REPRESENTACIONES SOCIALES DEL EMBARAZO EN ADOLESCENTES DE SANTA CRUZ CUAUHTENCO

El embarazo en la adolescencia es aquel que ocurre en mujeres menores de 20 años. A nivel mundial, cada año nacen 15 millones de niños de mujeres menores de 20 años, lo que representa la quinta parte de todos los nacimientos anuales registrados. De ellos, aproximadamente el 60% no son planeados.La adolescencia es una etapa en la que convergen muchos cambios y reestructuraciones de la personalidad, integrada por las características físicas, emotivas, sexuales y mentales, expuestas a configuraciones naturales, culturales, religiosas, políticas, familiares y sociales; por ello es muy difícil establecer indicadores estadísticos precisos y delimitados para caracterizarlos y/o definirlos

Retos y desafíos de las redes de investigación

El presente artículo tiene como finalidad analizar los comportamientos de las redes sociales, ya que cada vez es más común que la sociedad las utilice para intercambiar, negociar y difundir información por diferentes motivos. Dentro de éste ámbito las redes de investigación, juegan un papel de gran importancia, ya que tiene como prioridad comunicar y divulgar el conocimiento científico, tratando que llegue a una gran cantidad de lectores, para lo cual la red es un elemento imprescindible. Una red de aprendizaje parte del principio que todos vivimos en sociedad y aprendemos con base a interacciones, gracias a las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación y la conectividad, estas interacciones también se dan en el ciberespacio donde las comunidades negocian significados construidos por el grupo social. Una red de aprendizaje tiene un gran valor, en primer lugar porque en ella todos pueden ser enseñantes o aprendices y seguir comunicando los aprendizajes o informaciones entre otros grupos sociales, lo que hace que las redes tomen mayor poder, ya que un mensaje se potencia con los reenvíos y así la organización tiene la posibilidad de crecer y reconfigurar su extensión y funcionalidad. En este sentido se puede analizar el comportamiento de la red a partir de la Ley de Metcalf, que establece que el valor de una red de comunicación se incrementa en la medida que sus usuarios se incrementan, ya que la relación entre el valor de la red y el número de usuarios es exponencia

Mineralization enhancement of a recalcitrant pharmaceutical pollutant in water by advanced oxidation hybrid processes

ABSTRACT: Degradation of the biorecalcitrant pharmaceutical micropollutant ibuprofen (IBP) was carried out by means of several advanced oxidation hybrid configurations. TiO2 photocatalysis, photo-Fenton and sonolysis – all of them under solar simulated illumination – were tested in the hybrid systems: sonophoto-Fenton (FS), sonophotocatalysis (TS) and TiO2/Fe2+/sonolysis (TFS). In the case of the sonophoto-Fenton process, the IBP degradation (95%) and mineralization (60%) were attained with photo-Fenton (FH). The presence of ultrasonic irradiation slightly improves the iron catalytic activity. On the other hand, total removal of IBP and elimination of more than 50% of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were observed by photocatalysis with TiO2 in the presence of ultrasound irradiation (TS). In contrast only 26% of mineralization was observed by photocatalysis with H2O2 (TH) in the absence of ultrasound irradiation. Additional results showed that, in the TFS system, 92% of DOC removal and complete degradation of IBP were obtained within 240 min of treatment. The advanced oxidation hybrid systems seems to be a promising alternative for full elimination/mineralization for the recalcitrant micro-contaminant IBP

First-Row Transition 7-Oxo-5-phenyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine Metal Complexes: Antiparasitic Activity and Release Studies

We are thankful for the funding from the research project RTI2018-094322-B-I00, financed by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/; “ERDF A way of making Europe”; and the Research Thematic Network RED2022-134091-T, financed by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. Á.M.-M. is grateful to the European Union and Junta de Andalucía for a post-doc grant (Ayuda a la contratación de personal investigador doctor).Supplementary Materials: The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/ph16101380/s1Leishmaniasis and Chagas disease are still considered neglected illnesses due to the lack of investment in research, despite the fact that almost one million new cases are reported every year. Four 7-oxo-5-phenyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (HftpO) first-row transition complexes (Cu, Co, Ni, Zn) have been studied for the first time in vitro against five different species of Leishmania spp. (L. infantum, L. braziliensis, L. donovani, L. peruviana and L. mexicana) as well as Trypanosoma cruzi, showing higher efficacy than the reference commercial drugs. UV and luminescence properties were also evaluated. As a proof of concept, anchoring of a model high-effective-metal complex as an antiparasitic agent on silica nanoparticles was carried out for the first time, and drug-release behaviour was evaluated, assessing this new approach for drug vehiculation.MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ RTI2018-094322-B-I00, RED2022-134091-TERDF A way of making EuropeEuropean UnionJunta de Andalucí

Embedded diagnostic of conveyor belts actuated by induction motors

Frequently, companies with conveyor belts face problems to keep them working as expected. Currently, there are many automatic conveyor failure diagnostic techniques but most of them require complex instrumentation schemes or algorithms. This paper presents a fault diagnostic scheme for conveyor belts actuated by an induction motor. The main features of the solution include the embedded system implementation, the use of a simple and effective algorithm, and a low cost instrumentation. The system retrieves information from a current sensor located in the voltage line of the motor. A series of experiments with different states of the conveyor belt, were performed. Using this data, an algorithm based on statistical indices that detects irregular behaviors, was designed and developed. This proposal is the starting point for a future solution that detects irregularities in the conveyor belt behavior more accurately considering other variables of the system. Also, voltage, speed, and acceleration signals from the induction motor were acquired to characterize the behavior of the conveyor belt. Unfortunately, speed and acceleration signals were not accurate enough to detect any relevant change, this could be due to the low operation speed of the conveyor belt. Perhaps, in a faster conveyor this data can be helpful. Voltage analysis will be considered in future work for environments where supply voltage is not constant

Organotin(IV)-Decorated Graphene Quantum Dots as Dual Platform for Molecular Imaging and Treatment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer

[ Abstract] The pharmacological activity of organotin(IV) complexes in cancer therapy is well recognized but their large applicability is hampered by their poor water solubility. Hence, carbon dots, in particular nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs), may be a promising alternative for the efficient delivery of organotin(IV) compounds as they have a substantial aqueous solubility, a good chemical stability, and non-toxicity as well as a bright photoluminescence that make them ideal for theranostic applications against cancer. Two different multifunctional nanosystems have been synthesized and fully characterized based on two fragments of organotin-based cytotoxic compounds and 4-formylbenzoic acid (FBA), covalently grafted onto the NGQDs surface. Subsequently, an in vitro determination of the therapeutic and theranostic potential of the achieved multifunctional systems was carried out. The results showed a high cytotoxic potential of the NGQDs-FBA-Sn materials against breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) and a lower effect on a non-cancer cell line (kidney cells, HEK293T). Besides, thanks to their optical properties, the dots enabled their fluorescence molecular imaging in the cytoplasmatic region of the cells pointing towards a successful cellular uptake and a release of the metallodrug inside cancer cells (NGQDs-FBA-Sn).This work was supported by Operational Program Research, Development, and Education-Project ‘MSCAfellow4@MUNI’ (No. CZ.02.2.69/0.0/0.0/20_079/0017045) and the Spanish Ministry of Universities for a Maria Zambrano funding (RSU.UDC.MZ09 [RSU.UDC.MZ11]) transferred by the European Union-Next Generation EU. We acknowledge CzechNanoLab Research Infrastructure (LM2018110), supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (MEYS CR). We are grateful to Prof. Vladimír Šindelář and Prof. Petr Klan for allowing us to use the MW reactor, UV-vis and fluorescence spectrometer, supported by RECETOX research infrastructure (via MEYS CR under LM2018121). M.F. is grateful to Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) for project No DTS20/00109 (AES20-ISCIII) and PI22/00789 (AES22-ISCIII). M.F. and K.O.P. acknowledge the support of Microscopy & Dynamic Imaging Unit of CNIC, Madrid, Spain. The Unit is part of the ReDiB-ICTS and has the support of FEDER, “Una manera de hacer Europa.” The CNIC is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN) and the Pro CNIC Foundation, and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (grant CEX2020-001041-S funded by MICIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033). We would also like to thank funding from the research project PID2022-136417NB-I00 financed by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ and “ERDF A way of making Europe”, and from the Research Thematic Network RED2022-134091-T financed by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033.Česká republika. Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy České republiky; LM2018110Česká republika. RECETOX; LM201812

Identification of individual and few layers of WS2 using Raman Spectroscopy

"The Raman scattering of single-and few-layered WS2 is studied as a function of the number of S-W-S layers and the excitation wavelength in the visible range (488, 514 and 647 nm). For the three excitation wavelengths used in this study, the frequency of the A(1g)(C) phonon mode monotonically decreases with the number of layers. For single-layer WS2, the 514.5 nm laser excitation generates a second-order Raman resonance involving the longitudinal acoustic mode (LA(M)). This resonance results from a coupling between the electronic band structure and lattice vibrations. First-principles calculations were used to determine the electronic and phonon band structures of single-layer and bulk WS2. The reduced intensity of the 2LA mode was then computed, as a function of the laser wavelength, from the fourth-order Fermi golden rule. Our observations establish an unambiguous and nondestructive Raman fingerprint for identifying single-and few-layered WS2 films.

Historias que emocionan: grabación, creación y edición sonora como experiencia colaborativa en la Universidad

Este proyecto, que forma parte de la red colaborativa UniTICarte, surge de la necesidad de vincular los procesos educativos con la sociedad en la que se insertan. Se parte de la investigación biográfico-narrativa y, concretamente, de los microrrelatos autobiográficos. Este planteamiento inicial da lugar a la creación musical y sonora a partir de una escucha atenta de las citadas historias de vida y al reconocimiento e identificación de las emociones que surjan, contribuyendo, a su vez, al desarrollo educativo-emocional. La propuesta educativa interuniversitaria se lleva a cabo con estudiantes del Grado de Maestro. Mediante prácticas fonográficas se crea un amplio repositorio de experiencias vitales en las que estén representadas todas las franjas etarias de la ciudadanía. El proyecto en su globalidad tiene un impacto importante en sus dimensiones social, emocional y educativa, con resultados de participación significativos.

Stories that move : sound recording, creation and edition as a collaborative experience in the University

RESUMEN: Este proyecto, que forma parte de la red colaborativa UniTICarte, surge de la necesidad de vincular los procesos educativos con la sociedad en la que se insertan. Se parte de la investigación biográfico-narrativa y, concretamente, de los microrrelatos autobiográficos. Este planteamiento inicial da lugar a la creación musical y sonora a partir de una escucha atenta de las citadas historias de vida y al reconocimiento e identificación de las emociones que surjan, contribuyendo, a su vez, al desarrollo educativo-emocional. La propuesta educativa interuniversitaria se lleva a cabo con estudiantes del Grado de Maestro. Mediante prácticas fonográficas se crea un amplio repositorio de experiencias vitales en las que estén representadas todas las franjas etarias de la ciudadanía. El proyecto en su globalidad tiene un impacto importante en sus dimensiones social, emocional y educativa, con resultados de participación significativos.ABSTRACT: This project is part of the collaborative network UniTICarte. It arises from the need to connect the educational process within the society in which they are inserted. It is part of the biographical-narrative research; that is specifically, autobiographical micro-stories. This initial approach results in musical and sound creations from an attentive listening of those life stories and the recognition and identification of emotions that arise. The project contributes to the emotional development. The inter-university educational proposal is carried out with teacher training students. An extensive repository of vital experiences, in which all the age groups of citizenship are included, is created through phonographic practices. The overall project has an important impact on its social, emotional and educational dimensions. It obtained significant results for the participants

Análisis de la cultura tributaria: impuesto a la renta para personas naturales no obligadas a llevar contabilidad, provincia de Santa Elena

El presente artículo determina la realidad situacional de contribuyentes respecto a sus conocimientos tributarios además analiza en función de la problemática y los resultados, la propuesta para el fortalecimiento de la cultura tributaria para entes pertenecientes a la economía popular y solidaria, personas naturales no obligadas a llevar contabilidad de la Provincia de Santa Elena. La investigación se realizó como parte de los proyectos de vinculación con la colectividad de la Carrera de Contabilidad y Auditoría (CPA) en la Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena (UPSE), con el objetivo de determinar el nivel de cultura tributaria de los Comerciantes de la provincia de Santa Elena. Se concluye que existe una deficiente cultura tributaria identificada, a través del bajo registro en los sistemas tributarios de recaudación como el Registro Único de Contribuyentes (RUC), Régimen General y el Régimen Impositivo Simplificado Ecuatoriano (RISE), debido al desinterés y desconocimiento de las obligaciones fiscales o beneficios que ofrece la Administración Tributaria. Por lo tanto, se considera importante la creación de un Núcleo de Apoyo Contable Fiscal (NAF) que brinde el acompañamiento a los contribuyentes con actividades comerciales o productivas y sirva de escenario para la práctica contable tributaria de los estudiantes de CPA