E-learning in Agricultural Engineering

W pracy scharakteryzowano metody nauczania z wykorzystaniem technik elektronicznych i przedstawiono możliwości zastosowania e-learningu na kierunkach studiów związanych z inżynierią rolniczą. Wykorzystano doświadczenia uzyskane podczas pracy nad projektem programu nauczania na odległość w ramach Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego.The paper features teaching methods aided with use of electronic techniques and presents possibilities for e-learning applied and included in university curriculum at agricultural engineering studies. Experience gathered within the framework of the European Social Fund during a remote educational program project was utilized here

The problems involved in the development and publishing of electronic educational materials

Celem pracy jest przedstawienie zasad przygotowania materiałów dydaktycznych wykorzystywanych w nauczaniu na odległość przedmiotu Technika Rolnicza. Poruszono problem praw autorskich, kompetencji nauczyciela i zasad rekompensaty nakładów pracy związanych z wdrażaniem e-learningu. Omawiane treści zostały zilustrowane przykładami z opracowanych materiałów elektronicznych do nauczania na odległość techniki rolniczej oraz w oparciu o doświadczenia w pracy dydaktycznej z wykorzystaniem platformy edukacyjnej konsorcjum pięciu uczelni lubelskich.The purpose of the work is to present the rules regarding preparation of teaching materials used during remote teaching of Agricultural Engineering. The authors raise the issue of copyrights, teacher's competence and the rules regarding compensation of labour expenditure for e-learning implementation. The discussed content was illustrated with examples from developed electronic materials for remote teaching of agricultural engineering, and on the grounds of experience gained during didactic work using educational platform of a consortium of five universities from Lublin

Wskaznik twardosci tkanki korzeni burakow cukrowych

Badano wskaźnik twardości tkanek korzeni buraków cukrowych metodą wtłaczania kulki. Wskaźnik twardości wykazywał wyraźną zmienność w zależności od rodzaju badanej tkanki, dawki nawozów azotowych, odmiany i warunków przechowywania, co świadczy o jego przydatności do oceny jakości technicznej korzeni.Paper presents the results of testing the hardness index in selected zones of sugar beet roots. The measurements were made using Kabid-Press kP 15012 laboratory hardness tester. Hardness index determines the relationship between testing load and spherical area of indenter ball impression. The hardness index value showed evident variance depending on examined tissue (phloem, parenchyma, peel), beet cultivar, storage conditions and applied nitrogen fertilization, what confirmed its usefulness to evaluating technological quality of sugar beet roots

Metoda wyznaczania wspolczynnika Poissona korzeni burakow cukrowych

Wykonano statyczną próbę ściskania w warunkach jednoosiowego i tróosiowego stanu naprężeń i zastosowano uogólnione prawo Hooka do obliczania współczynnika Poissona. Stwierdzono zmienność wsp. Poissona w zależności od przebiegu wiązek łykodrzewnych.In order to estimate the Poisson coefficient of a sugar beet root, a static compression test was performed on INSTRON machine. Transverse deformations of samples were measured with a micrometric screw and with an extensometer. The influence of root storage time, nitrogen fertilization level, and root spheres on changes of the value of the Poisson coefficient was investigated. In the next stage of the study, a static compression test was performed paralelly in conditions of uni- and triaxial stress state stresses (free samples and samples placed in cylinders). To calculate the Poisson coefficient, generated Hook's law was used. The results obtained are reasonable and dependent on the direction of phloem- xylem tissues in the root in relation to the direction of loading

Relaksacja naprezen w korzeniach burakow cukrowych

Wykonano badania relaksacji naprężeń w korzeniu buraka cukrowego i określono wpływ prędkości obciążania i sposobu zamocowania próbek na parametry mechaniczne standardowego modelu reologicznego.To meet the construction requirements for sugar beet harvesting and processing machines the knowledge of sugar beet mechanical properties is essential. For that reason stress relaxation of sugar beet root tissue was investigated on the Instron 1253 strength tester. Standard 3-parameter rheological model was applied to quantitative description of uniaxial compression phenomena. As a result of experiment an equation of stress relaxation curve was obtained and technical parameters, such as elastic relaxation modulus, modulus of elasticity, viscosity coefficient and time-constant, were calculated. For methodical reasons the effect loading rate and sample fixing on mechanical parameters were also determinated. Statistical analysis showed close agreement between experimental and theoretical results proved by low error of fitting the curves and high correlation coefficient

Model reologiczny tkanki korzenia buraka cukrowego

Badano przebiegi krzywych relaksacji naprężenia i pełzania tkanki korzenia buraków cukrowych. Użyto trzyparametrowego modelu reologicznego do opisu stanu tkanki w trakcie badań. Obliczono mechaniczne parametry modelu dla różnych stref korzeni.To determine mechanical properties of sugar beet root tissue the stress relaxation and creep phenomenon were investigated using universal Instrom 6022 apparatus. The experiment was performed for roots of PN Mono 1 variety, in 3 measuring zones of different location in the root and different wooden bundles arrangement. For mathematical description of these phenomena the equations of three-parameter, standard rheological model were applied and the model parameters were calculated by means of least square method. The mathematical parameters of beet root tissue are different in upper and lower part of root due to its untypical, diversified anatomical structure. Low matching error and high correlation coefficient testify to the significant consistence of experimental and theoretical results

Wytrzymałość mechaniczna korzeni buraków cukrowych

Wyznaczono granicę wytrzymałości biologicznej tkanki korzenia buraka na podstawie wartości naprężeń niszczących i energii pęknięcia. Obserwowano mikroskopem skaningowym rodzaj uszkodzeń tkanki.The resistance to compression is the feature of tissue which allows the evaluation of the root concerning its resistance to mechanical damage. The limit of biological resistance is determined by breaking stress and energy of fracture assigned by a static compression test. During the investigations these parameters were determined according to the measurement zones. The object of research was the roots PN Mono 1 variety. The lowest resistance to compression has been found in the lower part of the root, where the oldest strips of sieve and wood tissue bundles are predominant. The observation of damaged tissue of sugar beet roots was performed by using scanning microscope. The experiment allowed to determine the character of damage to the root tissue

Crop quality evaluation as an element of verification of the quality management system in sugar beet production

W trzech gospodarstwach wprowadzono elementy Systemu Zarządzania Jakością w produkcji buraków cukrowych. Określono skuteczność ciągłego doskonalenia procesu nawożenia poprzez ocenę zawartości sacharozy i melasotworów w korzeniach. W obu latach badań, zastosowane modyfikacje w nawożeniu pozwoliły uzyskać zwyżkę zawartości sacharozy i obniżyć zawartość melasotworów.Effects of implementing the quality management system in three sugar beet farms have been compared on the basis of a two-year survey. The content of sucrose and melassigenic substances in roots has been the measure of efficiency of the continuous fertilisation improvement process. In both years of the survey, modifications of fertilising contributed to an increase of the sucrose content and a substantial reduction of melassigenic substances content