Sustainable Forest Bioenergy Development Strategies in Indochina: Collaborative Effort to Establish Regional Policies

We conducted a feasibility study in Indochina (Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam) with the aim of promoting biomass and bioenergy markets, technology transfer, rural development, and income generation. Policy development is guided by the International Union of Forest Research Institutions (IUFRO) Task Force “Sustainable Forest Bioenergy Network”. In this paper, we highlight the achievements up to now and present results of a multi-stakeholder questionnaire in combination with a quantitative analysis of the National Bioenergy Development Plans (NBDPs). We found a gap between official documents and working group assessments. NBDPs are focused on the market development, technology transfer, and funding possibilities of a regional bioenergy strategy, while the respondents of a questionnaire (working groups) favored more altruistic goals, i.e., sustainable resource management, environmental protection and climate change mitigation, generation of rural income, and community involvement, etc. We therefore suggest the following measures to ensure regulations that support the original aims of the network (climate change mitigation, poverty alleviation, sustainable resource use, and diversification of energy generation): (i) Consideration of science-based evidence for drafting bioenergy policies, particularly in the field of biomass production and harvesting; (ii) invitation of stakeholders representing rural communities to participate in this process; (iii) development of sustainability criteria; (iv) feedback cycles ensuring more intensive discussion of policy drafts; (v) association of an international board of experts to provide scientifically sound feedback and input; and (vi) establishment of a local demonstration region, containing various steps in the biomass/bioenergy supply chain including transboundary collaboration in the ACMECS region

ACMECS Bioenergy 2015. Three Years of Effort Towards a Regional Bioenergy Network

Global change, including climate change, societal dynamics, economic challenges, environmental protection and the need to improve livelihoods and to reduce poverty have led to a situation where national solutions must be embedded in regional strategies. The ACMECS countries Lao PDR, Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam have a long tradition in collaboration across borders. Despite the cultural heterogeneity and different status of development, it can be a great advantage to address global challenges together. Biomass is seen as a promising resource for energy and industrial raw materials, but the challenge is that biomass production requires land and increased production can cause conflicts and environmental degradation. The increased demand for biomass in the recent years, coupled with the fact that the balance between domestic, regional and foreign demand for biomass is changing, requires careful attention. As a consequence of these developments, the Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute (KAPI) of the Kasetsart University, Thailand initiated a process to establish a regional bioenergy network. International experts, including members of the IUFRO Task Force "Sustainable Forest Biomass Network (SFBN)", have acknowledged the significant progress made over the last few years. This report is jointly published with the IUFRO Occasional Paper series, Vol. 31 (http://www.iufro.org/publications/series/occasional-papers/article/2016/04/20/occasional-paper-31-acmecs-bioenergy-2015-three-years-of-efforts-towards-a-regional-bioenergy-n/