Learning Moo-re About the Dairy: Publishing a Middle Level Place-Based Informational Text

This manuscript describes the creation of an middle level informational text about the local university dairy. The place-based assignment introduced the elementary education teacher candidates to the everyday workings of the university dairy. The preservice teachers engaged in the writing process throughout the creation of the informational text

A Proposal to Expand the Religious Services Exemption Under the Copyright Act

This article focuses on the religious services exemption to the Copyright Act. The religious services exemption is one of many exemptions that permit certain types of use without first obtaining permission from the copyright owner, or proving fair use. This article argues that the religious services exemption should be expanded to cover any work used in the course of services as well as the recording, broadcast, and transmission of the services. The first part of this article analyzes the existing religious services exemption under the Copyright Act to define the bounds that uses fall under the exemption. The article then proceeds to present a proposal for expanding the exemption to accommodate the needs of modern religious organizations. Next, the article addresses the Establishment Clause and the constitutionality of the current religious services exemption. Thereafter, the article demonstrates that the religious services exemption can defeat an Establishment Clause challenge by expanding the exemption to cover non-religious ventures, such as teaching in general. Finally, the article examines traditional fair use under copyright law, specifically how the fair use analysis will apply to works used during the course of religious services. The article concludes that the current religious services exemption is inadequate to meet the needs of a society of instant communication, which has changed the way religious organizations need to effectively communicate their religious messages. However, the proposed expansion would satisfy those needs as well as pass constitutional muster

I\u27ll Make Him an Offer He Can\u27t Refuse: A Proposed Model for Alternative Dispute Resolution in Intellectual Property Disputes

This article will discuss alternative dispute resolution in intellectual property disputes. A conceptual approach will be applied in an effort to better formulate the parties’ strategies towards litigation or alternative dispute resolution. Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) is a maturing area of the law, and its application to intellectual property disputes is complicated.1 These complications make any analysis difficult to organize. This article will discuss the underlying components of ADR and intellectual property disputes in a step-by-step fashion. Part I of this article discusses intellectual property rights and presents two conceptual interests underlying these rights. Deciding whether to litigate or pursue ADR demands a thorough understanding of what legal rights are in dispute. Part II focuses on the remedies available to intellectual property owners (potential liability to infringers) to effectively ascertain the “prize” of the dispute. Part III provides background information on various forms of ADR as well as the Alternative Dispute Resolution Act. This section will serve as guidance for later sections, primarily the proposal in Part V. Part IV analyzes the advantages/risks calculi for intellectual property owners and infringers in proceeding to trial or pursuing ADR. Part V presents a sophisticated proposal for dispute resolution in intellectual property disputes. Part VI discusses the effects of this proposal. The conceptual approach focusing on the parties’ underlying interests offers a pragmatic solution to the litigation/ADR dilemma. In this article, one crucial issue concerning intellectual property disputes emerges: the parties’ interests often align. With this realization, a system of ADR better serves the parties’ interests and creates tailored solutions to their complicated disputes

Implementation of an ADA95 Crosscompiler for the Real-Time Executive for Military Systems (RTEMS)

This thesis represents a continuation of the assessment of the Unified Telerobotics Architecture Project (UTAP), a proposed Air Force standard. This architecture was developed by the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory and the National Institute of Standards under contract to the Air Force Materiel Command Robotics and Automation Center of Excellence at Kelly AFB, Texas. Due to operating system constraints, the only UTAP implementation to date has required a separate software interface layer, adding complexity and overhead to the overall system, while reducing portability. This thesis proposes a long term effort to design and implement UTAP-compliant application software devoid of this interface layer. Because the Ada programming language offers increased portability, and other software engineering benefits, emphasis is placed on developing a run-time infrastructure that will allow UTAP applications to be written in Ada. The first several steps of building this infrastructure is performed, including implementation of an Ada cross-compiler and real-time operating system. Further UTAP research is recommended. The run-time infrastructure should be completed and UTAP application software developed using the Ada95 tasking model. Recommendations for UTAP specification improvements are also made

The Scholar Magician in English Renaissance Drama

In this paper, I will explore the rise and fall of the scholar magician or sorcerer, both as a popular dramatic subject and as an arc for individual characters, and the ways in which these figures tied into contemporary fears about the intersection of religion and developing scientific knowledge

Improving the Impact of Extension Through the Use of Anticipation Guides

In this article, we present the anticipation guide as a tool for preparing Extension audiences to learn the main points of Extension materials. Anticipation guides improve learner comprehension by appealing to an individual\u27s natural curiosity and helping the individual focus on key ideas. Anticipation guides can be used with all types of Extension materials and across all Extension programs. We describe how to create anticipation guides for use with Extension materials and explain how to use them effectively and easily. We also provide examples of anticipation guides based on various Extension topics

How Economists Read Economic Texts

Using a “think aloud” framework previously applied to history, this research leads the investigation in how economists read economics text to improve students’ abilities to meet standards calling for reading, thinking, writing, and speaking like practitioners. Economic education has the reputation for being a difficult subject to teach and learn which is evidenced by disappointing individual and national economic literacy outcomes. This research finds precision, close reading, sourcing, and re-reading to be important practices of economists, and begins to fill the gap in the disciplinary literacy and economic education literatures providing direction for research and disciplinary literacy tools for educators

The Suess effect in Fiji coral δ13C and its potential as a tracer of anthropogenic CO2 uptake

In the context of increasing anthropogenic CO2 emissions, determining the rate of oceanic CO2 uptake is of high interest. Centennial-scale changes in δ13C of the surface water dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) reservoir have been shown to be influenced by the carbon isotopic composition of atmospheric CO2. However, the availability of direct oceanic δ13C measurements is limited and methods for reconstructing past δ13C variability of the oceanic DIC are needed. Geochemical reconstructions of DIC variability can help in understanding how the ocean has reacted to historical changes in the carbon cycle. This study explores the potential of using temporal variations in δ13C measured in five Fijian Porites corals for reconstructing oceanic δ13C variability. A centennial-scale decreasing δ13C trend is observed in these Fiji corals. Other studies have linked similar decreasing δ13C trends to anthropogenic changes in the atmospheric carbon reservoir (the “13C Suess effect”). We conclude that solar irradiance is the factor influencing the δ13C cycle on a seasonal scale, however it is not responsible for the centennial-scale decreasing δ13C trend. In addition, variations in skeletal extension rate are not found to account for centennial-scale δ13C variability in these corals. Rather, we found that water depth at which a Fijian Porites colony calcifies influences both δ13C and extension rate mean values. The water depth-δ13C relationship induces a dampening effect on the centennial-scale decreasing δ13C trend. We removed this “water depth effect” from the δ13C composite, resulting in a truer representation of δ13C variability of the Fiji surface water DIC (δ13CFiji-DIC). The centennial-scale trend in this Fiji coral composite δ13CFiji-DIC time-series shares similarities with atmospheric δ13CCO2, implicating the 13C Suess effect as the source of the this coral δ13C trend. Additionally, our study finds that the δ13C variability between the atmosphere and the ocean in this region is not synchronous; the coral δ13C response is delayed by ~ 10 years. This agrees with the previously established model of isotopic disequilibrium between atmospheric δ13CCO2 and oceanic surface water DIC

Ethnic Differences in Therapy Outcome for Foster Youth

This study evaluates the impact of relationship-based therapy on a random sample of White and Black foster youth, as reported by semi-structured telephone interviews with their therapists at the start and end of treatment. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed a significant difference in reported school problems between Black and White foster youth over the course of treatment, F(1,37) = 7.336, p=0.010. Black foster youth had significantly greater school problems (M=3.21, SD=1.35) compared to White foster youth (M=2.05, SD=1.39) at the start of treatment. Although school problems significantly improved throughout treatment (F(1,37) = 9.531, p=0.004), Black foster youth still had significantly greater school problems (M=2.42, SD=1.09) at the end of treatment. Limitations of this study include a small sample size, potential bias of therapist informants, and lack of a comparison group. Future research should further examine ethnic differences in treatment outcomes among foster youth