498 research outputs found

    L’État devrait-il ĂȘtre avec vous dans le bureau du mĂ©decin ? RĂ©flexion sur les tensions possibles entre les droits de la personne et la lutte contre les maladies chroniques

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    Le diabĂšte de type 2, l'obĂ©sitĂ©, les maladies cardiovasculaires et le cancer sont des maladies, dites chroniques, qui figurent parmi les plus frĂ©quentes dans le monde actuellement1. Les maladies chroniques s'entendent de maladies de longue durĂ©e, gĂ©nĂ©ralement non transmissibles et incurables2. Elles ont ceci de particulier que leurs principaux facteurs de risque sont liĂ©s Ă  des habitudes de vie malsaines adoptĂ©es par les individus, telles qu'une alimentation trop riche en sucre, en gras et en sel, la sĂ©dentaritĂ© et le tabagisme3. Il n'est pas Ă©tonnant de constater, dans les États occidentaux du moins, l'explosion des mesures de santĂ© publique qui visent Ă  influencer les choix quotidiens les plus personnels des citoyens en vue de lutter contre le flĂ©au des maladies chroniques. L'actualitĂ© regorge de lois ou de projets de loi visant Ă  interdire le tabagisme dans les endroits publics, Ă  interdire la vente de produits contenant un certain pourcentage de gras transformĂ©s, Ă  interdire la malbouffe dans les Ă©coles, Ă  taxer la malbouffe ou encore Ă  encadrer la publicitĂ© pour les produits sucrĂ©s et gras faite aux enfants, ainsi que de programmes de sensibilisation Ă  une saine alimentation et Ă  l'exercice physique

    VANET Applications: Hot Use Cases

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    Current challenges of car manufacturers are to make roads safe, to achieve free flowing traffic with few congestions, and to reduce pollution by an effective fuel use. To reach these goals, many improvements are performed in-car, but more and more approaches rely on connected cars with communication capabilities between cars, with an infrastructure, or with IoT devices. Monitoring and coordinating vehicles allow then to compute intelligent ways of transportation. Connected cars have introduced a new way of thinking cars - not only as a mean for a driver to go from A to B, but as smart cars - a user extension like the smartphone today. In this report, we introduce concepts and specific vocabulary in order to classify current innovations or ideas on the emerging topic of smart car. We present a graphical categorization showing this evolution in function of the societal evolution. Different perspectives are adopted: a vehicle-centric view, a vehicle-network view, and a user-centric view; described by simple and complex use-cases and illustrated by a list of emerging and current projects from the academic and industrial worlds. We identified an empty space in innovation between the user and his car: paradoxically even if they are both in interaction, they are separated through different application uses. Future challenge is to interlace social concerns of the user within an intelligent and efficient driving

    Savoir comment faire pour enseigner les savoir-faire

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    Une Ă©quipe de professeurs et professionnels du CollĂšge Montmorency s’est concertĂ©e pour peaufiner une mĂ©thode permettant d’enseigner plus efficacement les savoir-faire pratiques dans les classes de sciences. En plus de renforcer le sentiment de responsabilitĂ© des Ă©tudiants face Ă  l’apprentissage, celle-ci vise, entre autres, Ă  leur assurer une plus grande maitrise de diverses connaissances et compĂ©tences procĂ©durales. Une approche didactique, une marche Ă  suivre comportant quatre Ă©tapes et des outils d’accompagnement, de vĂ©rification et de correction ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©veloppĂ©s pour favoriser la cohĂ©rence du travail des professeurs et des techniciens et pour leur permettre d’allouer plus de temps Ă  l’enseignement pratique, essentiel dans leur discipline. Il faut lire cet article stimulant pour en savoir plus et se laisser inspirer

    Rendez-vous des idées: State of Collective Deliberation

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    Comprend des rĂ©fĂ©rences bibliographiquesFollowing the success of the “RĂȘver Mieux” laboratory of ideas at the 2016 AQPC Symposium, whose purpose was to bring together creative educators to think collectively about what we could do better or differently in the college system, the authors followed up with in 2017 in a revised formula This time, the discussions focused on a selection of themes from which the participants could choose depending on what they wanted to dream about. Once again, the exercise proved very stimulating. At the request of the participants, we present in this article some of the material used at the event, as well as a synopsis of the collective reflections produced during this Rendez-vous des idĂ©es. These results can contribute to ongoing pedagogical reflection taking place in the wider college network

    Le rendez-vous des idées : état de la réflexion collective

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    Comprend des rĂ©fĂ©rences bibliographiquesÀ la suite du succĂšs du laboratoire d’idĂ©es RĂȘver mieux lors du colloque de l’AQPC en 2016, qui visait Ă  rassembler des pĂ©dagogues crĂ©atifs pour rĂ©flĂ©chir collectivement Ă  ce que nous pourrions faire de mieux ou diffĂ©remment dans le rĂ©seau collĂ©gial, les animateurs ont rĂ©cidivĂ© en 2017 avec une formule revisitĂ©e. Cette fois, les discussions ont Ă©tĂ© orientĂ©es selon certains thĂšmes ciblĂ©s parmi lesquels les participants pouvaient choisir, en fonction de ce sur quoi ils avaient envie de rĂȘver. L’exercice s’est encore une fois rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© fort stimulant. À la demande des participants, les auteurs du texte prĂ©sentent dans cet article une partie du matĂ©riel ayant servi Ă  l’animation ainsi qu’une synthĂšse des rĂ©flexions collectives issues de ce Rendez-vous des idĂ©es, dans la perspective de rĂ©utiliser ces informations pour contribuer Ă  la rĂ©flexion pĂ©dagogique dans le rĂ©seau collĂ©gial

    Knowing how to teach know-how : imparting procedural knowledge

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    Comprend des réréfences bibliographiques

    Real scenario and simulations on GLOSA traffic light system for reduced CO2 emissions, waiting time and travel time

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    Cooperative ITS is enabling vehicles to communicate with the infrastructure to provide improvements in traffic control. A promising approach consists in anticipating the road profile and the upcoming dynamic events like traffic lights. This topic has been addressed in the French public project Co-Drive through functions developed by Valeo named Green Light Optimal Speed Advisor (GLOSA). The system advises the optimal speed to pass the next traffic light without stopping. This paper presents results of its performance in different scenarios through simulations and real driving measurements. A scaling is done in an urban area, with different penetration rates in vehicle and infrastructure equipment for vehicular communication. Our simulation results indicate that GLOSA can reduce CO2 emissions, waiting time and travel time, both in experimental conditions and in real traffic conditions.Comment: in 22nd ITS World Congress, Oct 2015, Bordeaux, France. 201

    Être rĂ©pondante locale Performa : une chance incroyable

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    La formation Ă  l’enseignement des professeurs d’université : un aperçu

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    Dans nos universitĂ©s, la perspective de l’embauche d’un nombre important de professeurs dĂ©butants offre l’occasion idĂ©ale de revoir les structures existantes de formation et de soutien Ă  ces novices peu prĂ©parĂ©s aux exigences de leur mĂ©taprofession. Or, depuis trois dĂ©cennies, des formations ont Ă©tĂ© mises en place et leur analyse montre qu’aux annĂ©es oĂč rĂ©gnait le modĂšle additif ont succĂ©dĂ© les annĂ©es du modĂšle transformatif, conçu dans une perspective de formation continue et collaborative, Ă©largi Ă  la dimension professionnelle. Une exploration non exhaustive du site internet de 48 universitĂ©s et de leurs centres de formation permet d’offrir un aperçu de la formation des professeurs d’universitĂ© de plusieurs pays.In our universities, the prospect of hiring a significant number of new professors offers an ideal opportunity to revisit the existing training and support structures for these novices, little prepared to face the demands of their metaprofession. Training programs have been in place for three decades and analysis shows that the transformative model, developed from a perspective of continuing and collaborative education and expanded to the professional dimension, has replaced the previous additive model. A preliminary exploration of Internet sites of 48 universities and their training centres provides an overview of the training of university professors in a number of countries.En nuestras universidades, la perspectiva de contratar a un nĂșmero importante de profesores principiantes ofrece una oportunidad ideal de volver a considerar las estructuras existentes de formaciĂłn y de apoyo a estos nuevos profesores, poco preparados a las exigencias de su metaprofesiĂłn. Ahora bien, desde hace tres dĂ©cadas, algunas formaciones fueron implementadas y su anĂĄlisis muestra que a la Ă©poca del modelo aditivo, sucediĂł la Ă©poca del modelo transformativo, elaborado en una perspectiva de formaciĂłn continua y de colaboraciĂłn, extendido a la dimensiĂłn profesional. Una exploraciĂłn no exhaustiva del sitio Internet de 48 universidades y de sus centros de formaciĂłn proporciona un vistazo de la formaciĂłn de los profesores de universidad en varios paĂ­ses

    Creating and sustaining a library journal club at a French-language university

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    A library journal club was initiated at UniversitĂ© de MontrĂ©al (UdeM), a French-language university in the province of Quebec, with the objectives of improving librarians’ critical appraisal skills, integrating evidence into participants’ practice and creating a space for discussion and collaboration. An initial workshop session on critical appraisal was offered and five one-hour meetings were held during the 2016-17 academic year. Librarians working at the UdeM libraries have no faculty status and they are not required to keep current on published research nor engage in research and publication. Therefore, it was considered a success that there were at least 6 participants at each meeting and that the initial workshop was attended by 15 librarians. After one year of activities, a survey was sent to all UdeM’s librarians to measure the participants’ satisfaction and to determine how to improve the attendance at journal club meetings. Results of the survey, facilitators and barriers to the journal club success and impact of implemented changes during the second year will be presented
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