Social Cognition and Democracy: The Relationship Between System Justification, Just World Beliefs, Authoritarianism, Need for Closure, and Need for Cognition in Hungary

This research was aimed at examining just-world beliefs, system justification, authoritarianism, and cognitive style in a nationally representative sample (N = 1000) in Hungary, and at relating these phenomena to various demographic and political variables to find out whether the findings in Hungary would differ from its Western counterparts. According to system justification theory, there is a psychological motive to defend and justify the status quo. This theory has been tested several times in North American and Western European samples. The core finding of our study was that Hungarian people, unlike people in Western democracies, did not justify the existing establishment. There was strong pessimism with regard to the idea that the system serves the interests of the people. Members of disadvantaged groups (people with low economic income and/or far right political preference) strongly rejected the system. System justification beliefs were moderately related to just world beliefs, and there was a significant relationship between some aspects of need for closure (need for order, discomfort with ambiguity, and closed-mindedness) and authoritarian beliefs. Need for cognition was only related to one aspect of need for closure: closed-mindedness. The voters of right-wing parties did not display higher levels of authoritarianism than the voters of the left social-democrat party. The role of demographic and political variables, limitations, and possible developments of this research are discussed

Comparative solution equilibrium studies on pentamethylcyclopentadienyl rhodium complexes of 2,2'-bipyridine and ethylenediamine and their interaction with human serum albumin

Complex formation equilibri um processes of the (N,N) donor containing 2,2' - bipyridine (bpy) and ethylenediamine (en) with (η 5 - pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) rhodium(III) were investigated in aqueous solution via pH - potentiome try, 1 H NMR spectroscopy, and UV – Vis spectrophotometry in the absence and presence of chloride ions . The structure of [RhCp*(en)Cl]ClO 4 (Cp* , pentamethylcyclopentadienyl ) was also studied b y single - crystal X - ray diffraction. p K a values of 8.56 and 9.58 we re determined for [RhCp*(bpy)(H 2 O)] 2+ and [RhCp*(en)(H 2 O)] 2+ , respectively resulting in the formation of negligible amount of mixed hydroxido complexes at pH 7.4 . Stability and the H 2 O/Cl ‒ co - ligand exchange constants of bpy and en complexes considerably exceed those of the bidentate O - donor deferiprone. The strong affinity of the bpy and en complexes to chloride ions most probably contribute s to their low antiproliferative effect. Interac tion s between human serum albumin (HSA) and [ RhCp* (H 2 O) 3 ] 2+ , its complexes formed with deferiprone, bpy and en were also monitored by 1 H NMR spectroscopy, ultrafiltration/ UV - Vis and spectrofluorometry. Numerous binding sites ( ≥ 8 ) are available for [RhCp* (H 2 O) 3 ] 2+ ; and the interaction takes place most probably via covalent bonds through the imidazole nitrogen of His . According to the various fluorescen ce studies [RhCp* (H 2 O) 3 ] 2+ binds on sites I and II , and coordination of surface side chain donor atoms of th e protein is also feasible. The binding of the bpy and en complex is weaker and slower compared to that of [RhCp* (H 2 O) 3 ] 2+ , and formation of ternary HSA - RhCp* - ligand adducts was proved. I n the case of the deferiprone complex , the RhCp* fragment is cleaved off when HSA is loaded with low equivalents of the comp ound

An 8-hydroxyquinoline–proline hybrid with multidrug resistance reversal activity and the solution chemistry of its half-sandwich organometallic Ru and Rh complexes

Herein the design and synthesis of a new 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative, (S)-5-chloro-7-((proline-1-yl)methyl)8-hydroxyquinoline (HQCl-Pro), with good water solubility and multidrug resistance reversal activity are reported. In this work the proton dissociation processes of HQCl-Pro and its complex formation with [Rh(η5-C5Me5)(H2O)3]2+, [Ru(η6-p-cymene)(H2O)3]2+and [Ru(η6-toluene)(H2O)3]2+were investigated by the combined use of pH-potentiometry, UV-visible spectrometry and1H NMR spectroscopy. Our results revealed the prominent solution stability of the complexes in all cases. The lipophilicity of the complexes increased with the chloride ion concentration, and the complexes showed moderate log Dvalues (−0.8 to +0.4) at pH 7.4 at all tested Cl−concentrations. The formation of mixed hydroxido complexes from the aqua complexes was characterized by relatively high pKavalues (8.45-9.62 in chloride-free medium). Complexation processes are much slower with the Ru(η6-arene) triaqua cations than with [Rh(η5-C5Me5)(H2O)3]2+. Both the pKavalues and H2O/Cl−exchange constants of the Ru-complexes are lower by 0.5-1.0 orders of magnitude than those of the Rh analogue. Arene loss (p-cymene and toluene) and oxidation were found in the case of Ru-complexes when an excess of HQCl-Pro and aromatic (N,N) bidentate ligands was added. The cytotoxicity and antiproliferative effect of HQCl-Pro and its complexes were assayedin vitro. In contrast to the structurally familiar 8-hydroxyquinoline, HQCl-Pro and its Rh(η5-C5Me5) complex were somewhat more effective against drug resistant Colo 320 adenocarcinoma human cells compared to the drug sensitive Colo 205 cells. The Ru- and Rh-complexes showed a similar metal uptake level after 4 h, while a longer incubation time resulted in higher cellular Rh concentration

Anticancer 8-hydroxyquinoline-amino acid hybrids and their half-sandwich Ru and Rh complexes : solution chemistry and interaction with biomolecules

Development of novel chemotherapeutic agents aims to obtain more effective and selective compounds. Platinum(II)-containing chemotherapeutics have been widely used for decades in cancer therapy against solid tumors due to their effectiveness; although, their use is accompanied by drawbacks such the serious side-effects and resistance [1]. To overcome these problems, efforts have been made to find better alternatives such as the complexes of other platinum metals. 8-hydroxyquinolines and their metal complexes are widely investigated due to their anticancer properties [2,3]; however, they often have limited water solubility. In this work two novel water-soluble 8-hydroxyquinoline-D-amino acid hybrids, [(R)-1-((5-chloro-8- hydroxyquinolin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (8HQCl-D-Pro) and its homologue 8HQCl-D-hPro (Chart 1), and their [Ru(η6 -p-cymene)(H2O)3] 2+ and [Rh(η5 -C5Me5)(H2O)3] 2+ complexes were developed

Supplementary data for article: Mészáros, J. P.; Geisler, H.; Poljarević, J. M.; Roller, A.; Legina, M. S.; Hejl, M.; Jakupec, M. A.; Keppler, B. K.; Kandioller, W.; Enyedy, É. A. Naphthoquinones of Natural Origin: Aqueous Chemistry and Coordination to Half-Sandwich Organometallic Cations. Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 2020, 907. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2019.121070

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2019.121070]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3804

Supplementary data for article: Mészáros, J. P.; Geisler, H.; Poljarević, J. M.; Roller, A.; Legina, M. S.; Hejl, M.; Jakupec, M. A.; Keppler, B. K.; Kandioller, W.; Enyedy, É. A. Naphthoquinones of Natural Origin: Aqueous Chemistry and Coordination to Half-Sandwich Organometallic Cations. Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 2020, 907. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2019.121070

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2019.121070]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3804

Nest desertion is not predicted by cuckoldry in the Eurasian penduline tit

Engagement in extra-pair copulations is an example of the abundant conflicting interests between males and females over reproduction. Potential benefits for females and the risk of cuckoldry for males are expected to have important implications on the evolution of parental care. However, whether parents adjust parental care in response to parentage remains unclear. In Eurasian penduline tits Remiz pendulinus, which are small polygamous songbirds, parental care is carried out either by the male or by the female. In addition, one third of clutches is deserted by both male and female. Desertion takes place during the egg-laying phase. Using genotypes of nine microsatellite loci of 443 offspring and 211 adults, we test whether extra-pair paternity predicts parental care. We expect males to be more likely to desert cuckolded broods, whereas we expect females, if they obtain benefits from having multiple sires, to be more likely to care for broods with multiple paternity. Our results suggest that parental care is not adjusted to parentage on an ecological timescale. Furthermore, we found that male attractiveness does not predict cuckoldry, and we found no evidence for indirect benefits for females (i.e., increased growth rates or heterozygosity of extra-pair offspring). We argue that male Eurasian penduline tits may not be able to assess the risk of cuckoldry; thus, a direct association with parental care is unlikely to evolve. However, timing of desertion (i.e., when to desert during the egg-laying phase) may be influenced by the risk of cuckoldry. Future work applying extensive gene sequencing and quantitative genetics is likely to further our understanding of how selection may influence the association between parentage and parental care