6 and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in experimental tissue with pure HAp and unburned HAp implants indicate a potential advantage of this material in terms of its biocompatibility over the other materials used in our study.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Alternative for improving gut microbiota : Use of Jerusalem artichoke and probiotics in diet of weaned piglets

Funding Information: The authors are grateful to the ERAF Funds for financial support of this work (No 2010/0226/2DP/2.1.1.1.0/10/APIA/VIAA/099). Publisher Copyright: © 2014 Polish Academy of Sciences, Committee of Veterinary Sciences & University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn.The aim of the study was to determine the effect of Jerusalem artichoke and probiotics on defence activity of intestinal cells of weaning pigs. One hundred eighty piglets (7 weeks old) were fed with basal feed supplemented with Jerusalem artichoke, Lactobacillus reuteri and Pediococcus pentosaceus. After 5 weeks, the piglets were slaughtered and the gastrointestinal contents and intestine samples were taken for analysis. Results demonstrated that in pigs fed basal diet with both probiotics and Jerusalem artichoke (5% of basal diet) (T3 group) had less (P<0.05) faecal Enterobacteriaceae microorganisms and coliforms and had more (P<0,05) faecal Lactobacillus than in pigs from other groups. Increase by 2% of Enterobacteriaceae and E.coli levels were seen only in control piglets (T1 group). E.coli O157 was found at the closing stage in the piglets fed basal diet with only Jerusalem artichoke powder (T2 group), but Salmonella enteritidis-only in T1 group. In jejunum of T2 group piglets, large deterioration of crypts, a moderate inflammation process and plasmocytes were seen, but in jejunum of T3 group piglets-branching of apical surface of villi, moderate degeneration and mitosis of enterocytes were observed. A moderate number of apoptotic cells in T2 group was found mainly in colon inflammation cells and plasmocytes, but for T3 group piglets-both in jejunum enterocytes and migrating cells. Our study indicated that β-defensin 2 and 3 expression in jejunum and colon segments were incresed in T1 and T2 groups. Findings suggest that feeding with probiotics and Jerusalem artichoke significantly improves the microbial contents, defence and regeneration processes in the intestine of pigs.publishersversionPeer reviewe

The distribution of interleukins and cytokines in the mucous membranes of the nose and the nasopharynx in the patients presenting with the post-nasal drip syndrome

Publisher Copyright: © 2018, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved.The objective of the present study was to elucidate the distribution of interleukins and cytokines in the mucous membranes of the nose and the nasopharynx in the patients presenting with the post-nasal drip syndrome. The study included 20 patients with this pathological condition and 20 volunteers who comprised the control group. The samples of the mucous membranes of the nose and the nasopharynx were examined with the use of the immunohistochemical methods to identify the protein gene product 9.5, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, the tumour necrosis factor-alpha, nuclear factor-kB, and beta-defensin. It was shown that the post-nasal drip syndrome is characterized by the enhanced content of the protein gene product 9.5, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, the tumour necrosis factor-alpha, nuclear factor-kB, and beta-defensin in the mucous membranes of the nose and the nasopharynx.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Time-dependent cytokine expression in bone of experimental animals after hydroxyapatite (Hap) implantation

Proinflammatory cytokines mediate bone loss around the implants in patients with peri-implant disease. However, there is no complete data about the expression of cytokines into the bone around the implants. The aim of this work was to investigate the distribution and appearance of inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory proteins in the bone of jaw of experimental rabbits in different time periods after HAp implantation. Material was obtained from 8 rabbits in lower jaw 6 and 8 months after HAp implants were placed. Tissues were processed for immunohistochemical detection of tumor necrosis factor alfa (TNFα), Interleukin 1, 6, 8, 10 (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10) and defensin 2. Results demonstrated practically unchanged expression of IL-6 and IL-10 between both - experimental and control side 6 months after implantation, while IL-1 and IL-8 notably increased in control side. IL-1 and IL-10 expression did not change in either the experimental side nor the controle side after 8 months HAP implantation, but IL-6 and IL-8 demonstrated a decrease in the control sites. Only IL-8 was elevated with time in experimental sites, while IL-10 showed individual variations in 2 cases.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Development of local strontium ranelate delivery systems and long term in vitro drug release studies in osteogenic medium

Funding Information: The authors acknowledge financial support from the Latvian Academy of Sciences though the ERANet under the frame of EuroNanoMed-II (Nanoforosteo, Project number: Z/14/1187) and the Riga Technical University and Riga Stardiņš University Cooperation Research Project No. RTU/RSU-18. Publisher Copyright: © 2018, The Author(s).It has been recognized that the operative stabilization of osteoporotic fractures should be followed up with an appropriate osteoporosis treatment in order to decrease the risk of repeated fractures. Despite the good clinical results of strontium ranelate (SrRan) towards the osteoporosis treatment, high drug doses and long treatment period cause an increased risk of serious side effects. Novel local SrRan/poly(lactic acid) (SrRan/PLA) delivery systems containing from 3.57 ± 0.28 wt% to 24.39 ± 0.91 wt% of active substance were developed. In order to resemble the naturally occurring processes, osteogenic media (OM) was used as a release medium for long term (121 days) in vitro drug release studies and UV/VIS method for the determination of SrRan content in OM was developed and validated. Biomimetic calcium phosphate precipitates were found on the surface and in the pores of prepared delivery system after microcapsule exposure to OM for 121 days as well as SrRan particles, indicating that the release of the drug have not been completed within 121 days. In vitro cell viability evaluation approved no cytotoxic effects of microcapsule suspensions and extracts.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Morphologic comparison of blood vessels used for coronary artery bypass surgery

Background: Aim of this study was to evaluate morphologic features of healthy saphenous vein and internal thoracic artery used in coronary artery bypass surgery and compare results. Materials and methods: Ten specimens of saphenous veins and ten of internal thoracic arteries used for coronary artery bypass graft were obtained from 20 patients. Histological routine and immunohistochemical staining was performed with: endothelin (ET), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP2), metallomembranoproteinase 2 (MMP2), transforming growth factor beta (TGF β), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM). A semiquantitative evaluation method was used. Results: There was found: moderate positive endothelin-containing cells in both blood vessel types; moderate positive MMP2 cells and moderate to numerous positive TIMP2 cells in veins. In arteries – occasionally marked positive MMP2 cells and negative TIMP2; moderate to numerous positive VEGF endothelial cells on small blood vessels in vein wall and occasional in artery wall; numerous TGFβ structures in veins and abundance of VCAM, ICAM positive cells, few in arteries; few HGF positive structures in veins, negative in arteries; In veins few PGP9,5 positive nerve fibres, in arteries - moderate. Moderate TUNEL reaction positive apoptotic cells in veins and few to moderate in arteries. Conclusions: V.saphena magna grafts are characterized by more intensive modelation plasticity. Number of VEGF, VCAM and ICAM found in v.saphena magna proves the possible tendency of graft failure on basis of local blood supply intensification. Appearance of endothelin positive cells indicate the similar homeostasis condition in endotheliocytes in both – vein and artery grafts

Comparative studies on bone structure in dairy cows with different feeding conditions

The bone belongs to the dynamic tissues and its structure in domestic cows is still not completely understood in correlation to the impact of different food components. The aim of our work was a histomorphometrical and immunohistochemical research on bone morphology and factors influencing it in healthy dairy cows fed with self-produced grain and with rapeseed cakes. The bone of self-produced grain-fed cows demonstrated statistically significant difference in the number of osteocytes from the bone of rapeseed cakes-fed cows. The rapeseed cakes-fed cows didn't show any bone cell positive for BMP2/4, while FGFR1 increased significantly in their supportive tissues. The number of bFGF- and apoptosis-containing structures varied in cows of both groups. MMP2 expression showed statistically significant difference between both animals' groups with domination in bone of cows fed with self-produced grain. Defensin-, osteopontin- and osteocalcin-contain- ing cells showed tendency to increase in bone of cows on rapeseed cakes diet. Conclusions. The rapeseed-fed cow's long bones demonstrate significant decrease of osteocytes per mm2 and selective increase of FGFR1, suggesting the (compensatory) growth stimulation in supportive tissue. The statistically significant selective absence of MMP2 with a slight tendency of increase in osteopontin and osteocalcin in rapeseed-fed cow's long bones indicates the persistence of seemingly still compensated qualitative changes in bone (beginning of disturbances in mineralization, metabolism etc.) proved also by a slight increase of the bone antimicrobial peptide