Is Helicobacter pylori infection a risk factor for childhood periodic syndromes?

AbstractBackground and objectivesHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has been assumed to have roles in various extra-digestive diseases. The current study was designed to evaluate the incidence of H. pylori infection in patients with cyclic vomiting syndrome and its possible role in the etiology of this disease.Design and settingIn this case-control study, 120 cases with diagnoses of cyclic vomiting or abdominal migraine who were registered at the Gastroenterology Clinic at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences from 2010 to 2013 were enrolled.Materials and methodsPrimarily information regarding the patients' diseases were collected with a data gathering sheet, and fresh morning stool samples were collected from the patients and examined for H. pylori stool antigen with the H. pylori Ag EIA test kit. The results were compared with those of healthy children from the control group.ResultsA total of 120 patients with cyclic vomiting (47.5%) and abdominal migraine (52.5%) with a mean age of 7.1 ± 3.4 (range 2–16 years) and a male-to-female ratio of 1.6 were included. The HPs Ag tests were positive in only 7 (5.8%) patients in our case group, and the HPs Ag tests were positive in 13 (13%) of the children in the control group; this difference was statistically insignificant.ConclusionOur study did not support H. pylori infection as an etiological factor in CV or AM

Synthesis of New Bio-Based Solid Polymer Electrolyte Polyurethane-Liclo4 via Prepolymerization Method: Effect of NCO/OH Ratio on Their Chemical, Thermal Properties and Ionic Conductivity

Novel bio-based polymer electrolyte was synthesized with LiClO4 as the main source of charge carrier. Initially, polyurethane-LiClO4 polymer electrolytes were synthesized via polymerization method with different NCO/OH ratios and labelled as PU1, PU2, PU3, and PU4. Subsequently, the chemical, thermal properties and ionic conductivity of the films produced were determined. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis indicates the co-ordination between Li+ ion and polyurethane in PU1 due to the greatest amount of hard segment of polyurethane in PU1 as proven by soxhlet analysis. The structures of polyurethanes were confirmed by 13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C NMR) and FTIR spectroscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis indicates PU 1 has the highest glass transition temperature (Tg) corresponds to the most abundant urethane group which is the hard segment in PU1. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the PU-LiClO4 shows the good miscibility between lithium salt and the polymer. The study found that PU1 possessed the greatest ionic conductivity (1.19 × 10-7 S.cm-1 at 298 K and 5.01 × 10-5 S.cm-1 at 373 K) and the lowest activation energy, Ea (0.32 eV) due to the greatest amount of hard segment formed in PU 1 induces the coordination between lithium ion and oxygen atom of carbonyl group in polyurethane. All the polyurethanes exhibited linear Arrhenius variations indicating ion transport via simple lithium ion hopping in polyurethane. This research proves the NCO content in polyurethane plays an important role in affecting the ionic conductivity of this polymer electrolyte

Synthesis of New Bio-Based Solid Polymer Electrolyte Polyurethane-Liclo4 via Prepolymerization Method: Effect of NCO/OH Ratio on Their Chemical, Thermal Properties and Ionic Conductivity

Novel bio-based polymer electrolyte was synthesized with LiClO4 as the main source of charge carrier. Initially, polyurethane-LiClO4 polymer electrolytes were synthesized via polymerization method with different NCO/OH ratios and labelled as PU1, PU2, PU3, and PU4. Subsequently, the chemical, thermal properties and ionic conductivity of the films produced were determined. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis indicates the co-ordination between Li+ ion and polyurethane in PU1 due to the greatest amount of hard segment of polyurethane in PU1 as proven by soxhlet analysis. The structures of polyurethanes were confirmed by 13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C NMR) and FTIR spectroscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis indicates PU 1 has the highest glass transition temperature (Tg) corresponds to the most abundant urethane group which is the hard segment in PU1. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the PU-LiClO4 shows the good miscibility between lithium salt and the polymer. The study found that PU1 possessed the greatest ionic conductivity (1.19 × 10-7 S.cm-1 at 298 K and 5.01 × 10-5 S.cm-1 at 373 K) and the lowest activation energy, Ea (0.32 eV) due to the greatest amount of hard segment formed in PU 1 induces the coordination between lithium ion and oxygen atom of carbonyl group in polyurethane. All the polyurethanes exhibited linear Arrhenius variations indicating ion transport via simple lithium ion hopping in polyurethane. This research proves the NCO content in polyurethane plays an important role in affecting the ionic conductivity of this polymer electrolyte

Investigation of the effects of B16F10 derived exosomes in induction of immunosuppressive phenotype in the hematopoietic stem cells

Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the effects of melanoma-derived exosomes on modulating the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) towards immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Materials and Methods: Exosomes were isolated via ultracentrifugation from conditioned media of the B16F10 murine melanoma cell line after adaptation to exosome-free culture conditions. HSCs were extracted from the bone marrow of adult C57BL/6 mice through density gradient separation and MACS column isolation of CD133+ and CD34+ populations. HSCs were cultured with or without B16F10 exosomes for 24 hours. Flow cytometry analyzed the expression of canonical MDSC surface markers CD11b, Ly6G, and Ly6C. Levels of the immunosuppressive cytokines interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor beta (TGF-β) in HSC culture supernatants were quantified by ELISA. Results: Compared to untreated controls, HSCs treated with B16F10 exosomes displayed significantly increased percentages of CD11b+Ly6G+ granulocytic MDSCs and CD11b+Ly6C+ monocytic MDSCs, with a notable predominance of the Ly6G+ granulocytic subtype. Additionally, exosome-treated HSCs secreted markedly higher levels of the cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β, which are involved in MDSC-mediated immunosuppression. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that melanoma-derived exosomes can orchestrate the differentiation of HSCs into MDSCs with an immunosuppressive phenotype, as evidenced by the upregulation of MDSC surface markers and secreted cytokines. This supports a role for tumor-derived exosomes in driving the systemic expansion and accumulation of immunosuppressive MDSCs through the reprogramming of HSC fate. Elucidating the exosome contents and HSC signaling pathways involved could reveal therapeutic strategies to block this pathway and enhance anti-tumor immunity

Билиарная реконструкция при трансплантации печени у детей весом до 15 кг; сравнение методов «проток в проток» и гепатикоеюностомии на петле по Ру

Back ground. Liver transplantation is an effective treatment for acute or chronic liver failure and metabolic liver disease, which is associated with good quality of life in over 80 percent of recipients. We aimed to evaluate outcome of duct-to-duct vs. Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy biliary anastomoses in pediatric liver transplant recipients below 15-kg.Methods. In this single-center retrospective study, all children less than 15 kg that have undergone liver transplantation at Nemazee Hospital Organ Transplant Center affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences from 2009 till 2019, were enrolled. Over a 10-yr period, 181 liver transplants were performed in patients with two techniques including duct-to-duct (Group 1) vs. Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy biliary anastomoses (Group 2). All data was collected from patients’ medical records, operative notes, and post-transplant follow up notes. Data was analyzed by SPSS software V21.Results. Overall, 94 patients had duct to duct anastomosis (group 1) and 87 cases had Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy (group 2). The mean age of the patients was 2.46 ± 1.5. The most common underlying diseases was biliary atresia (32%). The most prevalent complication after the surgery was infection in both groups. cardiopulmonary problems were significantly higher in group 2 (24.1% vs 4.3%) (p < 0.001). The rate of infection was significantly higher in group 2, as well.Conclusion. Our study showed a relatively high rate of post-operative infection which was the most among patients who had undergone Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy. Except from biliary complications which were mostly observed in DD group, other complications were more common among Roux-en-Y group.Трансплантация печени – эффективный способ лечения острой и хронической печеночной недостаточности и метаболических заболеваний печени, позволяющий обеспечить хорошее качество жизни более чем 80% реципиентов. Мы поставили задачу оценить результаты использования методов «проток в проток» и гепатикоеюностомии на петле по Ру при трансплантации печени детям весом менее 15 кг.Материалы и методы. В это одноцентровое ретроспективное исследование включали детей массой менее 15 кг, которым была проведена трансплантация печени в Центре трансплантации органов больницы при Ширазском университете медицинских наук с 2009-го по 2019 г. За 10 лет пациентам была проведена 181 трансплантация с билиарной реконструкцией методом «проток в проток» (группа 1) и гепатикоеюностомией на петле кишечника, выключенной по Ру (группа 2). Все данные получены из медицинских записей пациентов, протоколов операций и данных послеоперационного наблюдения. Для анализа использовали программное обеспечение SPSS-V21.Результаты исследования. Из всех пациентов 94 больным проведена реконструкция желчевыводящих путей методом «проток в проток» (группа 1), в 87 случаях проводили гепатикоеюностомию на петле по Ру (группа 2). Средний возраст пациентов составил 2,46 ± 1,5 года. Наиболее часто показанием к операции являлась атрезия желчевыводящих путей (32%). Самым частым осложнением после хирургического вмешательства в обеих группах была инфекция. Осложнения со стороны сердечно-легочной системы значительно чаще наблюдались в группе 2 (24,1% против 4,3%) (p < 0,001). Инфекционные осложнения также значительно чаще отмечены в группе 2. Заключение. В нашем исследовании выявлена достаточно высокая частота послеоперационных инфекционных осложнений, которые встречались чаще у пациентов, которым проводили гепатикоеюностомию на петле по Ру. За исключением осложнений со стороны желчевыводящих путей, которые в основном наблюдались в группе «проток в проток», другие осложнения чаще встречались в группе гепатикоеюноанастомоза на петле по Ру