Electrochemical processes and systems: application for tutors

The features of redox reactions and the principles of their balancing according to the medium composition are considered. The basic representations about electrochemical processes and systems are outlined. The reactions and principles of chemical sources of electric energy and electrolysis systems functioning are analyzed. A general idea is given about the chemical properties of metals, corrosion resistance in environments of various aggressiveness, and the protection principles are given. Multivariate tasks and exercises for students, and PhD student’s classroom and independent work are offered. For teachers, PhD students and students of universities of specialties "Chemical technologies and engineering", "Biotechnologies and bioengineering", "Oil and gas engineering and technologies".Розглянуто особливості окисно-відновних реакцій і принципи їх балансування залежно від складу середовища. Викладено фундаментальні уявлення про електрохімічні процеси і системи. Проаналізовано перебіг реакцій і принципи функціонування хімічних джерел електричної енергії та систем електролізу. Узагальнено уявлення щодо хімічних властивостей металів, корозійної стійкості у середовищах різної агресивності та наведено принципи організації захисту від руйнування. Запропоновано багатоваріантні завдання та вправи для аудиторної та самостійної роботи студентів і аспірантів. Розраховано на викладачів, аспірантів і студентів вищих навчальних закладів спеціальностей "Хімічні технології та інженерія”, "Біотехнології та біоінженерія", "Нафтогазова інженерія та технології"

Factors Affecting the Use of Impedance Spectroscopy in the Characterisation of the Freezing Stage of the Lyophilisation Process: the Impact of Liquid Fill Height in Relation to Electrode Geometry

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A survey on client-centered practice among danish occupational therapists

Background: In Denmark, the cost of healthcare services comprise 12% of the gross domestic product. A recommended method for optimizing effectiveness of and enhance client satisfaction with healthcare is client-centred practice (CCP), a central component of occupational therapy ideology. However, Danish occupational therapists’ perceptions of CCP, including the facilitators and barriers that may contribute to CCP, have never been examined. Aim: To examine Danish occupational therapists’ perceptions of CCP. Methods: A survey was conducted using an electronic questionnaire in a small, but representative sample of Danish occupational therapists from all regions and practices. Results: Three hundred and forty-six occupational therapists (5%) responded. Of these, 98% rated CCP as important, 97% considered their work client-centred, and 92% were satisfied with their level of CCP. Having time to conduct self-directed work, using assessments to identify clients’ priorities, and CCP education, but not fixed regimes, were positively correlated with CCP. Conclusion: Danish occupational therapists perceive to practice CCP and appear to have adopted the beliefs, theory and ideals of CCP, perhaps influenced by the egalitarian Danish culture. Self-directed work, means to identify and evaluate their clients’ wishes, and education facilitated CCP. Possible absence of occupational therapists not compliant with CCP makes further research warranted.</p