Structure and morphology of X-ray selected AGN hosts at 1<z<3 in CANDELS-COSMOS field

We analyze morphologies of the host galaxies of 35 X-ray selected active galactic nucleus (AGNs) at $z\sim2$ in the Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) field using Hubble Space Telescope/WFC3 imaging taken from the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS). We build a control sample of 350 galaxies in total, by selecting ten non-active galaxies drawn from the same field with the similar stellar mass and redshift for each AGN host. By performing two dimensional fitting with GALFIT on the surface brightness profile, we find that the distribution of S$\`e$rsic index (n) of AGN hosts does not show a statistical difference from that of the control sample. We measure the nonparametric morphological parameters (the asymmetry index A, the Gini coefficient G, the concentration index C and the M20 index) based on point source subtracted images. All the distributions of these morphological parameters of AGN hosts are consistent with those of the control sample. We finally investigate the fraction of distorted morphologies in both samples by visual classification. Only $\sim$15% of the AGN hosts have highly distorted morphologies, possibly due to a major merger or interaction. We find there is no significant difference in the distortion fractions between the AGN host sample and control sample. We conclude that the morphologies of X-ray selected AGN hosts are similar to those of nonactive galaxies and most AGN activity is not triggered by major merger.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letter

Electro-Optical Comb Envelope Engineering Based on Mode Crossing

Resonator-enhanced electro-optical (EO) combs could generate a series of comb lines with high coherence and stability. Recently, EO comb based on thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) has begun to show great potential thanks to the high second-order nonlinearity coefficient of lithium niobate crystal. Here we demonstrate that EO comb envelope engineering based on mode crossing induced a quality factor reduction in the TFLN racetrack microcavity both in the numerical simulation and experiment. Our method paves the way for the generation of EO combs with an arbitrary envelope

Outcomes with and without postmastectomy radiotherapy for pT3N0‐1M0 breast cancer: An institutional experience

Abstract Aim The objective of this study is to comprehensively evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) in treating patients with pT3N0‐1M0 breast cancer within the context of modern therapeutic strategies. Methods Clinical data from patients with pT3N0‐1M0 breast cancer who underwent mastectomy from January 2005 to December 2018 at our institution were retrospectively analyzed. Results The study involved a total of 222 participants, with 112 individuals undergoing PMRT and 110 individuals not receiving it. The median follow‐up duration was 77 months (range: 6–171 months). The entire cohort demonstrated 5‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates of 85.1% and 91.0%, respectively, along with a locoregional recurrence (LRR) rate as low as 7.2%. The PMRT group showed significantly better 5‐year DFS (90.2% vs. 80.0%, p = 0.02) and OS (95.5% vs. 86.4%, p = 0.012) rates, as well as a lower LRR rate (4.5% vs. 10.0%, p = 0.122), compared to the group without PMRT. Cox regression analysis confirmed the independent prognostic significance of PMRT for both DFS (p = 0.040) and OS (p = 0.047). Following propensity score matching (PSM), the analysis included 100 matched patients, revealing an improved prognosis for those who received PMRT (DFS: p = 0.067; OS: p = 0.043). Conclusions Our study reveals favorable prognoses for pT3N0‐1M0 breast cancer patients treated within contemporary therapeutic approaches. The pivotal role of PMRT in this context is evident. However, due to the retrospective design of our study and the relatively limited sample size, further investigation is imperative to validate and enhance these initial findings

Additional file 1 of Antifungal bio-coating of endotracheal tube built by overexpressing the MCP1 gene of Saccharomyces boulardii and employing hydrogel as a “house” to antagonize Candida albicans

Additional file 1: Figure S1. (A) S. boulardii inhibit adhesion of C. albicans. S. boulardii and C. albicans were mixed and cultured in polyethylene culture dish for 1 h. Bar = 10 μm. (B) Crystal violet staining method was used to determine the adhesion of C. albicans. (C) S. boulardii inhibition the hyphal development of C. albicans. Bar = 10 μm. (D) Determination the growth of hyphal. The length of the hypha is measured by Image J. Statistical significance was defined based on the different p-values: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001. Figure S2. Compression and bending resistance tests of GelMA hydrogel. Figure S3. (A) The images of GelMA + PEO hydrogel and rhodamine B-labelled GelMA + PEO hydrogel. (B) Pore size distribution of GelMA+PEO hydrogel. Figure S4. Viability determination of B16 cells. The Calcein-AM, PI staining and merge images of B16 cells cultured respectively with DMSO and the extraction solution of GelMA and GelMA + PEO hydrogel. (Green remarked live cells, red remarked dead cells). Bar = 50 μm. Figure S5. (A) A full scan of Fig. 3G (Mcp1-GFP) entire original gel; (B) A full scan of Fig. 3G (Tubulin) entire original gel. Figure S6. Leaching test of S. boulardii encapsulated in coating (A) The images of bio-coatings containing S. boulardii and transgenic S. bourlardii were immersed in physiological saline (0.9% NaCl) for 4 days, respectively. (B) Photos of S. boulardii and transgenic S. bourlardii colonies on agar broth plates separated from the soaking solution with different bio-coating. Figure S7. In vivo implanted studies (A) Photos of S. boulardii hydrogels in vitro and in vivo, and the attachment tissue sections with different hydrogels derived from mice. (B) The cell survival rate of S. boulardii and transgenic S. boulardii encapsulated in hydrogels after implanted in vivo for 4 days. Statistical significance was defined based on the different p-values: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001. Figure S8. (A) Calcein-AM/PI staining of S. boulardii in bioactive materials under condition of UV at 180 min. (Green remarked live cells, red remarked dead cells) Bar = 50 μm. (B) The cells survival rate of S. boulardii in bioactive materials under condition of UV at 30, 60, 120, and 180 min. Statistical significance was defined based on the different p-values: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001. Figure S9. Overexpression of MCP1 enhances mitochondrial function of S. boulardii in bioactive materials after Co-incubation with C. albicans. (A) The expression levels of mitochondrial related genes ATP15 and SHH4 of S. boulardi revealed by RT-PCR. Expression levels of electron transport chain related genes CYC1, CYC7, CYT1 and SDH3 revealed by RT-PCR. ACT1 was used as the normalization gene. Statistical significance was defined based on the different p-values: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001