8 research outputs found
Apparent extinction of non-G2 rotavirus strains from circulation in Recife, Brazil, after the introduction of rotavirus vaccine
The introduction of a G1P[8] rotavirus vaccine in Recife, Brazil, caused a decrease in rotavirus detection from 27% (March-May, 2006) to 5.0% (March-May, 2007), with all strains becoming G2, against which less protection had been predicted
Norovirus GII.17 Predominates in Selected Surface Water Sources in Kenya
In this study, the prevalence and genotypes of
noroviruses (NoVs) in selected water sources from rural,
urban and refugee settings in Kenya were investigated. Ten
litres each of river, household and borehole water was
collected in rural (Mboone River), urban (Nairobi and
Mutoine River) and refugee (Dadaab refugee camp) settings.
NoVs were recovered from the water samples by a
glass wool adsorption–elution technique and/or PEG/NaCl
precipitation. Nucleic acid was extracted using the automated
MagNA Pure platform. NoVs were detected with
singleplex real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain
reaction assays and characterised by nucleotide sequence
analysis. NoVs were detected in 63 % (25/40) of the
selected water samples comprising GII (42.5 %), GI
(2.5 %) and mixed GI/GII (17.5 %) positive samples. The
prevalence of NoVs in the Mutoine River (urban area) was
higher than in the Mboone River (rural area) (P = 0.0013).
Noroviruses GI.1, GI.3, GI.9, GII.4, GII.6, GII.12, GII.16
and GII.17 were identified, with GII.17 accounting for
76 % (16/21) of the typed strains. The NoV GII.17 predominance
differs to other studies in Africa and further
surveillance of NoVs in clinical and environmental settings
is required to clarify/elucidate this observation. As information
regarding NoVs in Kenyan water sources is limited
this report provides valuable new data on NoV genotypes circulating in environmental water sources and the surrounding
communities in Kenya.The National Research Foundation, South Africa and the National Council
for Science and Technology, Kenya: South Africa/Kenya Research
Programme.http://link.springer.com/journal/12560hb2017Medical Virolog
Proceedings of First Conference for Engineering Sciences and Technology: Vol. 2
This volume contains contributed articles of Track 4, Track 5 & Track 6, presented in the conference CEST-2018, organized by Faculty of Engineering Garaboulli, and Faculty of Engineering, Al-khoms, Elmergib University (Libya) on 25-27 September 2018.
Track 4: Industrial, Structural Technologies and Science Material
Track 5: Engineering Systems and Sustainable Development
Track 6: Engineering Management
Other articles of Track 1, 2 & 3 have been published in volume 1 of the proceedings at this lin