Overview and specifications of laser and target areas at the Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory

Abstract We present the main features of the ultrashort, high-intensity laser installation at the Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory (ILIL) including laser, beam transport and target area specifications. The laboratory was designed to host laser–target interaction experiments of more than 220 TW peak power, in flexible focusing configurations, with ultrarelativistic intensity on the target. Specifications have been established via dedicated optical diagnostic assemblies and commissioning interaction experiments. In this paper we give a summary of laser specifications available to users, including spatial, spectral and temporal contrast features. The layout of the experimental target areas is presented, with attention to the available configurations of laser focusing geometries and diagnostics. Finally, we discuss radiation protection measures and mechanical stability of the laser focal spot on the target

Nanometer Scale Spectral Imaging of Quantum Emitters in nanowires and Its Correlation to Their Atomically Resolved Structure

International audienceWe report the spectral imaging in the UV to visible range with nanometer scale resolu-tion of closely packed GaN/AlN quantum discs in individual nanowires using an improved custom-made cathodoluminescence system. We demonstrate the possibility to measure full spectral features of individual quantum emitters as small as one nanometer and separated from each others by only few nanometers, and the ability to correlate their optical properties to their size, measured with atomic resolution. The direct correlation between the quantum disc size and emission wavelength allows us to evidence the quantum confined Stark effect leading to an emission below the bulk GaN band gap for discs thicker than 2.6 nm. Helped with simula-tions, we show that the internal electric field in the studied quantum discs is smaller than what is expected in the quantum well case. We evidence a clear dispersion of the emission wave-lengths of different quantum discs of identical size but different position along the wire. This dispersion is systematically correlated to a change of the diameter of the AlN shell coating the wire, and is thus attributed to the related strain variations along the wire. The present work opens the way both for fundamental studies of quantum confinement in closely packed quan-tum emitters and for characterizations of optoelectronic devices presenting carrier localization on the nanometer scale

Estudio metabolómico de riesgo cardiovascular en la enfermedad renal crónica

Comunicaciones a congreso

Urinary exosomes reveal protein signatures in hypertensive patients with albuminuria

Albuminuria is an indicator of cardiovascular risk and renal damage in hypertensive individuals. Chronic renin-angiotensin system (RAS) suppression facilitates blood pressure control and prevents development of new-onset-albuminuria. A significant number of patients, however, develop albuminuria despite chronic RAS blockade, and the physiopathological mechanisms are underexplored. Urinary exosomes reflect pathological changes taking place in the kidney. The objective of this work was to examine exosomal protein alterations in hypertensive patients with albuminuria in the presence of chronic RAS suppression, to find novel clues underlying its development. Patients were followed-up for three years and were classified as: a) patients with persistent normoalbuminuria; b) patients developing de novo albuminuria; and c) patients with maintained albuminuria. Exosomal protein alterations between groups were identified by isobaric tag quantitation (iTRAQ). Confirmation was approached by target analysis (SRM). In total, 487 proteins were identified with high confidence. Specifically, 48 proteins showed an altered pattern in response to hypertension and/or albuminuria. Out of them, 21 proteins interact together in three main functional clusters: glycosaminoglycan degradation, coagulation and complement system, and oxidative stress. The identified proteins constitute potential targets for drug development and may help to define therapeutic strategies to evade albuminuria progression in hypertensive patients chronically treated.Instituto de Salud Carlos III, fondos FEDER/FSE (PI11/01401, PI13/01873, PI14/01841, IF08/3667-1, PI11-02239, PI 14/0917, PI11/02432, PI13/01746, PI14/01650, PI16/01334, PT13/0001/0013, CP09/00229, CP15/00129, CPII15/00027), Fundacion SENEFRO, Fundacion Conchita Rabago de Jimenez Diaz, and Redes Tematicas de Investigacion Cooperativa (fondos FEDER/FSE, RD12/0021/0001, RD12/0042/0071). These results are lined up with the Spanish initiative on the Human Proteome Project (SpHPP).S

Spanish Research Report for 2017

Spanish catch and effort information used in this Report is based on the logbook data contributed by the Spanish Administration. The logbooks information for 2017 was available haul by haul. Table 1 presents the Spanish catches by species and Division in 2017 in NAFO Regulatory Area. Total effort of the Spanish fleet in 2017 was 1,037 fishing days. In 2017, IEO scientific observers were on board 329 fishing days that it means 32 % of the Spanish total effort. All length, age and biological information presented in this paper is based on sampling carried out by IEO scientific observers. In 2017, 483 samples were taken with 57,988 individuals of different species examined (Table 2)

Estimating the health and economic burden of shipping related air pollution in the Iberian Peninsula

Air pollution is the leading cause of the global burden of disease from the environment, entailing substantial economic consequences. International shipping is a significant source of NOx, SO2, CO and PM, which can cause known negative health impacts. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the health impacts and the associated external costs of ship-related air pollution in the Iberian Peninsula for 2015. Moreover, the impact of CAP2020 regulations on 2015 emissions was studied. Log-linear functions based on WHO-HRAPIE relative risks for PM2.5 and NO2 all-cause mortality and morbidity health end-points, and integrated exposure-response functions for PM2.5 cause-specific mortality, were used to calculate the excess burden of disease. The number of deaths and years of life lost (YLL) due to NO2 ship-related emissions was similar to those of PM2.5 ship-related emissions. Estimated all-cause premature deaths attributable to PM2.5 ship-related emissions represented an average increase of 7.7% for the Iberian Peninsula when compared to the scenario without shipping contribution. Costs of around 9 100 million euro yr-1 (for value of statistical life approach - VSL) and 1 825 million euro yr(-1) (for value of life year approach - VOLY) were estimated for PM and NO2 all-cause burden of disease. For PM2.5 cause-specific mortality, a cost of around 3 475 million euro yr(-1) (for VSL approach) and 851 million euro yr(-1) (for VOLY approach) were estimated. Costs due to PM and NO2 all-cause burden represented around 0.72% and 0.15% of the Iberian Peninsula gross domestic product in 2015, respectively for VSL and VOLY approaches. For PM2.5 cause-specific mortality, costs represented around 0.28% and 0.06%, respectively, for VSL and VOLY approaches. If CAP2020 regulations had been applied in 2015, around 50% and 30% respectively of PM2.5 and NO2 ship-related mortality would been avoided. These results show that air pollution from ships has a considerable impact on health and associated costs affecting the Iberian Peninsula.This work was financially supported by: project UIDB/00511/2020 of the Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy - LEPABE-funded by national funds through the FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) and project EMISSHIP PTDC/CTAAMB/32201/2017, funded by FEDER funds through COMPETE2020 - Programa Oper-acional Competitividade e Internacionalizacao (POCI) and by national funds (PIDDAC) through FCT/MCTES. Rafael A.O. Nunes thanks the individual research grant SFRH/BD/146159/2019, funded by the Por-tuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) . Sofia I.V. Sousathanks the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) for the financial support of her work contract through the Scientific Employment Stimulus-Individual Call CEECIND/02477/2017. Dr Jalkanen would like to acknowledge the financial support from the European Union's Horizon2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement #874990 (EMERGE project) . This work reflects only the authors' view and INEA is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains

Spanish Research Report for 2021

Spanish catch and effort information used in this Report is based on the preliminary logbook data contributed by the Spanish Administration. The logbooks information for 2021 was available haul by haul. Total effort of the Spanish fleet in 2021 was 1,170 fishing days. Table 1 presents the preliminary Spanish catches by species and Division in 2021 in NAFO Regulatory Area. These catch figures are preliminary, the final catches to carry out the NAFO assessments will be agreed by the NAFO Joint Commission-Scientific Council Catch Estimation Strategy Advisory Group (CESAG)

Spanish Research Report for 2018.

Spanish catch and effort information used in this Report is based on the preliminary logbook data contributed by the Spanish Administration. The logbooks information for 2018 was available haul by haul. Table 1 presents the preliminary Spanish catches by species and Division in 2018 in NAFO Regulatory Area. Total effort of the Spanish fleet in 2018 was 1,082 fishing days. In 2018, IEO scientific observers were on board 279 fishing days that it means 26 % of the Spanish total effort. All length, age and biological information presented in this paper is based on sampling carried out by IEO scientific observers. In 2018, 425 samples were taken with 44,499 individuals of different species examined (Table 2)

Spanish Research Report for 2020

within the National Program of collection, management and use of data in the fisheries sector and support for scientific advice regarding the Common Fisheries Policy.Spanish catch and effort information used in this Report is based on the preliminary logbook data contributed by the Spanish Administration. The logbooks information for 2020 was available haul by haul. Table 1 presents the preliminary Spanish catches by species and Division in 2020 in NAFO Regulatory Area. Total effort of the Spanish fleet in 2020 was 1,200 fishing days. In 2020, IEO scientific observers were on board 31 fishing days that it means 3 % of the Spanish total effort. All length, age and biological information presented in this paper is based on sampling carried out by IEO scientific observers. In 2020, 37 samples were taken with 4816 individuals of different species examined (Table 2).The collection of the data presented in this document has been funded by the European Union through the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (EMFF)Versión del editor

Lower Respiratory Tract Infection and Short-Term Outcome in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

To assess whether ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infections (VA-LRTIs) are associated with mortality in critically ill patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Post hoc analysis of prospective cohort study including mechanically ventilated patients from a multicenter prospective observational study (TAVeM study); VA-LRTI was defined as either ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (VAT) or ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) based on clinical criteria and microbiological confirmation. Association between intensive care unit (ICU) mortality in patients having ARDS with and without VA-LRTI was assessed through logistic regression controlling for relevant confounders. Association between VA-LRTI and duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay was assessed through competing risk analysis. Contribution of VA-LRTI to a mortality model over time was assessed through sequential random forest models. The cohort included 2960 patients of which 524 fulfilled criteria for ARDS; 21% had VA-LRTI (VAT = 10.3% and VAP = 10.7%). After controlling for illness severity and baseline health status, we could not find an association between VA-LRTI and ICU mortality (odds ratio: 1.07; 95% confidence interval: 0.62-1.83; P =.796); VA-LRTI was also not associated with prolonged ICU length of stay or duration of mechanical ventilation. The relative contribution of VA-LRTI to the random forest mortality model remained constant during time. The attributable VA-LRTI mortality for ARDS was higher than the attributable mortality for VA-LRTI alone. After controlling for relevant confounders, we could not find an association between occurrence of VA-LRTI and ICU mortality in patients with ARDS