Seismic data from the Montserrat eruption at BGS

The Soufriere Hills Volcano on Montserrat in the West Indies began to erupt in July 1995. By the end of the year staff from the British Geological Survey (BGS) were involved in monitoring the eruption and the BGS either jointly or singly managed the Montserrat Volcano Observatory between September 1996 and April 2008. In this time a wealth of seismic data was collected by the observatory corresponding to many types of volcanic activity. This data has been archived at the BGS and this report aims to explain how to access it and to put the data in the context of the various seismic monitoring networks that recorded it

Third Military Librarians' Workshop

The Third Military Librarians' WorkshopThe Third Military Librarians' Workshop was held at the United States Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California, on October 8, 9, and 10, 1959. The program was planned by a committee consisting of Mr. John K. Cameron, Air University Library, Chairman; Miss Frances Carey, Naval War College Library; and Mr. John Nicolas, Bureau of Ships Library. Over one hundred librarians attended and thirty-two papers were presented along with several informal talks. Those presented for publication in the proceedings were prepared in multiple copies by their authors and were assembled, bound and distributed by the Library of the United States Naval Postgraduate School. The greatest gain, however, lies not in hearing the presentation of a series of papers, for these can be read-but rather in the discussions which follow and in the opportunity to find solution to our individual problems through contact with others

School Libraries of the Navy

Presented at the 5th Military Librarians' Workshop. Published as part of the Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Military Librarians' Workship, 4-6 October 1961, U.S. Air Force Academy Librar

Survey of finance companies, 1996

Finance companies are major suppliers of credit to consumers and businesses. The sector is made up of roughly 1,250 nondepository financial institutions, with 20 firms accounting for three-fourths of the receivables. The Federal Reserve System has been surveying the assets and liabilities of finance companies, typically at five-year intervals, since June 1955. This article summarizes the results of the 1996 survey. Special features of that survey are a breakdown of automobile leases into consumer and business components and, relative to previous surveys, greater detail on the composition of real estate credit and more information on securitized loans and leases.Finance companies

Storage Time and Temperature on the Sensory Properties Broccoli

Typically, broccoli arrives at the store within 7–14 days of harvest and is kept refrigerated until purchased or considered waste. To date, information has been limited on how this time on the shelf or storage temperature affects the sensory attributes that contribute to broccoli purchase or repurchase. In this study, 100 consumers performed acceptance tests and a check-all-that-apply (CATA) section to characterize sensory changes in two cultivars of broccoli (‘Diplomat’ and ‘Emerald Crown’) stored at two temperatures (0 °C and 4 °C) over five time points: 0, 14, 21, 28, and 42 days. Due to quality degradation during storage, the overall liking of broccoli decreased regardless of holding temperature and variety. This was in accordance with a decrease in sweetness and an increase in bitterness intensity. However, there were differences between varieties in which Diplomat had more sensory changes at higher temperatures and only Emerald showed negative changes to its appearance in color. Lastly, the CATA data revealed the attributes responsible for modulating the consumer acceptance of broccoli such as tastes, colors and flavors (e.g., grassy, musty, dirt-like). This information can be used to better inform shelf-life determinations of broccoli. Additionally, these changes in taste, odor, texture, and color can inform those interested in investigating the biochemical processes related to broccoli storage

Probabilistic analysis of rockfall frequencies during an andesite lava dome eruption:The Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat

A probabilistic analysis of rockfalls has been undertaken using seismometer-determined information on the timing and duration of rockfalls from the Soufrière Hills lava dome, Montserrat, between 1995 and 1997. Repose intervals between rockfalls fit log logistic survivor distributions. Differences in the log logistic survivor function for different sub-sets of data are accommodated by variation of the parameter k, which varies from 0.7 to 1.6, and sample median, μ. When extrusion rate is assumed to be ≈0 m/s, k is ≤1 denoting that the hazard function has a continuously decreasing form, contrasting to the hazard maximum present during periods of extrusion. This analysis illustrates a direct relationship between k, μ, and lava extrusion rate. Extrusion rate becomes increasingly significant in determining rockfall frequencies when rates are relatively high, whereas other factors become increasingly significant when rates are low

Vibration monitoring and alarm system

This report describes a system designed for use in nuclear power stations, or at other infrastructure sites, where a rapid response may be required when the ground acceleration caused by an earthquake exceeds a certain threshold. The system uses free-field acceleration measurement to trigger a physical alarm. The data acquisition and alarm functions are carried out on a PC that then triggers an alarm by use of a relay. The system described here has two such PCs for redundancy, although a single PC could perform the required task

Vestigial structures and variation in the evolution of the marsupial mammal dental development—a study of the woolly opossum Caluromys philander

The pattern of dental replacement in marsupial mammals has received much attention for its derived nature and potential relationship to the life history of the group. However, few species have been studied thoroughly, and little is known about the embryonic structures and their use in addressing issues of homology and dental evolution in general. We studied a developmental series of ten individuals of pouch young Caluromys philander to thoroughly document dental development with histological sections and 3D models of dental series. We report that the successor P3 arises from a lingual successional lamina from its predecessor dP3. The germs of vestigial, unerupted deciduous incisors and canines are present alongside their respective permanent successors. These discoveries demonstrate significant differences from the developmental patterns reported for Didelphis and Monodelphis and illustrate that an unsuspected diversity of dental ontogeny is not reflected in the adult pattern of mineralised, erupted or almost erupted teeth

A systematic review of assessment approaches to predict opioid misuse in people with cancer.

CONTEXT: Cancer prevalence is increasing, with many patients requiring opioid analgesia. Clinicians need to ensure patients receive adequate pain relief. However, opioid misuse is widespread, and cancer patients are at risk. OBJECTIVES: This study aims (1) to identify screening approaches that have been used to assess and monitor risk of opioid misuse in patients with cancer; (2) to compare the prevalence of risk estimated by each of these screening approaches; and (3) to compare risk factors among demographic and clinical variables associated with a positive screen on each of the approaches. METHODS: Medline, Cochrane Controlled Trial Register, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase databases were searched for articles reporting opioid misuse screening in cancer patients, along with handsearching the reference list of included articles. Bias was assessed using tools from the Joanna Briggs Suite. RESULTS: Eighteen studies met the eligibility criteria, evaluating seven approaches: Urine Drug Test (UDT) (n = 8); the Screener and Opioid Assessment for Patients with Pain (SOAPP) and two variants, Revised and Short Form (n = 6); the Cut-down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye-opener (CAGE) tool and one variant, Adapted to Include Drugs (n = 6); the Opioid Risk Tool (ORT) (n = 4); Prescription Monitoring Program (PMP) (n = 3); the Screen for Opioid-Associated Aberrant Behavior Risk (SOABR) (n = 1); and structured/specialist interviews (n = 1). Eight studies compared two or more approaches. The rates of risk of opioid misuse in the studied populations ranged from 6 to 65%, acknowledging that estimates are likely to have varied partly because of how specific to opioids the screening approaches were and whether a single or multi-step approach was used. UDT prompted by an intervention or observation of aberrant opioid behaviors (AOB) were conclusive of actual opioid misuse found to be 6.5-24%. Younger age, found in 8/10 studies; personal or family history of anxiety or other mental ill health, found in 6/8 studies; and history of illicit drug use, found in 4/6 studies, showed an increased risk of misuse. CONCLUSIONS: Younger age, personal or familial mental health history, and history of illicit drug use consistently showed an increased risk of opioid misuse. Clinical suspicion of opioid misuse may be raised by data from PMP or any of the standardized list of AOBs. Clinicians may use SOAPP-R, CAGE-AID, or ORT to screen for increased risk and may use UDT to confirm suspicion of opioid misuse or monitor adherence. More research into this important area is required. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS: This systematic review summarized the literature on the use of opioid misuse risk approaches in people with cancer. The rates of reported risk range from 6 to 65%; however, true rate may be closer to 6.5-24%. Younger age, personal or familial mental health history, and history of illicit drug use consistently showed an increased risk of opioid misuse. Clinicians may choose from several approaches. Limited data are available on feasibility and patient experience. PROSPERO registration number. CRD42020163385